Examining the Interplay of Vagal Tone and Parenting as Predictors of Child Psychopathology.
详细信息
- 作者：Kiff ; Cara J.
- 学历：Doctor
- 年：2012
- 导师：Lengua,Liliana J.,eadvisorKing,Kevinecommittee memberMazza,Jamesecommittee memberMcCarty,Carolynecommittee memberRepacholi,Bettyecommittee memberMcMahon,Robertecommittee member
- 毕业院校：University of Washington
- Department：Psychology.
- ISBN：9781267697066
- CBH：3542151
- Country：USA
- 语种：English
- FileSize：593848
- Pages：93
文摘
Emotion dysregulation is a critical factor in the development of psychopathology Cicchetti,Ackerman,& Izard,1995),and deficits in emotion regulation are a core component of many psychiatric disorders DelCarmen-Wiggins,2008). Given its importance,understanding factors that contribute to the development of emotion dysregulation is essential for identifying mechanisms underlying the development of psychopathology. Rearing behaviors have been identified as key predictors of childrens emotional reactivity and regulation strategies Eisenberg,Cumberland,& Spinrad,1998) and potential targets of intervention. This study tested bidirectional relations between vagal tone,a physiological indicator of emotional reactivity,and parenting behaviors. More specifically,we examined how initial levels and changes in vagal tone predicted anxiety,depression,and disruptive behavior problems in young children,and how parenting shapes childrens vagal tone over time. In addition,childrens cognitive self-regulation was purported to interact with emotional reactivity,serving to amplify or mitigate the effects of emotional dysregulation. Thus,we considered how these processes might vary across levels of childrens self-regulation,identifying how executive control may moderate the relation of emotional reactivity to parenting and psychopathology. These hypotheses were tested using a sample of 305 3-year-old children and their mothers assessed across four time points,each separated by nine months. Childrens physiologic emotional reactivity and observations of maternal parenting were measured when children were 36-,45-,and 54-months old and were examined as predictors of psychopathology at 63-months of age. The results indicate that childrens vagal tone,as measured by Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia,did not predict the emergence of psychopathology. Instead,symptoms of anxiety,depression,and disruptive behavior problems persisted from early through late preschool. Further,initial levels and changes in vagal tone were predicted by childrens anxiety and depression symptoms at the start of the study. In addition,childrens executive control moderated the effect of initial vagal tone in shaping parenting. Specifically,children low in self-control elicited less maternal responsiveness,which persisted across time. Overall,these findings suggest that the mechanisms of developmental psychopathology are dynamic and complex. It is therefore important to account for dual components of regulation,emotional and executive,in shaping maternal behavior across time.