陕西古茶树种质资源表型性状遗传多样性研究
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摘要
古茶树种质资源研究和利用是我国茶树种质资源研究的新课题。为鉴定和评价陕西38份古茶树种质资源表型性状遗传多样性,利用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析方法对其表型性状遗传多样性进行研究和分析。结果表明,陕西38份古茶树种质资源6个主要表型性状(叶面积、叶形、叶色、叶身、叶面隆起性、叶片着生角度)变异丰富,不同性状间遗传多样性指数不同,遗传多样性指数在0.7934~0.9969之间,平均遗传多样性指数为0.8811;在欧氏距离10时可将陕西38份古茶树种质资源聚类为2大类群,但并没有严格按照地域聚类,而是按照表型性状遗传多样性进行聚类。研究结果表明,陕西汉中、安康等地古茶树种质资源表型性状变异丰富,具有较高的遗传多样性和选育优异茶树种质资源的潜力。
The research and utilization of the ancient tea germplasm resources were the new topic in the reasearch of the tea germplasm resources in China. In order to identify and evaluate the phenotypic traits diversity index of the 38 ancient tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi,the phenotypic traits diversity index was researched and analyzed with the methods of the correlation analysis,the principal compoent analysis and the clustering analysis in the paper. The results showed that,the diversity and variation of the six main phenotypic traits(leaf size,leaf shape,leaf colour,leaf cross section,leaf upper surface and leaf attitude)of the 38 ancient tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi was abundant,the diversity index among the main phenotypic traits was different,the diversity index was between 0.7934-0.9969,and the average diversity index reaching 0.8811;the 38 ancient tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi could clustered into two large groups at the euclidean distance of ten,they were clustered accordance with the phenotypic traits diversity index,were not in strict accordance with the regional cluster. The variation of the ancient tea germplasm resources in Hanzhong and Ankang of Shaanxi was abundant,possessing the high genetic diversity and breeding potential of the excellent tea germplasm resources to a certain extent.
The research and utilization of the ancient tea germplasm resources were the new topic in the reasearch of the tea germplasm resources in China. In order to identify and evaluate the phenotypic traits diversity index of the 38 ancient tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi,the phenotypic traits diversity index was researched and analyzed with the methods of the correlation analysis,the principal compoent analysis and the clustering analysis in the paper. The results showed that,the diversity and variation of the six main phenotypic traits(leaf size,leaf shape,leaf colour,leaf cross section,leaf upper surface and leaf attitude)of the 38 ancient tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi was abundant,the diversity index among the main phenotypic traits was different,the diversity index was between 0.7934-0.9969,and the average diversity index reaching 0.8811;the 38 ancient tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi could clustered into two large groups at the euclidean distance of ten,they were clustered accordance with the phenotypic traits diversity index,were not in strict accordance with the regional cluster. The variation of the ancient tea germplasm resources in Hanzhong and Ankang of Shaanxi was abundant,possessing the high genetic diversity and breeding potential of the excellent tea germplasm resources to a certain extent.
引文
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[23]李华锋,滕杰,杨家干,等.连南栽培型古茶树资源叶片表型性状遗传多样性及聚类分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(36):109-114.
[24]刘福桥,李强,戎玉廷,等.云南双江县古茶树种质资源的表型多样性[J].中国茶叶,2017(4):22-25.
[25]温顺位,徐代刚,刘学,等.铜仁市古茶树和野生茶树资源调查与保护利用[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(7):145-149.
[26]仝佳音,录丽平,马玉清,等.云南景迈山古茶资源现状的调查与分析[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(5):208-210.
[2]肖永绥.陕西茶树品种资源[J].作物品种资源,1986(4):13-15.
[3]程良斌.陕西省茶树品种资源调查[J].中国茶业,1992,14(6):32-33.
[4]胡歆.陕西茶树种质资源研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(1):51-52.
[5]潘庆.陕西茶树种质RAPD分析及珍稀茶树种质紫阳1号的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[6]李剑.陕西茶树种质资源鉴定与评价[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.
[7]蒋堃.陕西省高EGCG茶树种质资源筛选的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2010.
[8]李瑞.陕南茶区茶树种质资源的鉴定与评价[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[9]蒋国庆.陕南茶区引种茶树抗寒性比较分析[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[10]武艳.陕西茶树种质资源抗寒性评价及冷胁迫基因差异表达研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2012.
[11]陈熙.陕西茶树种质资源DNA指纹图谱构建[D].汉中:陕西理工大学,2016.
[12]汉中市茶叶学会.汉中茶业[M].西安:三秦出版社,2002.
[13]梁月荣,郑新强,陆建良,等.茶树遗传育种研究动态[J].茶叶,2016,42(1):1-5.
[14]梁月荣,乔如颖,郑新强,等.2014年度茶树育种技术发展报告[J].茶叶,2015,41(1):1-3.
[15]江昌俊.茶树育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[16]陈亮,杨亚军,虞富莲,等.茶树种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[17]Shannon C E,Weaver W.The mathem atical theory of communication[M].Urbana:University of Illinois Press,1994(9):3-14.
[18]蒋会兵,宋维希,矣兵,等.云南茶树种质资源的表型遗传多样性[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2000-2008.
[19]田甜,韦锦坚,韦持章,等.35份茶树种质资源农艺性状及生化成分多样性分析[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(5):797-804.
[20]黄海涛,王风雷,王贤波,等.鸠坑茶树资源芽叶表型性状的多样性分析[J].浙江农业科学,2013(3):251-254.
[21]俞文生,倪佳成,陈慧,等.茶树种质资源表型遗传多样性分析[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(25):40-42.
[22]李瑞,肖斌,宋红霞,等.50份茶树种质资源农艺性状及其聚类分析[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(10):107-111.
[23]李华锋,滕杰,杨家干,等.连南栽培型古茶树资源叶片表型性状遗传多样性及聚类分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(36):109-114.
[24]刘福桥,李强,戎玉廷,等.云南双江县古茶树种质资源的表型多样性[J].中国茶叶,2017(4):22-25.
[25]温顺位,徐代刚,刘学,等.铜仁市古茶树和野生茶树资源调查与保护利用[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(7):145-149.
[26]仝佳音,录丽平,马玉清,等.云南景迈山古茶资源现状的调查与分析[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(5):208-210.