基于风电消纳时序场景的电池储能系统配置策略
|
摘要
制约风电消纳的一个重要因素是风电的反调峰特性,而其本质是电网向下调峰能力的不足。以提高风能资源利用率为主要目的,应用电池储能系统削峰填谷,改善系统负备用不足的现状以松弛电网调峰瓶颈,并分析了储能系统在此过程中能够带来的电网多环节效益,如风电消纳收益、峰谷电价效益、替代调峰机组效益等。根据风电时序特性生成大量场景并结合基于PAM聚类的场景削减技术,综合考虑各效益项并结合储能系统成本,求取具有普遍意义的储能综合净效益,并以该净效益最大化为目标,建立优化模型,进而提出了一种电池储能系统配置方法。最后根据西北某电网的实际数据设计了算例,验证了该配置方法的可行性。
Anti-peak-regulation characteristic is one of the most serious constraints on wind power integration, whose essence is the lack of down-regulate space in power grid. In this paper, for enhancing the ratio of utilized wind resource,battery energy storage system(BESS) was adopted to improve the situation of negative reserve deficiency. Therefore, the bottleneck of peak regulation can be relaxed by peak load shifting. Meanwhile, multi-link benefits brought by BESS were taken into consideration, such as the profits derived from extra accommodation of wind power, electricity price difference during peak and valley periods, substitution for cycling units and so on. According to the temporal characteristics of wind power, large numbers of wind power scenarios were generated, which were further processed by a scenario reduction technique. Based on the reduced set of wind power scenarios, the benefit terms and the costs of BESS were computed to compose the comprehensive net income. Then, an optimal configuration method for BESS was proposed by maximizing this net income. Finally, by using the real data of an area in Northwest China, a study case was designed to verify the feasibility of this proposed configuration method.
Anti-peak-regulation characteristic is one of the most serious constraints on wind power integration, whose essence is the lack of down-regulate space in power grid. In this paper, for enhancing the ratio of utilized wind resource,battery energy storage system(BESS) was adopted to improve the situation of negative reserve deficiency. Therefore, the bottleneck of peak regulation can be relaxed by peak load shifting. Meanwhile, multi-link benefits brought by BESS were taken into consideration, such as the profits derived from extra accommodation of wind power, electricity price difference during peak and valley periods, substitution for cycling units and so on. According to the temporal characteristics of wind power, large numbers of wind power scenarios were generated, which were further processed by a scenario reduction technique. Based on the reduced set of wind power scenarios, the benefit terms and the costs of BESS were computed to compose the comprehensive net income. Then, an optimal configuration method for BESS was proposed by maximizing this net income. Finally, by using the real data of an area in Northwest China, a study case was designed to verify the feasibility of this proposed configuration method.
引文
[1]张亚超,刘开培,秦亮,等.计及柔性资源的含风电场电力系统多目标动态协调调度[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1186-1193.ZHANG Yachao, LIU Kaipei, QIN Liang, et al. Multi-objective dy-namiccoordinationdispatchingforpowersystemswithwindfarmsconsideringflexibleresources[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2017,43(4):1186-1193.
[2]白晓清,赵瞻,鲍海波.基于CLARA算法的考虑时序特性分布式电源规划[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(5):14-22.BAIXiaoqing,ZHAOZhan,BAOHaibo.DGplanningbasedonCLARAalgorithmwithconsiderationoftimingcharacteristics[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(5):14-22.
[3]张晓花,谢俊,赵晋泉,等.考虑风电和电动汽车等不确定性负荷的电力系统节能减排调度[J].高电压技术,2015,41(7):2408-2414.ZHANGXiaohua,XIEJun,ZHAOJinquan,etal.Energy-savingemission-reduction dispatching of electrical power system consideringuncertainty of load with wind power and plug-in hybrid electric vehi-cles[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(7):2408-2414.
[4]钱政,裴岩,曹利宵,等.风电功率预测方法综述[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1047-1060.QIAN Zheng, PEI Yan, CAO Lixiao, etal. Review of wind powerforecastingmethod[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2016,42(4):1047-1060.
[5]姜欣,陈红坤,向铁元,等.考虑调峰特性的电网风电接入能力分析[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(12):13-18.JIANGXin,CHENHongkun,XIANGTieyuan,etal.Windpowerpenetrationcapacityconsideringpeakregulationcharacteristics[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2014, 34(12):13-18.
[6]刘秋华,郑亚先,杨胜春.长周期大范围风电消纳的电力电量联合优化模型与应用[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(18):145-150.LIU Qiuhua, ZHENG Yaxian, YANG Shengchun. A power and energyjoint optimization model and its application for long-term large-rangewindpoweraccommodation[J].AutomationofElectricPowerSys-tems, 2015, 39(18):145-150.
[7]CASTILLO A, GAYME D F. Grid-scale energy storage appli-cationsin renewable energy integration:a survey[J]. Energy Conversion andManagement, 2014, 87:885-894.
