Artichoke: botanical, agronomical, phytochemical, and pharmacological overview

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• 作者：Bruna de Falco ; Guido Incerti ; Mariana Amato ; Virginia Lanzotti
• 关键词：Caffeoylquinic acids ; Cynara cardunculus ; Flavonoids ; Inulin ; Terpenes
• 刊名：Phytochemistry Reviews
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：14
• 期：6
• 页码：993-1018
• 全文大小：1,103 KB
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• 作者单位：Bruna de Falco (1)
  Guido Incerti (1)
  Mariana Amato (2)
  Virginia Lanzotti (1)
  
  1. Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli “Federico II- Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
  2. Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università della Basilicata, viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Plant Sciences
  Biochemistry
  Organic Chemistry
  Chemistry
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1572-980X

文摘

Artichoke, Cynara cardunculus, is a dietary and medicinal plant species with a long tradition of use dating back to the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. It comprises the globe artichoke, C. cardunculus subsp. scolymus, the cultivated cardoon, C. cardunculus subsp. altilis, and the wild cardoon, C. cardunculus subsp. sylvestris. The edible part of the plant is limited to the fleshy leaves (bracts) and receptacle of a large immature inflorescence, named capitulum or head, that has been shown to be a rich source of bioactive compounds. On the other hand, leaves, external bracts and stems discarded by the artichoke processing industry corresponding to about 80-5 % of the total biomass of the plant, represent a suitable potential source of food additives and nutraceuticals. Nutritional and pharmacological properties of artichoke heads and leaves are attributed mainly to polyphenolic compounds and inulin present at high concentration. Other classes of chemical compounds, including flavonoids, anthocyanins, sesquiterpenes, and triterpenes have been also found in the plant at lower amounts. This review, after a general historical, phytogeographical, and ethnobotanical overview, summarizes the current knowledge on the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of this plant, with special emphasis on the agronomical and nutritional importance of the plant and to the methods of analysis, including the recently developed metabolomic studies. Keywords Caffeoylquinic acids Cynara cardunculus Flavonoids Inulin Terpenes