Emissions of nitrous oxide and ammonia after cauliflower harvest are influenced by soil type and crop residue management

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• 作者：Leif Nett ; André Sradnick ; Roland Fuß ; Heinz Flessa…
• 关键词：Nitrous oxide ; Ammonia ; Vegetable crop residues ; Soil type ; Cauliflower ; Tillage
• 刊名：Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：106
• 期：2
• 页码：217-231
• 全文大小：1,952 KB
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Soil Science and Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0867
• 卷排序：106

文摘

The decomposition of vegetable crop residues, e.g. from Brassica species, can cause substantial nitrous oxide (N₂O) and ammonia (NH₃) emissions due to their high nutrient and water contents. One promising approach to reduce these harmful emissions is optimizing post-harvest crop residue management. So far published results on the effects of different crop residue placement techniques on N₂O and NH₃ emissions do not give a consistent picture. One of the key issues is the diverse experimental conditions, in particular with respect to soil characteristics. Therefore, we studied the effects of cauliflower residue management, i.e. no residues (control), surface application (mulch), incorporation by mixing (mix), incorporation by ploughing (plough), on N₂O and NH₃ emissions in a 7.5-months field study, using a unique open-air facility featuring three different soils with contrasting soil texture (loamy sand, silt loam, sandy clay loam). Cauliflower residues caused the highest N₂O emissions after ploughing (2.3–3.4 kg N₂O–N ha−1, 1.5–2.2 % of residue-N), irrespective of the soil type. In contrast, ammonia emissions were only affected by the residue placement technique in loamy sand, which exhibited the highest emissions in the mulch treatment (1.9 kg NH₃–N ha−1, 1.2 % of residue-N). In conclusion, under the given conditions incorporating crop residues by ploughing appears to produce the highest N₂O emissions in a range of soils, whereas surface application may primarily increase NH₃ emissions in coarse-textured soils.