Observation of bioturbation and hyporheic flux in streambeds
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- 作者：Jinxi Song (1) (2)
Xunhong Chen (2) (3)
Cheng Cheng (2) - 关键词：invertebrate bioturbation ; clogging ; hyporheic exchange ; streambed ; the Elkhorn River
- 刊名：Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
- 出版年：2010
- 出版时间：September 2010
- 年：2010
- 卷：4
- 期：3
- 页码：340-348
- 全文大小：711KB
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Xunhong Chen (2) (3)
Cheng Cheng (2)
1. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi鈥檃n, 710127, China
2. School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0996, USA
3. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang鈥檃n University, Xi鈥檃n, 710054, China - ISSN：2095-221X
文摘
In the Elkhorn River, burrows, tubes, and sediment mounds created by invertebrate bioturbation were observed in the exposed streambed and commonly concentrated on the fine-sediment patches, which consist of silt, clay, and organic matter. These invertebrate activities could loosen the thin layer of clogging sediments and result in an increase of pore size in the sediments, leading to greater vertical hydraulic conductivity of the streambed (K v ). The measurements of the vertical hydraulic gradient across the submerged streambed show that vertical flux in the hyporheic zone can alter directions (upward versus downward) for two locations only a few meters apart. In situ permeameter tests show that streambed K v in the upper sediment layer is much higher than that in the lower sediment layer, and the calculated K v in the submerged streambed is consistently greater than that in the clogged sediments around the shorelines of the sand bars. Moreover, a phenomenon of gas bubble release at the water-sediment interface from the subsurface sediments was observed in the groundwater seepage zone where flow velocity is extremely small. The bursting of gas bubbles can potentially break the thin clogging layer of sediments and enhance the vertical hydraulic conductivity of the streambed.