Fe₃O₄/rice husk-based maco-/mesoporous carbon bone nanocomposite as superior high-rate anode for lithium ion battery

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• 作者：Xiaoyong Fan ; Siheng Li ; Yu Cui ; Li Lu…
• 关键词：Lithium ion battery ; Anode ; Fe3O4 ; Rice husks ; Macro ; /mesoporous
• 刊名：Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：21
• 期：1
• 页码：27-34
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Physical Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy Storage; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Analytical Chemistry; Condensed Matter Physics;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1433-0768
• 卷排序：21

文摘

Rice husks (RHs), a kind of biowastes, are firstly hydrothermally pretreated by HCl aqueous solution to achieve promising macropores, facilitating subsequently impregnating ferric nitrate and urea aqueous solution, the precursor of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. A Fe₃O₄/rice husk-based maco-/mesoporous carbon bone nanocomposite is finally prepared by the high-temperature hydrothermal treatment of the precursor-impregnated pretreated RHs at 600 °C followed by NaOH aqueous solution treatment for dissolving silica and producing mesopores. The macro-/mesopores are able to provide rapid lithium ion-transferring channels and accommodate the volumetric changes of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles during cycling as well. Besides, the macro-/mesoporous carbon bone can offer rapid electron-transferring channels through directly fluxing electrons between Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and carbon bone. As a result, this nanocomposite delivers a high initial reversible capacity of 918 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and a reversible capacity of 681 mAh g−1 remained after 200 cycles at 1.0 A g−1. The reversible capacities at high current densities of 5.0 and 10.0 A g−1 still remain at high values of 463 and 221 mAh g−1, respectively.