分布式发电市场化环境下扶贫光伏布点定容双层优化模型研究
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摘要
大量扶贫光伏无序接入贫困地区的薄弱配电网,造成了电压越限、网损攀升和消纳难度大等多方面问题。针对该问题,在分布式发电市场化环境下,该文充分考虑扶贫光伏接入政策及规范约束,计及各扶贫村集体等利益主体的投建行为,建立扶贫光伏布点定容双层优化模型,下层以扶贫村集体收益最大为目标决策光伏投建容量,上层考虑电网公司多类型单目标运行决策光伏接入模式。采用卡罗需-库恩-塔克(KKT)条件转换方法将双层模型转换为单层模型,利用凸松弛技术实现非凸模型的近似求解。以某乡镇实际配电网系统进行算例分析,结果表明,采用布点定容优化模型的接入方案在提高扶贫村落经济收益、减少电网公司经济损失的同时还有效提升了电网运行水平,更大程度地接纳了光伏投建量,达到了"一举多赢"的效果。
A large number of Poverty Alleviation Photovoltaics(PVs) access to rural power distribution network disorderly,which has caused many troubles such as violating voltage limits,increasing network loss and difficulty in consumption. In view of these problems, a bi-level Locating and Sizing optimal model for poverty alleviation PVs is proposed. Basing on the marketization environment of distributed generation, the model includes policy constraints of poverty alleviation PVs and takes the investment behaviors of poor villages into account. The lower level model determines the PV installed capacity for the largest income of poor villages, while the upper level model makes decision on access modes for multiple targets of power grid corporations. The bi-level optimal model is transformed into a singel-level model by the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker(KKT) condition, and then an approximate solution of the model is obtained through the convex relaxation technique. Finally,simulation tests are carried out on an actual distribution network in a certain township. The results are as follows: The proposed scheme improves the income of poor villages and reduces the economic losses of grid corporations; at the same time it also effectively improves the grid operation level and more bearing capacity of PVs.
A large number of Poverty Alleviation Photovoltaics(PVs) access to rural power distribution network disorderly,which has caused many troubles such as violating voltage limits,increasing network loss and difficulty in consumption. In view of these problems, a bi-level Locating and Sizing optimal model for poverty alleviation PVs is proposed. Basing on the marketization environment of distributed generation, the model includes policy constraints of poverty alleviation PVs and takes the investment behaviors of poor villages into account. The lower level model determines the PV installed capacity for the largest income of poor villages, while the upper level model makes decision on access modes for multiple targets of power grid corporations. The bi-level optimal model is transformed into a singel-level model by the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker(KKT) condition, and then an approximate solution of the model is obtained through the convex relaxation technique. Finally,simulation tests are carried out on an actual distribution network in a certain township. The results are as follows: The proposed scheme improves the income of poor villages and reduces the economic losses of grid corporations; at the same time it also effectively improves the grid operation level and more bearing capacity of PVs.
引文
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[15]王雅平,林舜江,杨智斌,等.微电网多目标随机动态优化调度算法[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(10):2196-2207.Wang Yaping,Lin Shunjiang,Yang Zhibin,et al.Multi-objective stochastic dynamic optimal dispatch algorithm of microgrid[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(10):2196-2207.
[16]李佳琪,陈健,张文,等.高渗透率光伏配电网中电池储能系统综合运行控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2019,34(2):437-446.Li Jiaqi,Chen Jian,Zhang Wen,et al.Integrated control strategy for battery energy storage systems in distribution networks with high photovoltaic penetration[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2019,34(2):437-446.
[17]刘洪,范博宇,唐翀,等.基于博弈论的主动配电网扩展规划与光储选址定容交替优化[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(23):38-45.Liu Hong,Fan Boyu,Tang Chong,et al.Game theory based alternate optimization between expansion planning of active distribution system and siting and sizing of photovoltaic and energy storage[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(23):38-45.
[18]管霖,赵琦,周保荣,等.基于多尺度聚类分析的光伏功率特性建模及预测应用[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):24-30.Guan Lin,Zhao Qi,Zhou Baorong,et al.Multi-scale clustering analysis based modeling of photovoltaic power characteristics and its application in prediction[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):24-30.
[19]国家发改委.关于印发《可再生能源发电全额保障性收购管理办法》的通知(发改能源[2016]625号)[Z]2016.
[20]国家电网公司.国家电网公司配电网工程典型设计分布式光伏扶贫项目接网工程典型设计[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2016.
[21]Romero-Ramos E,Riquelme-Santos J,Reyes J.Asimpler and exact mathematical model for the computation of the minimal power losses tree[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2010,80(5):562-571.
[22]Capitanescu F,Bilibin I,Ramos E R.A comprehensive centralized approach for voltage constraints management in active distribution grid[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2014,29(2):933-942.
[23]张艺镨,艾小猛,方家琨,等.基于极限场景的两阶段含分布式电源的配网无功优化[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(2):380-389.Zhang Yipu,Ai Xiaomeng,Fang Jiakun,et al.Twostage reactive power optimization for distribution network with distributed generation based on extreme scenarios[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(2):380-389.
[24]国土资源部.关于发布《光伏发电站工程项目用地控制指标》的通知(国土资规[2015]11号)[Z].2015.
[2]国家发改委,国家能源局.关于开展分布式发电市场化交易试点的通知(发改能源[2017]1901号)[Z]2017.
[3]国家发改委,国务院扶贫办.关于实施光伏发电扶贫工作的意见(发改能源[2016]621号)[Z].2016.