[8]李欣然,邓涛,黄际元,等.储能电池参与电网快速调频的自适应控制策略[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2362-2369.LI Xinran, DENG Tao, HUANG Jiyuan, et al. Battery energy storagesystems self-adaptation control strategy in fast frequency regulation[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(7):2362-2369.
[9]杨德友,温佳鑫,陈家荣,等.用于提高风电场可调度性的储能系统预测控制策略[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):1043-1048.YANG Deyou, WEN Jiaxin, CHEN Jiarong,et al. Smoothing and dis-patching the output of wind/battery energy storage hybrid system viamodelpredictioncontrol[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2017,43(3):1043-1048.
[10]ZAFIRAKIS D, CHALVATZIS K J, BAIOCCHI G,et al. Modeling offinancialincentivesforinvestmentsinenergystoragesystemsthatpromote the large-scale integration of wind energy[J]. Applied Energy,2013, 105:138-154.
[11]BLUDSZUWEITH,ANTONIOJ,NAVARROD.Aprobabilisticmethod for energy storage sizing based on wind power forecast uncer-tainty[J].IEEETransactionsonPowerSystems,2011,26(3):1651-1658.
[12]IBRAHIMH,ILINCAA,PERRONJ.Energystoragesys-tems—characteristics and comparisons[J]. Renewable and SustainableEnergy Reviews, 2008, 12(5):1221-1250.
[13]杨锡运,曹超,任杰,等.利用储能系统平滑光伏波动的模糊聚类经验模态分解方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(7):2127-2133.YANGXiyun,CAOChao,RENJie,etal.Controlmethodofsmoothing PV power output with battery energy storage system basedonfuzzyensembleempiricalmodedecomposition[J].HighVoltageEngineering, 2016, 42(7):2127-2133.
[14]LUO Y, SHI L, TU G Y. Optimal sizing and control strategy of isolatedgrid with wind power and energy storage system[J]. Energy Conver-sion and Management, 2014, 80:407-415.
[15]LI J H, YAN G G, XIE G Q, et al. Research on energy storage systemcapacity allocation to improve wind power integration capability[C]∥Proceedings of IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies ASIA.Tianjin, China:IEEE, 2012.
[16]ZHAO X L, ZHANG S F, YANG R, et al. Constraints on the effectiveutilization of wind power in China:an illustration from the northeastChinagrid[J].RenewableandSustainableEnergyReviews,2012,16(7):4508-4514.
[17]ZENGB,ZENGM,XUES,etal.Overallreviewofwindpowerdevelopment in Inner Mongolia:Status quo, barriers and solutions[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014, 29:614-624.
[18]杨玉青,牛利勇,田立亭,等.考虑负荷优化控制的区域配电网储能配置[J].电网技术,2015,39(4):1019-1025.YANG Yuqing, NIU Liyong, TIAN Liting, et al. Configuration of en-ergystoragedevicesinregionaldistributionnetworkconsideringoptimalloadcontrol[J].PowerSystemTechnology,2015,39(4):1019-1025.
[19]严干贵,冯晓东,李军徽,等.用于松弛调峰瓶颈的储能系统容量配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(28):27-35.YAN Gangui, FENG Xiaodong, LI Junhui, et al. Optimization of en-ergystoragesystemcapacityforrelaxingpeakloadregulationbottlenecks[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(28):27-35.
[20]NGRT,HANJ.CLARANS:amethodforclusteringobjectsforspatial data mining[J]. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data En-gineering, 2002, 14(5):1003-1016.
[21]薛金花,叶季蕾,陶琼,等.采用全寿命周期成本模型的用户侧电池储能经济可行性研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2471-2476.XUE Jinhua, YE Jilei, TAO Qiong, et al. Economic feasibility of us-er-side battery energy storage based on whole-life-cycle cost model[J].Power System Technology, 2016, 40(8):2471-2476.
[22]谢瑛,谭忠富,程晋,等.节能减排调度环境下燃煤电厂发电成本分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(2):137-142.XIE Ying, TAN Zhongfu, CHENG Jin,et al. Generation cost analysisof coal-fired power plant in environment of energy saving and emis-sion reduction dispatching[J]. Power System Technology, 2011, 35(2):137-142.
[2]白晓清,赵瞻,鲍海波.基于CLARA算法的考虑时序特性分布式电源规划[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(5):14-22.BAIXiaoqing,ZHAOZhan,BAOHaibo.DGplanningbasedonCLARAalgorithmwithconsiderationoftimingcharacteristics[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(5):14-22.
[3]张晓花,谢俊,赵晋泉,等.考虑风电和电动汽车等不确定性负荷的电力系统节能减排调度[J].高电压技术,2015,41(7):2408-2414.ZHANGXiaohua,XIEJun,ZHAOJinquan,etal.Energy-savingemission-reduction dispatching of electrical power system consideringuncertainty of load with wind power and plug-in hybrid electric vehi-cles[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(7):2408-2414.
[4]钱政,裴岩,曹利宵,等.风电功率预测方法综述[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1047-1060.QIAN Zheng, PEI Yan, CAO Lixiao, etal. Review of wind powerforecastingmethod[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2016,42(4):1047-1060.
