深部煤层底板破坏特征分析
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摘要
为研究深部煤层底板破坏特征,结合74组华北型石炭二叠系煤层底板破坏深度实测数据,通过构建的数学模型分析深部煤层底板破坏规律与浅部的差异性,确定出深浅部煤层底板破坏规律的分界点。在此基础上,运用灰色关联分析法对比分析了深浅部煤层底板破坏深度主控因素的影响权重顺序,从煤层底板采动应力变化的角度探索深部煤层底板的破坏机理。研究表明:埋深介于416～442 m之间时,深浅部煤层底板破坏规律的相关系数较小,即浅部煤层底板破坏规律与深部煤层底板破坏规律差距较大;而偏离此区间时,相关系数则增大。浅部煤层底板破坏深度受工作面开采尺寸的影响较大,而深部煤层底板由于采动应力较大的变化幅度,增加了煤层底板卸荷破坏的可能性,导致深部煤层底板破坏深度受埋深的影响较大。
In order to analyze failure law in the deep coal seam floor, using 74 groups of Carboniferous Permian coal seam floor damage depth measured data, the differences between the deep coal seam floor fracture regularity and the shallow coal seam floor fracture regularity were analyzed by the mathematical analyses. The demarcation point of the deep coal seam floor's fracture regularity and shallow coal seam floor's fracture regularity was defined. Based on such results, the weight of controlling factors on failure depth in a deep coal seam floor and shallow coal seam floor were analyzed by using the grey correlation analysis. The orders of controlling factors on failure depth deep coal seam floor and shallow coal seam floor were obtained. The mechanism of deep coal seam floor failure law was explored from the coal seam floor mining stress variation. The result showed that the correlation coefficient between the deep coal seam floor's fracture regularity and shallow coal seam floor's fracture regularity was smaller with the burial depth from 416 m to 442 m. Otherwise, the correlation coefficient was lager. The mining scale of working face had remarkable influence on shallow coal seam floor failure depth. The possibility of coal seam floor corruption was increased by the larger range of mining stress variation of deep coal seam floor. The buried depth had great influence on deep coal seam floor failure depth.
In order to analyze failure law in the deep coal seam floor, using 74 groups of Carboniferous Permian coal seam floor damage depth measured data, the differences between the deep coal seam floor fracture regularity and the shallow coal seam floor fracture regularity were analyzed by the mathematical analyses. The demarcation point of the deep coal seam floor's fracture regularity and shallow coal seam floor's fracture regularity was defined. Based on such results, the weight of controlling factors on failure depth in a deep coal seam floor and shallow coal seam floor were analyzed by using the grey correlation analysis. The orders of controlling factors on failure depth deep coal seam floor and shallow coal seam floor were obtained. The mechanism of deep coal seam floor failure law was explored from the coal seam floor mining stress variation. The result showed that the correlation coefficient between the deep coal seam floor's fracture regularity and shallow coal seam floor's fracture regularity was smaller with the burial depth from 416 m to 442 m. Otherwise, the correlation coefficient was lager. The mining scale of working face had remarkable influence on shallow coal seam floor failure depth. The possibility of coal seam floor corruption was increased by the larger range of mining stress variation of deep coal seam floor. The buried depth had great influence on deep coal seam floor failure depth.
引文
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[18]陈从磊,姚多喜,赵魁,等.基于灰色神经网络预测青东矿10煤层底板破坏深度[J].煤炭技术,2012,31(11):49-51.CHEN Conglei,YAO Duoxi,ZHAO Kui,et al.Floor10 damage depth of green east coal mine based on grey neural network[J].Coal Technology,2012,31(11):49-51.
[19]范书凯,武强,崔海明,等.新集二矿1煤层底板破坏深度模拟研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2012,39(4):9-11.FAN Shukai,WU Qiang,CUI Haiming,et al.Simulation study on failure depth of No.1 seam floor in Xinji No.2mine[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2012,39(4):9-11.
[20]王健.综采面煤层底板破坏深度的研究[C]//中国煤炭学会矿井地质专业委员会2008年学术论坛文集.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008:175-179.
[21]黄莲莲,张正培,陈琛.煤层底板导水破坏深度的灰色BP神经网络预算模型[J].露天采矿技术,2011,26(2):6-8.HUANG Lianlian,ZHANG Zhengpei,CHEN Chen.Aforecasting model based on grey BP neural network for seam floor failure depth[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2011,26(2):6-8.
[22]何廷峻.利用跨采石门测试煤层底板破坏深度[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003,20(3):103-105.HE Tingjun.Test on coal seams floor destroyed depth by crossover mining cross-cut[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,2003,20(3):103-105.
[23]于小鸽,韩进,施龙青,等.基于BP神经网络的底板破坏深度预测[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(6):731-736.YU Xiaoge,HAN Jin,SHI Longqing,et al.Forecast of destroyed floor depth based on BP neural networks[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(6):731-736.
[24]于小鸽.采场损伤底板破坏深度研究[D].山东:山东科技大学,2011.
[25]刘恩峰,郭天邦,党耀国,等.灰色系统理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:75-79.
[26]张风达,申宝宏,康永华.考虑卸荷作用的底板突水破坏机制研究[J].岩石力学,2016,37(2):431-438.ZHANG Fengda,SHEN Baohong,KANG Yonghua.Water inrush failure mechanism of mining floor under unloading effect[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(2):431-438.
[27]赵延林,曹平,林航,等.渗透压作用下压剪岩石裂纹流变断裂贯通机制及破坏准则探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(4):511-517.ZHAO Yanlin,CAO Ping,LIN Hang,et al.Rheologic fracture mechanism and failure criterion of rock cracks under compressive-shear load with seepage pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(4):511-517.
