Synthesis and Properties of Polyesters from Waste Grapeseed Oil: Comparison with Soybean and Rapeseed Oils
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- 作者：A. J. Clark ; A. H. Ross ; S. A. F. Bon
- 关键词：Grapeseed oil ; Polyester networks ; Mechanical properties ; Thermal properties ; Crosslink density
- 刊名：Journal of Polymers and the Environment
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：March 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：25
- 期：1
- 页码：1-10
- 全文大小：1046KB
- 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
- 刊物主题：Polymer Sciences;
- 出版者：Springer US
- ISSN：1572-8900
- 卷排序：25
文摘
The aim of this study was to investigate the application of grapeseed oil, a waste product from the wine industry, as a renewable feedstock to make polyesters and to compare the properties of these materials with those derived from soybean and rapeseed oils. All three oils were epoxidized to give renewable epoxy monomers containing between 3.8 and 4.7 epoxides per molecule. Polymerisation was achieved with cyclic anhydrides catalysed by 4-methyl imidazole at 170 and 210 °C. Polymers produced from methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (Aradur917®) had greater tensile strength and Young’s Modulus (tensile strength = 12.8 MPa, Young’s Modulus = 1005 MPa for grapeseed) than methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) derived materials (5.6 and 468 MPa for grapeseed) due to increased volume of MNA decreasing crosslink density. Soybean and grapeseed oils produced materials with higher tensile strength (5.6–29.3 MPa) than rapeseed derived polyesters (2.5–3.9 MPa) due to a higher epoxide functionality increasing crosslinking. Tg’s of the polyesters ranged from −36 to 62 °C and mirrored the trend in epoxide functionality with grapeseed producing higher Tg polymers (−17 to 17 °C) than soybean (−25 to 6 °C) and rapeseed (−36 to −27 °C). Grapeseed oil showed similar properties to soybean oil in terms of Tg, thermal degradation and Young’s Modulus but produced polymers of lower tensile strength. Therefore grapeseed oil would only be a viable substitute for soybean for low stress applications or where thermal properties are more important.