大岗山亚热带常绿阔叶林16种木本植物功能性状的变异特征
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摘要
以大岗山亚热带常绿阔叶林的16种木本植物(11种常绿,5种落叶)为研究对象,探讨叶面积、比根长、木质部密度、叶氮含量等15个功能性状在种间和种内的变异特征.研究结果表明:不同功能性状的变异程度存在很大差异,比叶面积、比根长及各构件的N、P含量的变异较大(24. 38%～55. 60%),其次是各构件的组织密度(23. 00%～28. 80%),各构件的C含量变异程度最低(9. 29%～11. 00%);不同功能性状的变异来源存在很大差异,结构性状变异主要来源于个体水平(高于50%),而化学性状的变异主要来源于物种水平(高于50%),植物各构件的C含量种间变异高于70%,只有比叶面积、叶N和P含量在生活型水平上有较大变异(29. 94%、14. 74%、63. 09%).植物功能性状的种内变异是普遍存在的,但不同功能性状的种内变异程度存在差异.
To explore the interspecific and intraspecific variation characteristics of 15 common functional traits,such as specific leaf area(SLA),specific root length(SRL), wood density(WD) and leaf nitrogen concentration(LN),We surveyed 16 main woody plants(11 evergreen trees,5 deciduous trees) in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest of Dagang mountain. The results show that the variation degree of different functional traits was different. Specific leaf area(SLA),specific root length(SRL) and the N,P content of each component has the largest variations(24. 38% ～ 55. 60%),followed by the tissue density of each component(23. 00% ～ 28. 80%),and the variation degree of carbon content is the lowest(9. 29% ～ 11. 00%). The variation sources of different functional traits vary widely. The variation of structural traits mainly comes from the individual level(over 50%),while the variation of chemical traits is mainly derived from the species level(over 50%). The carbon content of interspecific variation is higher than 70% in each component of plant. Only the specific leaf area,leaf N and P content had significant variation at the life form level(evergreen or deciduous) level(29. 94%,14. 74%,and 63. 09%). Interspecific variation of plant functional traits is ubiquitous,but degree is different.
To explore the interspecific and intraspecific variation characteristics of 15 common functional traits,such as specific leaf area(SLA),specific root length(SRL), wood density(WD) and leaf nitrogen concentration(LN),We surveyed 16 main woody plants(11 evergreen trees,5 deciduous trees) in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest of Dagang mountain. The results show that the variation degree of different functional traits was different. Specific leaf area(SLA),specific root length(SRL) and the N,P content of each component has the largest variations(24. 38% ～ 55. 60%),followed by the tissue density of each component(23. 00% ～ 28. 80%),and the variation degree of carbon content is the lowest(9. 29% ～ 11. 00%). The variation sources of different functional traits vary widely. The variation of structural traits mainly comes from the individual level(over 50%),while the variation of chemical traits is mainly derived from the species level(over 50%). The carbon content of interspecific variation is higher than 70% in each component of plant. Only the specific leaf area,leaf N and P content had significant variation at the life form level(evergreen or deciduous) level(29. 94%,14. 74%,and 63. 09%). Interspecific variation of plant functional traits is ubiquitous,but degree is different.
引文
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[24] POORTER L,WRIGHT S J,PAZ H,et al. Are functional traits good predictors of demographic rates? Evidence from five Neotropical forests[J]. Ecology,2008,89(7):1908-1920.
[25] CHAVE J,COOMES D,JANSEN S,et al. Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum[J]. Ecology Letters,2009,12(4):351-366.
[26] KLOEKE AEEVO,DOUMA J C,ORDOEZ J C,et al. Global quantification of contrasting leaf life span strategies for deciduous and evergreen species in response to environmental conditions[J]. Global Ecology&Biogeography,2011,21(2):224-235.
[27] AUGER S,SHIPLEY B. Inter-specific and intra-specific trait variation along short environmental gradients in an oldgrowth temperate forest[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,2013,24(3):419-428.
[2] VIOLLE C,NAVAS M,VILE D,et al. Let the concept of trait be functional[J]. Oikos,2007,116(5):882-892.
[3] VIOLLE C,ENQUIST B J,MCGILL B J,et al. The return of the variance:intraspecific variability in community ecology[J]. Trends in Ecology&Evolution,2012,27(4):244-52.
[4] FAJARDO A,PIPER F I. Intraspecific trait variation and covariation in a widespread tree species(Nothofagus pumilio)in Southern Chile[J]. New Phytologist,2011,189(1):259-271.
