2005-2015年哈尔滨市预防接种后过敏性皮疹监测分析

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英文篇名：Analysis of surveillance for anaphylactic rash after immunization in Harbin in 2005-2015 作者：高晓丽 ; 郑秀娟 ; 郭爽 ; 侯捷 ; 于洪媛 ; 李玺琨 ; 胡丽楠 英文作者：GAO Xiao-li;ZHENG Xiu-juan;GUO Shuang;HOU Jie;YU Hong-yuan;LI Xi-kun;HU Li-nan;Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention; 关键词：预防接种 ; 过敏性皮疹 ; 监测 英文关键词：Vaccination;;Anaphylactic rash;;Surveillance 中文刊名：XDYF 英文刊名：Modern Preventive Medicine 机构：黑龙江省哈尔滨市疾病预防控制中心; 出版日期：2019-02-25 出版单位：现代预防医学 年：2019 期：v.46 基金：黑龙江省卫生计生委科研课题(课题编号2017255) 语种：中文; 页：XDYF201904039 页数：5 CN：04 ISSN：51-1365/R 分类号：148-152

摘要

目的分析哈尔滨市接种疫苗后发生过敏性皮疹疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的特征,为规范监测报告、调查诊断与处置提供参考。方法通过哈尔滨市AEFI报告登记信息和全国AEFI信息管理系统收集2005-2015年报告中最终诊断为过敏性皮疹的个案数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果哈尔滨市2005-2015年共报告过敏性皮疹130例,报告发生率为6.96/100万剂;其中异常反应和偶合症分别为122例(93.85%)、8例(6.15%);男性高于女性;93例(71.53%)为2周岁以下婴幼儿;7-9月病例报告数略高;97例(74.62%)为第1剂接种,且多见于接种当天出疹,但不常伴发热;报告发生率居前3位的疫苗种类为:麻疹-风疹联合减毒活疫苗、乙脑减毒活疫苗、无细胞百白破疫苗。结论过敏性皮疹作为常见异常反应,起病急且原因复杂,需加强接种后24 h观察和护理;加强接种后过敏性皮疹AEFI监测敏感性,进一步规范调查诊断标准与处置。
        Objective To analyze the characteristics of AEFI after vaccination in Harbin, and provide reference for standardized monitoring report, investigation diagnosis and disposal. Methods Through the AEFI report registration information in Harbin and the national AEFI information management system, the AEFI case data and diagnosis of allergic skin rash case data were collected from 2005 to 2015; descriptive epidemiological method was used. Results A total of 130 cases of allergic rashes were reported in Harbin from 2005 to 2015, with a reported incidence of 6.96/1 million doses. There were 122 cases(93.85%) and 8 cases(6.15%) respectively. Males were higher than females; 93 cases(71.53%) were infants under 2 years old; the number of cases reported in July and September was slightly higher; 97 cases(74.62%) were inoculated with the first dose. It is more common in the day of inoculation, but not often with fever. The first three vaccine types were: Measles and Rubella Combined Attenuated Live Vaccine, Japanese Encephalitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,Diphtheria, Tetanus and Acellular Pertu. Conclusion As a common abnormal reaction, allergic rashes are very urgent and complicated, and need to be strengthened after inoculation for 24 h observation and nursing. It is essential to strengthen the sensitivity of AEFI after inoculation and further standardize the diagnosis criteria and treatment.

引文

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