平茬对荒漠草原区人工柠条林地土壤理化性质的影响
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摘要
平茬措施是提高柠条林地生产力的主要方式,研究平茬措施对人工柠条林地土壤性质的影响,对科学种植人工柠条林具有重要的理论与实践意义。本文以林龄为6a的人工柠条林地为研究对象,通过实验室测定其平茬前后土壤机械组成、水分、pH值、有机碳、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量的变化,采用相关分析法分析了平茬前后土壤机械组成与土壤因子之间的相关性。结果表明:平茬措施对人工柠条林地土壤理化性质改变产生积极的影响,平茬后土壤pH值和容重下降,砂粒含量减少,粉、粘粒含量增加,0～5cm土层有机碳和全氮的含量升高,0～40cm土层土壤水分含量增加,人工柠条林耗水量减少。
Prune measure is the main way to improve forest productivity of Caragana intermedia.Researching the effects of pruning measure on soil properties of artificial Caragana intermedia forest has important theoretical and practical significance for scientific planting artificial Caragana intermedia in desert steppe.6 years age artificial Caragana intermediaforest was taken as a study object.The soil mechanical composition,water content,pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available potassium and available phosphorus at the soil depth of zero to forty centimeters were measured and the relationship between soil mechanical composition and soil factors was analyzed using the correlation analysis method before and after the artificial Caragana intermedia brushes had been pruned.The results showed that the prune measure had a positive effect on improving the soil physical and chemical properties of artificial Caragana intermediaforest.After the bushes had been pruned,the soil pH and the soil bulk density had been descended,the soil silt grains and clay grains had been increased instead.At the same time,it had increased the water content of 0～40 cm soil layer.The water consumption of artificial Caragana intermedia forest had been decreased.
Prune measure is the main way to improve forest productivity of Caragana intermedia.Researching the effects of pruning measure on soil properties of artificial Caragana intermedia forest has important theoretical and practical significance for scientific planting artificial Caragana intermedia in desert steppe.6 years age artificial Caragana intermediaforest was taken as a study object.The soil mechanical composition,water content,pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available potassium and available phosphorus at the soil depth of zero to forty centimeters were measured and the relationship between soil mechanical composition and soil factors was analyzed using the correlation analysis method before and after the artificial Caragana intermedia brushes had been pruned.The results showed that the prune measure had a positive effect on improving the soil physical and chemical properties of artificial Caragana intermediaforest.After the bushes had been pruned,the soil pH and the soil bulk density had been descended,the soil silt grains and clay grains had been increased instead.At the same time,it had increased the water content of 0～40 cm soil layer.The water consumption of artificial Caragana intermedia forest had been decreased.
引文
[1]吕桂芬,吴永胜,李浩,等.荒漠草原不同退化阶段土壤微生物、土壤养分及酶活性的研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(1):104-109
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[12]于文涛.平茬措施对柠条生理特征及其土壤理化性质的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016:24-34
[13]李耀林,郭忠升.平茬对半干旱黄土丘陵区柠条林地土壤水分的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(10):2727-2736
[14]周静静,马红彬,周瑶,等.荒漠草原不同带间距人工柠条林平茬对林间生境的影响[J].草业学报,2017,25(5):40-50
[15]周静静,马红彬,蔡育蓉,等.平茬时期与留茬高度对宁夏荒漠草原柠条营养成分和再生的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(2):287-293
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[17]Zhao H L,Zhou R L,Su Y Z,et al.Shrub facilitation of desert land restoration in the Horqin sand land of Inner Mongolia[J].Ecological Enineering,2007,31:1-8
[18]Su Y Z,Zhang T H,Li Y L,et al.Changes in soil properties after establishment of Artemisia halodendron and Cragana microphylla on shifting sand dunes in semiarid Horqin sandy land,northern China[J].Environmental Management,2005,36:272-281
[19]苏永中,赵哈林,张铜会.几种灌木、半灌木对沙地土壤肥力影响机制的研究[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(7):802-806
[20]Cao C Y,Jiang D M,Teng X H,et al.Soil chemical and microbiological properties along a chronosequence of Caragana microphylla Lam.Plantations in the Horqin sandy land of northeast China[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2008,40:78-85
[21]王炜炜.盐池县沙地灌丛人工植被配置对土壤风蚀影响机理研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2008:47-48