[4]国家能源局,国务院扶贫办.关于印发《光伏扶贫电站管理办法》的通知(国能发新能[2018]29号)[Z]2018.
[5]国务院扶贫办.关于印发《村级光伏扶贫电站收益分配管理办法》的通知(国开办发[2017]61号)[Z]2017.
[6]贾清泉,赵美超,孙玲玲,等.主动配电网中计及时序性与相关性的分布式光伏并网规划[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(6):1719-1728,1908.Jia Qingquan,Zhao Meichao,Sun Lingling,et al.Planning for grid-connection of distributed PVs considering the sequential feature and correlation in active distribution network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(6):1719-1728,1908.
[7]周贤正,陈玮,郭创新.考虑供能可靠性与风光不确定性的城市多能源系统规划[J].电工技术学报,2019,DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.180945.Zhou Xianzheng,Chen Wei,Guo Chuangxin.An urban multi-energy system planning method incorporating energy supply reliability and windphotovoltaic generators uncertainty[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2019,DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.180945.
[8]孙玲玲,赵美超,王宁,等.基于电压偏差机会约束的分布式光伏发电准入容量研究[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(7):1560-1569.Sun Lingling,Zhao Meichao,Wang Ning,et al.Research of permitted capacity of distributed photovoltaic generation based on voltage deviation chance constrained[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(7):1560-1569.
[9]刘磊,林金福,刘夫勇.基于随机潮流的配电网最大光伏接入能力与影响分析[J].电气技术,2018,19(7):15-20.Liu Lei,Lin Jinfu,Liu Fuyong.Analysis of maximum photovoltaic integrated capacity and its influences on distribution networks based on probabilistic load flow[J].Electrical Engineering,2018,19(7):15-20.
[10]王宣定,吴文传,刘镭,等.基于多参数规划的主动配电网分布式光伏容量评估方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180315006.Wang Xuanding,Wu Wenchuan,Liu Lei,et al.Amultiparametric programming based DG capacity evaluation method for active distribution systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180315006.
[11]杨书强,郭力,刘娇扬,等.应用场景压缩和计及电压调节策略的光伏接入规划[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):31-38.Yang Shuqiang,Guo Li,Liu Jiaoyang,et al.Photovoltaic access planning based on scenario compression and voltage regulation strategy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):31-38.
[12]李秋平.考虑分布式光伏接入的配网联络开关的优化布置研究[J].电气技术,2016,17(7):83-86.Li Qiuping.Optimal layout of PV consider access to the distribution network of distributed contact switch[J].Electrical Engineering,2016,17(7):83-86.
[13]李滨,梁宇帆,祝靖,等.一种分布式光伏选线定容的二阶锥规划方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(10):113-122.Li Bin,Liang Yufan,Zhu Jing,et al.A second-order cone programming method of feeder-selecting and sizing for distributed photovoltaic[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(10):113-122.
[14]韩晓娟,王丽娜,高僮,等.基于成本和效益分析的并网光储微网系统电源规划[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(14):31-39.Han Xiaojuan,Wang Lina,Gao Tong,et al.Generation planning of grid-connected micro-grid system with PV and batteries storage system based on cost and benefit analysis[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(14):31-39.
[15]王雅平,林舜江,杨智斌,等.微电网多目标随机动态优化调度算法[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(10):2196-2207.Wang Yaping,Lin Shunjiang,Yang Zhibin,et al.Multi-objective stochastic dynamic optimal dispatch algorithm of microgrid[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(10):2196-2207.
[16]李佳琪,陈健,张文,等.高渗透率光伏配电网中电池储能系统综合运行控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2019,34(2):437-446.Li Jiaqi,Chen Jian,Zhang Wen,et al.Integrated control strategy for battery energy storage systems in distribution networks with high photovoltaic penetration[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2019,34(2):437-446.
[17]刘洪,范博宇,唐翀,等.基于博弈论的主动配电网扩展规划与光储选址定容交替优化[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(23):38-45.Liu Hong,Fan Boyu,Tang Chong,et al.Game theory based alternate optimization between expansion planning of active distribution system and siting and sizing of photovoltaic and energy storage[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(23):38-45.
[18]管霖,赵琦,周保荣,等.基于多尺度聚类分析的光伏功率特性建模及预测应用[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):24-30.Guan Lin,Zhao Qi,Zhou Baorong,et al.Multi-scale clustering analysis based modeling of photovoltaic power characteristics and its application in prediction[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):24-30.
[19]国家发改委.关于印发《可再生能源发电全额保障性收购管理办法》的通知(发改能源[2016]625号)[Z]2016.
[20]国家电网公司.国家电网公司配电网工程典型设计分布式光伏扶贫项目接网工程典型设计[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2016.
[21]Romero-Ramos E,Riquelme-Santos J,Reyes J.Asimpler and exact mathematical model for the computation of the minimal power losses tree[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2010,80(5):562-571.
[22]Capitanescu F,Bilibin I,Ramos E R.A comprehensive centralized approach for voltage constraints management in active distribution grid[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2014,29(2):933-942.
[23]张艺镨,艾小猛,方家琨,等.基于极限场景的两阶段含分布式电源的配网无功优化[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(2):380-389.Zhang Yipu,Ai Xiaomeng,Fang Jiakun,et al.Twostage reactive power optimization for distribution network with distributed generation based on extreme scenarios[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(2):380-389.
[24]国土资源部.关于发布《光伏发电站工程项目用地控制指标》的通知(国土资规[2015]11号)[Z].2015.