Interfacial rheology of coextruded elastomeric and amorphous glass thermoplastic polyurethanes
详细信息 查看全文
- 作者：Jorge Silva (1)
Jo?o M. Maia (1)
Rongzhi Huang (1)
Donald Meltzer (2)
Mark Cox (2)
Ricardo Andrade (1) - 关键词：Coextrusion ; Multilayer films ; Thermoplastic polyurethanes ; Interphase ; Mutual diffusion
- 刊名：Rheologica Acta
- 出版年：2012
- 出版时间：12 - December 2012
- 年：2012
- 卷：51
- 期：11
- 页码：947-957
- 全文大小：983KB
- 参考文献：1. Baer E, Kerns J, Hiltner A (2000) Processing and properties of polymer microlayered systems. In: Structure development during polymer processing, vol 370, pp 327-44
2. Bousmina M, Palierne JF, Utracki LA (1999) Modeling of structured polyblend flow in a laminar shear field. Polym Eng Sci 39(6):1049-059 CrossRef
3. Bousmina M, Qiu H (2000) Determination of mutual diffusion coefficients at nonsymmetric polymer/polymer interfaces from rheometry. Macromolecules 33(17):6588-594. doi:10.1021/ma991948k CrossRef
4. Carriere CJ, Ramanathan R (1995) Multilayer rheology: a comparison of experimental data with modeling of multilayer shear flow. Polym Eng Sci 35(24):1979-984 CrossRef
5. Cossar S, Nichetti D, Grizzuti N (2004) A rheological study of the phase transition in thermoplastic polyurethanes. Critical gel behavior and microstructure development. J Rheol 48(3):691-03
6. Harton SE, Stevie FA, Ade H (2005) Diffusion-controlled reactive coupling at polymer-polymer interfaces. Macromolecules 38(9):3543-546 CrossRef
7. Jiao JB, Kramer EJ, de Vos S, Moller M, Koning C (1999) Morphological changes of a molten polymer/polymer interface driven by grafting. Macromolecules 32(19):6261-269 CrossRef
8. Kim HY, Kim HJ, Kim JK (2006) Effect of interfacial reaction and morphology on rheological properties of reactive bilayer. Polym J 38(11):1165-172 CrossRef
9. Lamnawar K, Baudouin A, Maazouz A (2010) Interdiffusion/reaction at the polymer/polymer interface in multilayer systems probed by linear viscoelasticity coupled to FTIR and NMR measurements. Eur Polym J 46(7):1604-622. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2010.03.019 CrossRef
10. Lamnawar K, Maazouz A (2008) Rheology and morphology of multilayer reactive polymers: effect of interfacial area in interdiffusion/reaction phenomena. Rheol Acta 47(4):383-97 CrossRef
11. Levesque R, Vaudreuil S, Mighri F, Bousmina M (2005) Thermally-activated non-reversible response of polystyrene/polyvinyl methyl ether (PS/PVME) sandwich sample under small-amplitude oscillatory shear flow. J Polym Eng 25(6):487-99
12. Levitt L, Macosko CW, Schweizer T, Meissner J (1997) Extensional rheometry of polymer multilayers: a sensitive probe of interfaces. J Rheol 41(3):671-85 CrossRef
13. Lin CC (1979) Mathematical model for viscosity in capillary extrusion of 2-component polyblends. Polym J 11(3):185-92 CrossRef
14. Lyu SP, Cernohous JJ, Bates FS, Macosko CW (1999) Interfacial reaction induced roughening in polymer blends. Macromolecules 32(1):106-10 CrossRef
15. Macosko CW, Lee PC, Park HE, Morse DC (2009) Polymer-polymer interfacial slip in multilayered films. J Rheol 53(4):893-15. doi:10.1122/1.3114370 CrossRef
16. Macosko CW, Zhao R (2002) Slip at polymer-polymer interfaces: rheological measurements on coextruded multilayers. J Rheol 46(1):145-67 CrossRef
17. Macosko CW, Zhao R (2007) Polymer-polymer mutual diffusion via rheology of coextruded multilayers. Aiche J 53(4):978-85. doi:10.1002/aic.11136 CrossRef
18. Mchugh AJ, Guy RK, Tree DA (1993) Extensional flow-induced crystallization of a polyethylene melt. Colloid Polym Sci 271(7):629-45 CrossRef
19. Mechbal N, Bousmina M (2007) Effect of copolymer addition on drop deformation during uniaxial elongation and during relaxation after cessation of flow. Macromolecules 40(4):967-75 CrossRef
20. Park HE, Lee PC, Macosko CW (2010) Polymer-polymer interfacial slip by direct visualization and by stress reduction. J Rheol 54(6):1207-218. doi:10.1122/1.3479389 CrossRef
21. Qiu H, Bousmina M (1999) New technique allowing the quantification of diffusion at polymer polymer interfaces using rheological analysis: Theoretical and experimental results. J Rheol 43(3):551-68 CrossRef