[22]曹成有,蒋德明,全贵静,等.科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿人工固沙区土壤理化性质的变化[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(6):108-112
[23]苏永忠,赵哈林,张铜会,等.科尔沁沙地不同年代小叶锦鸡儿人工林植物群落特征及其土壤特性[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(1):93-100
[24]曲卫东,陈云明,王琳琳,等.黄土丘陵区柠条人工林土壤有机碳动态及其影响因子[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(4):72-77
[25]苏永中,赵哈林,文海燕.退化沙质草地开垦和封育对土壤理化性状的影响[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(4):5-9
[26]Ohyama T,Harper J E.Effects of shoot removal on N2fixation and assimilation in nodulation mutant and wide-type soybean[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,1991,37:471-476
[27]Ofosu-Budu K G,Sanecka H,Fujita K.Analysis of factors controlling dinitrogen fixation and nitrogen release in soybean using pod removal stem girdling and defoliation[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,1995,41:407-416
[28]Su Y Z,Zhao H L.Soil properties and plant species in an age sequence of Caragana microphylla plantations in the Horqin sandy land,north China[J].Ecological Engineering,2003,20:223-235
[2]丁勇,侯向阳,吴新宏,等.气候变化背景下草原生态系统研究热点探讨[J].中国草地学报,2013,35(5):124-132
[3]Jiang Q,Li S B,Pan Z B,et al.Evaluations on construction of artificial Caragana intermediato improved effects of degenerated sandland[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,20(4):23-27
[4]唐庄生,安慧,上官周平.荒漠草原沙漠化对土壤养分与植被根冠比的影响[J].草地学报,2015,23(3):463-468
[5]许新忠,许冬梅.宁夏荒漠草原自然恢复演替过程中生态效应的评价[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(23):11781-11783
[6]宋乃平,杨新国,何秀珍,等.荒漠草原人工柠条林重建的土壤养分效应[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(4):21-26
[7]陈林,杨新国,翟德苹,等.柠条秸秆和地膜覆盖对土壤水分和玉米产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):108-116
[8]邵新庆,石永红,韩建国,等.典型草原自然演替过程中土壤理化性质动态变化[J].草地学报,2008,16(6):565-571.
[9]杨永胜,卜崇峰,高国雄.平茬措施对柠条生理特征及土壤水分的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(4):1327-1336
[10]张海娜.柠条锦鸡儿平茬后补偿生长的生理生态机制[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2011:18-21
[11]郑士光,贾黎明,庞琪伟,等.平茬对柠条林地根系数量和分布的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(3):64-69
[12]于文涛.平茬措施对柠条生理特征及其土壤理化性质的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016:24-34
[13]李耀林,郭忠升.平茬对半干旱黄土丘陵区柠条林地土壤水分的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(10):2727-2736
[14]周静静,马红彬,周瑶,等.荒漠草原不同带间距人工柠条林平茬对林间生境的影响[J].草业学报,2017,25(5):40-50
[15]周静静,马红彬,蔡育蓉,等.平茬时期与留茬高度对宁夏荒漠草原柠条营养成分和再生的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(2):287-293
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:30-34,81-82,22-24
[17]Zhao H L,Zhou R L,Su Y Z,et al.Shrub facilitation of desert land restoration in the Horqin sand land of Inner Mongolia[J].Ecological Enineering,2007,31:1-8
[18]Su Y Z,Zhang T H,Li Y L,et al.Changes in soil properties after establishment of Artemisia halodendron and Cragana microphylla on shifting sand dunes in semiarid Horqin sandy land,northern China[J].Environmental Management,2005,36:272-281
[19]苏永中,赵哈林,张铜会.几种灌木、半灌木对沙地土壤肥力影响机制的研究[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(7):802-806
[20]Cao C Y,Jiang D M,Teng X H,et al.Soil chemical and microbiological properties along a chronosequence of Caragana microphylla Lam.Plantations in the Horqin sandy land of northeast China[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2008,40:78-85
[21]王炜炜.盐池县沙地灌丛人工植被配置对土壤风蚀影响机理研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2008:47-48
[22]曹成有,蒋德明,全贵静,等.科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿人工固沙区土壤理化性质的变化[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(6):108-112
[23]苏永忠,赵哈林,张铜会,等.科尔沁沙地不同年代小叶锦鸡儿人工林植物群落特征及其土壤特性[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(1):93-100
[24]曲卫东,陈云明,王琳琳,等.黄土丘陵区柠条人工林土壤有机碳动态及其影响因子[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(4):72-77
[25]苏永中,赵哈林,文海燕.退化沙质草地开垦和封育对土壤理化性状的影响[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(4):5-9
[26]Ohyama T,Harper J E.Effects of shoot removal on N2fixation and assimilation in nodulation mutant and wide-type soybean[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,1991,37:471-476
[27]Ofosu-Budu K G,Sanecka H,Fujita K.Analysis of factors controlling dinitrogen fixation and nitrogen release in soybean using pod removal stem girdling and defoliation[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,1995,41:407-416
[28]Su Y Z,Zhao H L.Soil properties and plant species in an age sequence of Caragana microphylla plantations in the Horqin sandy land,north China[J].Ecological Engineering,2003,20:223-235