Acacia tree density strongly affects N and P fluxes in savanna
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- 作者：Judith Sitters (1) (3)
Peter J. Edwards (1)
Werner Suter (2)
Harry Olde Venterink (1) (3)
1. Institute of Integrative Biology ; ETH Zurich ; Universit盲tsstrasse 16 ; 8092 ; Zurich ; Switzerland
3. Plant Biology and Nature Management ; Vrije Universiteit Brussel ; 1050 ; Brussels ; Belgium
2. Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL ; Z眉rcherstrasse 111 ; 8903 ; Birmensdorf ; Switzerland - 关键词：Fire ; Herbivore dung ; Nitrogen fixation ; Nutrient balances ; Phosphorus ; Woody encroachment
- 刊名：Biogeochemistry
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：March 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：123
- 期：1-2
- 页码：285-297
- 全文大小：657 KB
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- 刊物主题：Earth sciences
Geochemistry
Biochemistry
Soil Science and Conservation
Terrestrial Pollution - 出版者：Springer Netherlands
- ISSN：1573-515X
文摘
Studies of nutrient cycling in savanna ecosystems rarely consider how fluxes are affected by local variations in tree density and nutrient redistribution by herbivores. We studied how the density of Acacia zanzibarica trees in a humid savanna ecosystem affected the input of nitrogen (N) through N2-fixation and N and phosphorus (P) outputs through fire and also internal pathways of N and P return through herbivores. We found that N inputs and P outputs both increased with increasing density of N2-fixing trees, the N effect being due to tree density rather than to differences in the rate of N2-fixation. However, total N outputs due to fire did not vary with tree density because losses from the herb layer decreased as losses from the tree layer increased. In contrast, total P outputs did increase with tree density because P losses from the tree layer exceeded those from the herb layer. We suggest that variation in the density of N2-fixing trees coupled with the effects of fire can cause substantial differences in the local N and P balances in savanna vegetation. To some extent, these differences may be evened out by the tendency for browsing herbivores to transfer nutrients from Acacia- to grass-dominated areas. We conclude that encroachment by N2-fixing trees and shrubs has important consequences for ecosystem properties such as N and P dynamics.