Binary Interactions of Antagonistic Bacteria with Candida albicans Under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

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• 作者：Eliska Benadé ; Wendy Stone ; Marnel Mouton ; Ferdinand Postma…
• 关键词：Candida albicans ; Aerobic ; Anaerobic ; Bacteria ; Hydrolytic enzymes ; Prodigiosin
• 刊名：Microbial Ecology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：71
• 期：3
• 页码：645-659
• 全文大小：808 KB
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• 作者单位：Eliska Benadé (1)
  Wendy Stone (1) (2)
  Marnel Mouton (1) (3)
  Ferdinand Postma (1)
  Jac Wilsenach (4)
  Alfred Botha (1)
  
  1. Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
  2. Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  3. Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
  4. Virtual Consulting Engineers (Pty.) Ltd., Groenkloof, South Africa
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Microbiology
  Ecology
  Geoecology and Natural Processes
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1432-184X

文摘

We used both aerobic and anaerobic liquid co-cultures, prepared with Luria Bertani broth, to study the effect of bacteria on the survival of Candida albicans in the external environment, away from an animal host. The bacteria were represented by Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Kluyvera ascorbata and Serratia marcescens. Under aerobic conditions, the yeast’s growth was inhibited in the presence of bacterial growth; however, under anaerobic conditions, yeast and bacterial growth in co-cultures was similar to that observed for pure cultures. Subsequent assays revealed that the majority of bacterial strains aerobically produced extracellular hydrolytic enzymes capable of yeast cell wall hydrolysis, including chitinases and mannan-degrading enzymes. In contrast, except for the A. hydrophila strain, these enzymes were not detected in anaerobic bacterial cultures, nor was the antimicrobial compound prodigiosin found in anaerobic cultures of S. marcescens. When we suspended C. albicans cells in crude extracellular enzyme preparations from K. pneumoniae and S. marcescens, we detected no negative effect on yeast viability. However, we found that these preparations enhance the toxicity of prodigiosin towards the yeast, especially in combination with mannan-degrading enzymes. Analyses of the chitin and mannan content of yeast cell walls revealed that less chitin was produced under anaerobic than aerobic conditions; however, the levels of mannan, known for its low permeability, remained the same. The latter phenomenon, as well as reduced production of the bacterial enzymes and prodigiosin, may contribute to anaerobic growth and survival of C. albicans in the presence of bacteria.