参考文献:1. Acland KM, Hay RJ, Groves R. Cutaneous infection with / Alternaria alternata complicating immunosuppression: successful treatment with itraconazole. Br J Dermatol. 1998;138:354-. CrossRef 2. Anaissie EJ, Bodey GP, Rinaldi MG. Emerging fungal pathogens. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1989;8:323-0. CrossRef 3. Coutinho I, Teixeira V, Gameiro A, Santiago F, Rodrigues L, Tomé R, Vieira R, Brites MM, Gon?alo M, Figueiredo A. Cutaneous alternariosis—a case series of an increasing phaeohyphomycosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;. doi:10.1111/jdv.12589 . 4. Yasui M, Hattori M, Ikegami N, Kaga M, Ogawa Y, Hiruma M. A case of alternariosis successfully treated with local hyperthermia. Mycoses. 2011;54:623-. CrossRef 5. Morales AM, Charlez L, Remón L, Sanz P, Aspiroz C. Cutaneous alternariosis in a heart transplant recipient. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2010;101:370-. CrossRef 6. Calabrò G, Nino M, Gallo L, Scalvenzi M. Cutaneous alternariosis in a kidney transplantation recipient: report of a case. J Dermatolog Treat. 2008;19:246-. CrossRef 7. Repiso T, Martin N, Huguet P, Luelmo J, Roca M, González-Castro U, Margarit C, Castells A. Cutaneous alternariosis in a liver transplant recipient. Clin Infect Dis. 1993;16:729-0. CrossRef 8. Matson DR, Eudy JD, Matson SC. Cutaneous alternariosis in an adolescent patient. Pediatr Dermatol. 2010;27:98-00. CrossRef 9. Ioannidou D, Maraki S, Krüger Krasagakis S, Stefanidou M, Krasagakis K, Alexandrakis M, Tosca A. Cutaneous alternariosis revealing acute myeloid leukaemia in an adult patient. Mycoses. 2004;47:227-0. CrossRef 10. Osmond GW, Walters RW, Puri PK. Cutaneous alternariosis microscopically mimicking blastomycosis. J Cutan Pathol. 2011;38:923-. CrossRef 11. Kleker B, Endo J, Bennett D, Snow S. Mohs micrographic surgery for the treatment of localized cutaneous alternariosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;68:55-. CrossRef 12. Romano C, Vanzi L, Massi D, Difonzo EM. Subcutaneous alternariosis. Mycoses. 2005;48:408-2. CrossRef 13. Sharifkashani B, Farshidpour M, Droudinia A, Marjani M, Ahmadi Z, Ansari Z, Mirhosseini M, Behzadnia N, Mansouri D, Tabarsi P. Cutaneous alternariosis with / Trichosporon infection in a heart transplant recipient: a case report. Exp Clin Transplant. 2013;11:464-. CrossRef 14. Williams C, Layton AM, Kerr K, Kibbler C, Barton RC. Cutaneous infection with an / Alternaria sp. in an immunocompetent host. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2008;33:440-. CrossRef 15. Luque P, García-Gil FA, Larraga J, Jiménez B, Tomé-Zelaya E, Serrano MT, Barrao ME. Treatment of cutaneous infection by / Alternaria alternata with voriconazole in a liver transplant patient. Transplant Proc. 2006;38:2514-. CrossRef 16. Gallelli B, Viviani M, Nebuloni M, Marzano AV, Pozzi C, Messa P, Fogazzi GB. Skin infection due to / Alternaria species in kidney allograft recipients: report of a new case and review of the literature. J Nephrol. 2006;19:668-2. 17. Akman A, Sakalli Cakcak D, Ozhak Baysan B, Yazisiz V, Terzioglu E, Ciftcioglu MA. Cutaneous alternariosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2007;16:993-.
A 28-year-old man presented at our clinic with 1-month history of an ulcer covered with crust on his left anterior tibia. Based on the morphological features and molecular identification, the patient was diagnosed as cutaneous alternariosis caused by Alternaria arborescens. He was successfully cured by oral itraconazole and topical use of 0.25?% liposomal amphotericin B. A review of published studies revealed 29 cases of cutaneous alternariosis. Most cases (90?%) occurred in immunosuppressed patients; itraconazole (59?%) and voriconazole (24?%) are the most effective treatments of choices.