[5]姜欣,陈红坤,向铁元,等.考虑调峰特性的电网风电接入能力分析[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(12):13-18.JIANGXin,CHENHongkun,XIANGTieyuan,etal.Windpowerpenetrationcapacityconsideringpeakregulationcharacteristics[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2014, 34(12):13-18.
[6]刘秋华,郑亚先,杨胜春.长周期大范围风电消纳的电力电量联合优化模型与应用[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(18):145-150.LIU Qiuhua, ZHENG Yaxian, YANG Shengchun. A power and energyjoint optimization model and its application for long-term large-rangewindpoweraccommodation[J].AutomationofElectricPowerSys-tems, 2015, 39(18):145-150.
[7]CASTILLO A, GAYME D F. Grid-scale energy storage appli-cationsin renewable energy integration:a survey[J]. Energy Conversion andManagement, 2014, 87:885-894.
[8]李欣然,邓涛,黄际元,等.储能电池参与电网快速调频的自适应控制策略[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2362-2369.LI Xinran, DENG Tao, HUANG Jiyuan, et al. Battery energy storagesystems self-adaptation control strategy in fast frequency regulation[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(7):2362-2369.
[9]杨德友,温佳鑫,陈家荣,等.用于提高风电场可调度性的储能系统预测控制策略[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):1043-1048.YANG Deyou, WEN Jiaxin, CHEN Jiarong,et al. Smoothing and dis-patching the output of wind/battery energy storage hybrid system viamodelpredictioncontrol[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2017,43(3):1043-1048.
[10]ZAFIRAKIS D, CHALVATZIS K J, BAIOCCHI G,et al. Modeling offinancialincentivesforinvestmentsinenergystoragesystemsthatpromote the large-scale integration of wind energy[J]. Applied Energy,2013, 105:138-154.
[11]BLUDSZUWEITH,ANTONIOJ,NAVARROD.Aprobabilisticmethod for energy storage sizing based on wind power forecast uncer-tainty[J].IEEETransactionsonPowerSystems,2011,26(3):1651-1658.
[12]IBRAHIMH,ILINCAA,PERRONJ.Energystoragesys-tems—characteristics and comparisons[J]. Renewable and SustainableEnergy Reviews, 2008, 12(5):1221-1250.
[13]杨锡运,曹超,任杰,等.利用储能系统平滑光伏波动的模糊聚类经验模态分解方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(7):2127-2133.YANGXiyun,CAOChao,RENJie,etal.Controlmethodofsmoothing PV power output with battery energy storage system basedonfuzzyensembleempiricalmodedecomposition[J].HighVoltageEngineering, 2016, 42(7):2127-2133.
[14]LUO Y, SHI L, TU G Y. Optimal sizing and control strategy of isolatedgrid with wind power and energy storage system[J]. Energy Conver-sion and Management, 2014, 80:407-415.
[15]LI J H, YAN G G, XIE G Q, et al. Research on energy storage systemcapacity allocation to improve wind power integration capability[C]∥Proceedings of IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies ASIA.Tianjin, China:IEEE, 2012.
[16]ZHAO X L, ZHANG S F, YANG R, et al. Constraints on the effectiveutilization of wind power in China:an illustration from the northeastChinagrid[J].RenewableandSustainableEnergyReviews,2012,16(7):4508-4514.
[17]ZENGB,ZENGM,XUES,etal.Overallreviewofwindpowerdevelopment in Inner Mongolia:Status quo, barriers and solutions[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014, 29:614-624.
[18]杨玉青,牛利勇,田立亭,等.考虑负荷优化控制的区域配电网储能配置[J].电网技术,2015,39(4):1019-1025.YANG Yuqing, NIU Liyong, TIAN Liting, et al. Configuration of en-ergystoragedevicesinregionaldistributionnetworkconsideringoptimalloadcontrol[J].PowerSystemTechnology,2015,39(4):1019-1025.
[19]严干贵,冯晓东,李军徽,等.用于松弛调峰瓶颈的储能系统容量配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(28):27-35.YAN Gangui, FENG Xiaodong, LI Junhui, et al. Optimization of en-ergystoragesystemcapacityforrelaxingpeakloadregulationbottlenecks[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(28):27-35.
[20]NGRT,HANJ.CLARANS:amethodforclusteringobjectsforspatial data mining[J]. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data En-gineering, 2002, 14(5):1003-1016.
[21]薛金花,叶季蕾,陶琼,等.采用全寿命周期成本模型的用户侧电池储能经济可行性研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2471-2476.XUE Jinhua, YE Jilei, TAO Qiong, et al. Economic feasibility of us-er-side battery energy storage based on whole-life-cycle cost model[J].Power System Technology, 2016, 40(8):2471-2476.
[22]谢瑛,谭忠富,程晋,等.节能减排调度环境下燃煤电厂发电成本分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(2):137-142.XIE Ying, TAN Zhongfu, CHENG Jin,et al. Generation cost analysisof coal-fired power plant in environment of energy saving and emis-sion reduction dispatching[J]. Power System Technology, 2011, 35(2):137-142.