Analyses of recent observations of Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Chinese Tianshan Mountains

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Puyu Wang ; Zhongqin Li ; Huilin Li ; Hongbing Yao ; Chunhai Xu…
• 关键词：Glacier change ; Ice thickness ; Mass balance ; Urumqi Glacier No. 1 ; Chinese Tianshan Mountains
• 刊名：Environmental Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：75
• 期：8
• 全文大小：3,703 KB
• 参考文献：Aizen VB, Kuzmichenok VA, Surazakov AB et al (2006) Glacier changes in the central and northern Tien Shan during the last 140 years based on surface and remote-sensing data. Ann Glaciol 43:202–213CrossRef
  Aizen VB, Kuzmichenok VA, Surazakov AB et al (2007) Glacier changes in the Tien Shan as determined from topographic and remotely sensed data. Glob Planet Change 56:328–340CrossRef
  Barry RG (2006) The status of research on glaciers and global glacier recession: a review. Prog Phys Geogr 30(3):285–306CrossRef
  Bolch T (2007) Climate change and glacier retreat in northern Tien Shan (Kazakhstan/Kyrgyzstan) using remote sensing data. Glob Planet Change 56:1–12CrossRef
  Braithwaite RJ, Raper SC, Candela R (2013) Recent changes (1991–2010) in glacier mass balance and air temperature in the European Alps. Ann Glaciol 54(63):139–146CrossRef
  Dyurgerov MB, Meier MF (1997) Year-to-year fluctuations of global mass balance of small glaciers and their contribution to sea-level changes. Arct Alp Res 29:392–402CrossRef
  Echelmeyer K, Wang ZX (1987) Direct observation of basal sliding and deformation of basal drift at sub-freezing temperatures. J Glaciol 33(113):83–98
  Glaciology and Geocryology Division, Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences (1965) Glaciological and hydrological studies in Urumqi River, Tianshan. Science Press, Tianshan
  Glen JW, Paren JG (1975) The electrical properties of snow and ice. J Glaciol 15:15–38
  Haeberli W, Cihlar J, Barry RG (2000) Glacier monitoring within the global climate observing system. Ann Glaciol 31:241–246CrossRef
  Han TD, Ding YJ, Ye BS, Liu SY, Jiao KQ (2006) Massbalance characteristics of Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Tien Shan, China. Ann Glaciol 43(6):323–328CrossRef
  IPCC (2013) The climate change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution of working group 1 to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on the climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
  Jing ZF, Jiao KQ, Yao TD, Wang NL, Li ZQ (2006) Mass balance and recession of Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Tianshan, China over the last 45 years. Ann Glaciol 43:214–217CrossRef
  Kang ES (1988) Review and prospect of Tianshan Glaciological Station. J Glaciol Geocryol 10(3):290–295
  Kaser G, Fountain A, Jansson P (2003) A manual for monitoring the mass balance of mountain glaciers. Technical Documents in Hydrology. UNESCO, Paris, 2003, No. 59
  Li ZQ (2011) The fifty years of stationary monitoring of glaciers in China. China Meteorological Press, Beijing
  Li ZQ, Ye BS (1998) Ten years of progress in the Tianshan Glaciological Station. J Glaciol Geocryol 20(3):280–286
  Li ZQ, Han TD, Jing ZF, Yang HA, Jiao KQ (2003) A summary of 40-year observed variation facts of climate and Glacier No. 1 at headwater of Urumqi River, Tianshan, China. J Glaciol Geocryol 25(2):117–123
  Li ZQ, Li KM, Wang L (2010a) Study on recent glacier changes and their impact on water resources in Xinjiang, north western China. Quatern Scie 30(1):96–106
  Li ZX, He YQ, Pu T, Jia WX, He XZ, Pang HX, Zhang NN, Liu Q, Wang SJ, Zhu GF, Wang SX, Chang L, Du JK, Xin HJ (2010b) Changes of climate, glaciers and runoff in China’s monsoonal temperate glacier region during the last several decades. Quatern Int 218:13–28CrossRef
  Li ZQ, Li HL, Chen YN (2011) Mechanisms and simulation of accelerated shrinkage of continental glaciers: a case study of Urumqi Glacier No. 1 in Eastern Tianshan, Central Asia. J Earth Sci 22(4):423–430CrossRef
  Li ZX, Feng Q, Liu W, Wang TT, Chen AF, Gao Y, Guo XY, Pan YH, Li JG, Guo R, Jia B (2014) Study on the contribution from Cryosphere to Runoff in the Cold Alpine Basin: a case study of Hulugou River Basin in the Qilian Mountains. Glob Planet Change 122:345–361CrossRef
  Liu CH, Xie ZC, Wang CZ (1997) A research on the mass balance processes of Glacier No. 1 at the headwaters of the Urumqi River, Tianshan Mountains. J Glaciol Geocryol 19(1):17–24
  Liu SY, Yao XJ, Guo WQ, Xu JL, Shangguan DH, Wei JF, Bao WJ, Wu LZ (2015) The contemporary glaciers in China based on the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory. Acta Geogr Sin 70(1):3–16
  Narod BB, Clarke GKC (1994) Miniature high-power impulse transmitter for radio-echo sounding. J Glaciol 40:190–194
  Paterson WSB (1994) The physics of glacier, 3rd edn. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 238–288CrossRef
  Qin DH (2012) Climate and environment changes in China, vol 1. Meteorology Press, Beijing
  Qin DH, Ding YJ (2009) Cryospheric changes and their impacts: present, trends and key issues. Adv Clim Change Res 5(4):187–195
  Robin GdeQ (1975) Velocity of radio waves in ice by means of a bore-hole interferometric technique. J Glaciol 15:151–159
  Sun B, He MB, Zhang P, Jiao KQ, Wen JH, Li YS (2003) Determination of ice thickness, sub-ice topography and ice volume at Glacier No. 1 in the Tianshan, China, by ground penetrating radar. Chin J Polar Res 15(1):35–44
  Tianshan Glaciological Station (2011) The Annual Report. Cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute. Chinese Academy of Sciences, vol 1–20
  Wang SJ, Zhang MJ, Li ZQ, Wang FT, Li HL, Li YJ, Huang XY (2011) Response of glacier area variation to climate change in Chinese Tianshan Mountains in the past 50 years. Acta Geogr Sin 66(1):38–46
  Wang PY, Li ZQ, Li HL, Wang WB, Yao HB (2014) Comparison of glaciological and geodetic mass balance at Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Tian Shan, Central Asia. Glob Planet Change 114:14–22CrossRef
  Xu XK, Pan BL, Hu E, Li YJ, Liang YH (2011) Responses of two branches of Glacier No. 1 to climate change from 1993 to 2005, Tianshan, China. Quatern Int 236:143–150CrossRef
  Zemp M (2006) Glaciers and climate change—spatio-temporal analysis of glacier fluctuations in the European Alps after 1850. Universität Zürich
  