[2]谢和平,周宏伟,薛东杰,等.煤炭深部开采与极限开采深度的研究与思考[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(4):535-542.XIE Heping,ZHOU Hongwei,XUE Dongjie,et al.Research and consideration on deep coal mining and critical mining depth[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(4):535-542.
[3]钱七虎.深部岩体工程响应的特征科学现象及“深部”的界定[J].华东理工学院学报,2004,27(1):1-5.QIAN Qihu.The characteristic scientific phenomena of engineering response to deep rock mass and the implication of deepness[J].Journal of East China Institue of technology,2004,27(1):1-5.
[4]何满潮.深部的概念体系及工程评价指标[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2854-2858.HE Manchao.Conception system and evaluation indexes for deep engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2854-2858.
[5]李铁,蔡美峰,纪洪广.抚顺煤田深部开采临界深度的定量判别[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(3):363-367.LI Tie,CAI Meifeng,JI Hongguang.Quantitative discrimination of critical depth in deep exploration in Fushun coalfield[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(3):363-367.
[6]蓝航,陈东科,毛德兵.我国煤矿深部开采现状及灾害防治分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):39-46.LAN Hang,CHEN Dongke,MAO Debing.Current status of deep mining and disaster prevention in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):39-46.
[7]张文泉,孙明,安伟,等.基于模糊神经网络的深井底板突水判别研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2009,19(12):61-65.ZHANG Wenquan,SUN Ming,AN Wei,et al.Study on the discrimination of water inrush from deep well floor based on fuzzy neural network[J].China Safety Science Journal,2009,19(12):61-65.
[8]许延春,杨扬.大埋深煤层底板破坏深度统计公式及适用性分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,14(9):129-132.XU Yanchun,YANG Yang.Applicability analysis on statistical formula for failure depth of coal seam floor in deep mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,14(9):129-132.
[9]蒋勤明.大采深工作面煤层底板采动破坏深度测试[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(4):30-33.JIANG Qinming.Coal floor strata failure depth test of working face at big mining depth[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2009,37(4):30-33.
[10]田干.深部煤层开采底板突水地应力控制机理研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2015.
[11]吴基文,姜振泉,孙本魁.煤层底板采动效应及其工程应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2011:172-173.
[12]朱英.华北地块的大地构造和鞍山式铁矿的分布规律[J].物探与化探,1979,3(1):1-3.
[13]张风达.深部煤层底板变形破坏机理及突水评价方法研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.
[14]胡炳南,张华兴,申宝宏.建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采指南[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2017:40-41.
[15]段宏飞.煤矿底板采动变形及带压开采突水评判方法研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2012.
[16]高召宁,孟祥瑞,赵光明.煤层底板变形与破坏规律直流电阻率CT探测[J].重庆大学学报,2011,34(8):90-96.GAO Zhaoning,MENG Xiangrui,ZHAO Guangming.DC electrical resistivity CT survey of deformation and damage law of coal floor[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2011,34(8):90-96.
[17]施龙青,徐东晶,邱梅,等.采场底板破坏深度计算公式的改进[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(增刊2):299-303.SHI Longqing,XU Dongjing,QIU Mei,et al.Improved on the formula about the depth of damaged floor in working area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(Sup 2):299-303.
[18]陈从磊,姚多喜,赵魁,等.基于灰色神经网络预测青东矿10煤层底板破坏深度[J].煤炭技术,2012,31(11):49-51.CHEN Conglei,YAO Duoxi,ZHAO Kui,et al.Floor10 damage depth of green east coal mine based on grey neural network[J].Coal Technology,2012,31(11):49-51.
[19]范书凯,武强,崔海明,等.新集二矿1煤层底板破坏深度模拟研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2012,39(4):9-11.FAN Shukai,WU Qiang,CUI Haiming,et al.Simulation study on failure depth of No.1 seam floor in Xinji No.2mine[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2012,39(4):9-11.
[20]王健.综采面煤层底板破坏深度的研究[C]//中国煤炭学会矿井地质专业委员会2008年学术论坛文集.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008:175-179.
[21]黄莲莲,张正培,陈琛.煤层底板导水破坏深度的灰色BP神经网络预算模型[J].露天采矿技术,2011,26(2):6-8.HUANG Lianlian,ZHANG Zhengpei,CHEN Chen.Aforecasting model based on grey BP neural network for seam floor failure depth[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2011,26(2):6-8.
[22]何廷峻.利用跨采石门测试煤层底板破坏深度[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003,20(3):103-105.HE Tingjun.Test on coal seams floor destroyed depth by crossover mining cross-cut[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,2003,20(3):103-105.
[23]于小鸽,韩进,施龙青,等.基于BP神经网络的底板破坏深度预测[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(6):731-736.YU Xiaoge,HAN Jin,SHI Longqing,et al.Forecast of destroyed floor depth based on BP neural networks[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(6):731-736.
[24]于小鸽.采场损伤底板破坏深度研究[D].山东:山东科技大学,2011.
[25]刘恩峰,郭天邦,党耀国,等.灰色系统理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:75-79.
[26]张风达,申宝宏,康永华.考虑卸荷作用的底板突水破坏机制研究[J].岩石力学,2016,37(2):431-438.ZHANG Fengda,SHEN Baohong,KANG Yonghua.Water inrush failure mechanism of mining floor under unloading effect[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(2):431-438.
[27]赵延林,曹平,林航,等.渗透压作用下压剪岩石裂纹流变断裂贯通机制及破坏准则探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(4):511-517.ZHAO Yanlin,CAO Ping,LIN Hang,et al.Rheologic fracture mechanism and failure criterion of rock cracks under compressive-shear load with seepage pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(4):511-517.
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