Neural mechanisms of negative reinforcement in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders

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• 作者：Cara R Damiano (1) (2)
  Dillon C Cockrell (1) (3)
  Kaitlyn Dunlap (4)
  Eleanor K Hanna (2) (5)
  Stephanie Miller (2) (6)
  Joshua Bizzell (4) (7)
  Megan Kovac (8)
  Lauren Turner-Brown (2) (9)
  John Sideris (10)
  Jessica Kinard (2)
  Gabriel S Dichter (1) (2) (4) (7)
  
  1. Department of Psychology ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ; CB #3270 ; Davie Hall ; 27599-3270 ; Chapel Hill ; NC ; USA
  2. Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine ; CB #7255 ; 27599-7255 ; Chapel Hill ; NC ; USA
  3. Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Research Institute ; 2 Riverside Circle Suite M140 ; 24016 ; Roanoke ; VA ; USA
  4. Brain Imaging and Analysis Center (BIAC) ; Duke University Medical Center ; 2424 Erwin Road Suite 501 ; 27708 ; Durham ; NC ; USA
  5. Center for Cognitive Neuroscience ; Duke University ; Box # 90999 ; 27708 ; Durham ; NC ; USA
  6. UNC School of Social Work ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Education ; CB #3550 ; 27599-3550 ; Chapel Hill ; NC ; USA
  7. Department of Psychiatry ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine ; CB #7160 ; 27599-7160 ; Chapel Hill ; NC ; USA
  8. School Psychology Program ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Education ; CB #3550 ; 27599-3550 ; Chapel Hill ; NC ; USA
  9. TEACCH Autism Program ; CB# 7180 UNC-Chapel Hill ; 27599-7180 ; Chapel Hill ; NC ; USA
  10. Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ; CB #8185 ; 27599-8185 ; Chapel Hill ; NC ; USA
  
• 关键词：Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) ; Negative reinforcement ; Reward processing ; Social motivation ; Reward loss ; Reward motivation
• 刊名：Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：7
• 期：1
• 全文大小：954 KB
• 参考文献：Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-V. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC
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• 刊物主题：Neurosciences; Neurobiology; Neuropsychology; Psychiatry; Human Genetics; Pediatrics;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1866-1955

文摘

Background Previous research has found accumulating evidence for atypical reward processing in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), particularly in the context of social rewards. Yet, this line of research has focused largely on positive social reinforcement, while little is known about the processing of negative reinforcement in individuals with ASD. Methods The present study examined neural responses to social negative reinforcement (a face displaying negative affect) and non-social negative reinforcement (monetary loss) in children with ASD relative to typically developing children, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results We found that children with ASD demonstrated hypoactivation of the right caudate nucleus while anticipating non-social negative reinforcement and hypoactivation of a network of frontostriatal regions (including the nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, and putamen) while anticipating social negative reinforcement. In addition, activation of the right caudate nucleus during non-social negative reinforcement was associated with individual differences in social motivation. Conclusions These results suggest that atypical responding to negative reinforcement in children with ASD may contribute to social motivational deficits in this population.