[5] JACKSON B G,PELTZER D A,WARDLE D A. The within-species leaf economic spectrum does not predict leaf litter decomposability at either the within-species or whole community levels[J]. Journal of Ecology,2013,101(6):1409-1419.
[6] ALBERT C H,THUILLER W,YOCCOZ N G,et al. Intraspecific functional variability:extent,structure and sources of variation[J]. Journal of Ecology,2010,98(3):604-613.
[7] MESSIER J,MCGILL B J,LECHOWICZ M J. How do traits vary across ecological scales? A case for trait-based ecology[J]. Ecology Letters,2010,13(7):838-848.
[8] JUNG V,ALBERT C H,VIOLLE C,et al. Intraspecific trait variability mediates the response of subalpine grassland communities to extreme drought events[J]. Journal of Ecology,2014,102(1):45-53.
[9] PLOURDE B T,BOUKILI V K,CHAZDON R L. Radial changes in wood specific gravity of tropical trees:inter-and intraspecific variation during secondary succession[J]. Functional Ecology,2015,29(1):111-120.
[10]唐青青,黄永涛,丁易,等.亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林植物功能性状的种间和种内变异[J].生物多样性,2016,24(3):262-270.
[11] LAFOREST-LAPOINTE I,MARTFNEZ-VILALTA J,RETANA J. Intraspecific variability in functional traits matters:case study of Scots pine[J]. Oecologia,2014,175(4):1337-1348.
[12] GRATANI L,MENEGHINI M,PESOLI P,et al. Structural and functional plasticity of Quercus ilex seedlings of different provenances in Italy[J]. Trees,2003,17(6):515-521.
[13] SIEFERT A,VIOLLE C,CHALMANDRIER L,et al. A global meta-analysis of the relative extent of intraspecific trait variation in plant communities[J]. Ecology Letters,2015,18(12):1406-1419.
[14] KANG M,CHANG S X,YAN E,et al. Trait variability differs between leaf and wood tissues across ecological scales in subtropical forests[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,2014,25(3):703-714.
[15]朱璧如,徐冰,张大勇.草地植物功能性状变异的程度和来源[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,47(5):485-489.
[16]张莉,温仲明,苗连朋.延河流域植物功能性状变异来源分析[J].生态学报,2013,33(20):6543-6552.
[17]陈文,王桔红,马瑞君,等.粤东89种常见植物叶功能性状变异特征[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(8):2101-2109.
[18] PREZ-HARGUINDEGUY N,DAZ S,GARNIER E,et al. New handbook for standardised measurement of plant functional traits worldwide[J]. Australian Journal of Botany,2013,61(3):167-234.
[19] We IHER E,FREUND D,BUNTON T,et al. Advances,challenges and a developing synthesis of ecological community assembly theory[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B,2011,366(1576):2403-2413.
[20] KRAFT N J B,VALENCIA R,Ackerly D D. Functional traits and niche-based tree community assembly in an Amazonian forest[J]. Science,2008,322(5901):580-582.
[21] CORNWELL W K,ACKERLY D D. Community assembly and shifts in the distribution of functional trait values across an environmental gradient in coastal California[J]. Ecological Monographs,2009,79(1):109-126.
[22] DING Y,ZANG R G,LETCHER S G,et al. Disturbance regime changes the trait distribution,phylogenetic structure and community assembly of tropical rain forests[J]. Oikos,2012,121(8):1263-1270.
[23] CORNELISSEN J H C,LAVOREL S,GARNIER E,et al. A handbook of protocols for standardised and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide[J]. Australian Journal of Botany,2003,51(4):335-380.
[24] POORTER L,WRIGHT S J,PAZ H,et al. Are functional traits good predictors of demographic rates? Evidence from five Neotropical forests[J]. Ecology,2008,89(7):1908-1920.
[25] CHAVE J,COOMES D,JANSEN S,et al. Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum[J]. Ecology Letters,2009,12(4):351-366.
[26] KLOEKE AEEVO,DOUMA J C,ORDOEZ J C,et al. Global quantification of contrasting leaf life span strategies for deciduous and evergreen species in response to environmental conditions[J]. Global Ecology&Biogeography,2011,21(2):224-235.
[27] AUGER S,SHIPLEY B. Inter-specific and intra-specific trait variation along short environmental gradients in an oldgrowth temperate forest[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,2013,24(3):419-428.
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