• 作者单位：Puyu Wang (1)
  Zhongqin Li (1)
  Huilin Li (1)
  Hongbing Yao (2)
  Chunhai Xu (1)
  Ping Zhou (1)
  Shuang Jin (1)
  Wenbin Wang (1)
  
  1. State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Tianshan Glaciological Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
  2. College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：None Assigned
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1866-6299

文摘

As a reference glacier in the World Glacier Monitoring Service, Urumqi Glacier No. 1 is the best-observed glacier in China and provides the longest glaciological and climatological monitoring record. A topographic survey was carried out in 2012 using the real-time kinematic global positioning system. Glacier thickness was surveyed using ground penetrating radar in the same year. In addition, glacier terminus change and mass balance were surveyed every year until 2014. The glacier area was totally 1.59 km2, and the east and west branches occupied 1.02 and 0.57 km2 in 2012, respectively. The glacier area had decreased by 0.31 km2 from 1962 to 2012. Average ice thickness was 44.50 m in 2012 and had thinned by 0.34 m a−1 over 1981–2012. The shrinkage of this glacier is mainly due to climate warming, especially summer temperature rise. Topographic characteristics resulted in a difference in terminus retreat, thickness decrease, and area shrinkage between the east and west branches of this glacier. The analysis suggests that this glacier will possibly continue to shrink in future, at least in a coming decade, since it needs a response time to previous warming.