Water-Channel Study of Flow and Turbulence Past a Two-Dimensional Array of Obstacles

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• 作者：Annalisa Di Bernardino (1)
  Paolo Monti (1)
  Giovanni Leuzzi (1)
  Giorgio Querzoli (2)
  
  1. DICEA ; Universit脿 di Roma 鈥淟a Sapienza鈥? Via Eudossiana 18 ; 00184 ; Rome ; Italy
  2. Dipartimento di Ingegneria del Territorio ; Universit脿 di Cagliari ; Via Marengo 3 ; 09123 ; Cagliari ; Italy
  
• 关键词：Building array ; Image analysis ; Reynolds stress ; Roughness sublayer ; Urban flow ; Water ; channel
• 刊名：Boundary-Layer Meteorology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：155
• 期：1
• 页码：73-85
• 全文大小：3,981 KB
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• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Meteorology and Climatology
  Atmospheric Protection, Air Quality Control and Air Pollution
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-1472

文摘

A neutral boundary layer was generated in the laboratory to analyze the mean velocity field and the turbulence field within and above an array of two-dimensional obstacles simulating an urban canopy. Different geometrical configurations were considered in order to investigate the main characteristics of the flow as a function of the aspect ratio (AR) of the canopy. To this end, a summary of the two-dimensional fields of the fundamental turbulence parameters is given for AR ranging from 1 to 2. The results show that the flow field depends strongly on AR only within the canyon, while the outer flow seems to be less sensitive to this parameter. This is not true for the vertical momentum flux, which is one of the parameters most affected by AR, both within and outside the canyon. The experiments also indicate that, when \(AR \lesssim 1.5\) (i.e. the skimming-flow regime), the roughness sub-layer extends up to a height equal to 1.25 times the height of the obstacles \((H)\) , surmounted by an inertial sub-layer that extends up to \(2.7H\) . In contrast, for \(AR>1.5\) (i.e. the wake-interference regime) the inertial sub-layer is not present. This has significant implications when using similarity laws for deriving wind and turbulence profiles in canopy flows. Furthermore, two estimations of the viscous dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy of the flow are given. The first one is based on the fluctuating strain rate tensor, while the second is related to the mean strain rate tensor. It is shown that the two expressions give similar results, but the former is more complicated, suggesting that the latter might be used in numerical models with a certain degree of reliability. Finally, the data presented can also be used as a dataset for the validation of numerical models.