The Confucian Temples in Yuan dynasty: One part of Chinese education history (Chinese text).
详细信息
文摘
“Public school in the Confucian Temple” ( miaoxue) is the school that was built beside a Confucian Temple and was aimed at disseminating Confucianism. From the Tang Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty before western education system was introduced into China, public school in the Confucian Temple was an established system and it flourished through the long period of Chinese history. In this period the development of public education actually coincided with the development of public school in the Confucian Temple. Public school in the Confucian Temple in different dynasties promoted different schools of Confucianism which sought to explain the classics in their own opinion, so the history of public school in the Confucian Temple also was the history of the development of Confucian thought. Public school in Confucian Temple reflected many aspects of a society which in turn influenced the public school in the Confucian Temple. The Mongol rulers of the Yuan Dynasty hailed from a strong nomadic tribe. The situation of the public school in the Confucian Temple was a matter of great concern to the scholars. In that dynasty, conflict between nomadic culture and Confucian culture was unavoidable. The neo-Confucian ideology resisted the old one stubbornly for a long time, and the differences between the public schools in Southern China and Northern China remained apparent. At last, the primitive Mongolian religion was overshadowed by Confucianism and Confucius was respected as the ultimate sage. The neo-Confucian ideology was disseminating into North China slowly and intermittently, and many public schools in the Confucian Temple were built even in remote and undeveloped areas. The structure of Public school in Confucian Temple was settled, and some trivial rituals were replaced. In this way, we may regard the public school in the Confucian Temple in the Yuan Dynasty as representing the stage of adaptation, synthesis and culmination in its development since Tang Dynasty.;The public school in the Confucian Temple in the Yuan Dynasty is one part of the history of Confucian education, which provided a link between the Song and Jin Dynasties and the Ming Dynasty. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)