22. Qiu H, Bousmina M (2002) Molecular weight polydispersity effects on diffusion at polymer/polymer interfaces. Can J Chem Eng 80(6):1206-213 CrossRef
23. Qiu H, Bousmina M, Dealy JM (2002) Coupling between flow and diffusion at polymer/polymer interfaces: large amplitude oscillatory shear experiments. Rheol Acta 41(1-):87-2 CrossRef
24. Schulze JS, Cernohous JJ, Hirao A, Lodge TP, Macosko CW (2000) Reaction kinetics of end-functionalized chains at a polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) interface. Macromolecules 33(4):1191-198 CrossRef
25. Sentmanat M, Hatzikiriakos SG (2004) Mechanism of gross melt fracture elimination in the extrusion of polyethylenes in the presence of boron nitride. Rheol Acta 43(6):624-33 CrossRef
26. Sentmanat ML (2004) Miniature universal testing platform: from extensional melt rheology to solid-state deformation behavior. Rheol Acta 43(6):657-69 CrossRef
27. Silva J, Machado AV, Maia J (2007) Rheological behavior of compatibilized and non-compatibilized PA6/EPM blends. Rheol Acta 46(8):1091-097 CrossRef
28. Silva J, Machado AV, Moldenaers P, Maia J (2010a) The effect of interfacial properties on the deformation and relaxation behavior of PMMA/PS blends. J Rheol 54(4):797-13. doi:10.1122/1.3439732 CrossRef
29. Silva JM, Machado AV, Moldenaers P, Maia JM (2010b) The role of interfacial elasticity on the rheological behavior of polymer blends. Korea-Aust Rheol J 22(1):21-9
30. Vaudreuil S, Qiu H, Kaliaguine S, Grmela M, Bousmina M (2000) Mutual diffusion at polystyrene/poly(vinyl methyl ether) as measured by ATR-FTIR and rheometry. Macromol Symp 158:155-68 CrossRef
31. Velankar S, Cooper SL (2000) Microphase separation and rheological properties of polyurethane melts. 3. Effect of block incompatibility on the viscoelastic properties. Macromolecules 33(2):395-03 CrossRef
32. Yang WP, Macosko CW, Wellinghoff ST (1986) Thermal-degradation of urethanes based on 4,4-/sup>-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate and 1,4-Butanediol (Mdi/Bdo). Polymer 27(8):1235-240 CrossRef
33. Zhang JB, Lodge TP, Macosko CW (2005) Interfacial morphology development during PS/PMMA reactive coupling. Macromolecules 38(15):6586-591 CrossRef - 作者单位：Jorge Silva (1)
Jo?o M. Maia (1)
Rongzhi Huang (1)
Donald Meltzer (2)
Mark Cox (2)
Ricardo Andrade (1)
1. Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, CLiPS–Center for Layered Polymeric Systems, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7202, USA
2. Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., 9911 Brecksville Road, Cleveland, OH, 44141-3247, USA - ISSN：1435-1528
文摘
In this work, we report on the sensitivity of rheometrical techniques to the nature and size of the interface/interphase in coextruded thermoplastic urethanes (TPUs). In particular, the interphases developed during coextrusion of an amorphous glass (hard) TPU (Isoplast? ETPU 301) with one of two elastomeric (soft) TPUs (Estane? TPU 58277 and Estane? TPU X1175) were studied. Differences in the thickness and nature of the interphase of the two coextruded bilayer films were observed by atomic force microscopy. In one case, the interphase is thicker and rough, and in the other case, it is thinner and flat. Rheology was used in order to probe the type and characteristics of the interphases, with coextruded films having been tested in steady shear, small-amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS), uniaxial extension, and stress relaxation after a step strain in shear. The results were compared with theoretical predictions assuming zero-thickness interfaces and no interfacial slip. For SAOS and stress relaxation experiments, expressions were deduced in order to enable such a prediction to be made. Of all four rheometrical tests, only stress relaxation after a step shear did not follow the theoretical predictions and, thus, was sensitive enough to detect the presence of the interphase.