Biologische Mechanismen der Myopie

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Prof. Dr. F. Schaeffel
• 关键词：SchlüsselwörterTiermodell ; Retina ; Defokussierung ; Progression ; Atropin
• 刊名：Der Ophthalmologe
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：114
• 期：1
• 页码：5-19
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Ophthalmology;
• 出版者：Springer Medizin
• ISSN：1433-0423
• 卷排序：114

文摘

Recent studies have confirmed that the prevalence of myopia has increased in most countries, that the increase must be due to environmental factors and that myopia is closely linked to the level of education. Extensive close-up work with short viewing distances, little outdoor activity and continuous exposure to low illumination are currently considered the major factors. It remains unknown how close-up work can stimulate eye growth. Animal models provide the possibility to manipulate visual experiences and to observe subsequent changes in eye growth. They have uncovered a number of unexpected aspects which have led to studies in children. When applied in low doses atropine (0.01 %) is effective against progression of myopia and shows no rebound effect after termination of the treatment, in contrast to treatment with previously used higher doses. While education cannot be limited in our society, there are now an increasing number of options to slow myopia progression so that high myopia is less frequently reached.