土地科技创新的合作网络及热点演化研究——以国土资源科学技术奖为例
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摘要
研究目的:以国土资源科学技术奖为例,基于2004—2018年的产学研合作获奖项目数据,对土地科技创新的合作网络及热点演化进行系统分析。研究方法:数据挖掘和社会网络分析。研究结果:(1)土地科技创新的合作网络具有显著的无标度特征,网络密度为0.018,平均度为4.672,网络的整体结构较为松散;(2)网络规模呈现U型变化趋势,随着时间推移,从单中心的伞形结构向多中心的集群结构转变;(3)多阶段的词云分析和文本挖掘显示,土地科技发展早期聚焦于土地调查与监测等方面,而近期则与智慧国土、土地生态整治等热点联系紧密。研究结论:需要突破单中心的伞形或分散独立的环形合作创新格局,通过设立土地科技创新基金等路径,鼓励跨部门、跨行业的开放式合作创新,重点从大数据驱动的管理决策、"生命共同体"综合治理、"互联网+"创新联盟等方向挖掘土地科技创新的潜力。
The purpose of this study is to explore the collaboration network and hot-spot evolution of technical innovations in the field of land resource. The data was collected from the science and technology award of land resource between 2004 and 2018 in China. Data mining and social network analysis were employed in the current study. The results are shown as follows. 1)The land resource innovation collaboration network shows the characteristic of scale-free networks. The density of the network is 0.018 and the average degree of each node is 4.672. Hence, it can infer that the holistic structure of the land resource innovation collaboration network is relatively loose. 2)The scale of the land resource innovation collaboration network represents a U-shaped development trend. And the whole network structure shows a shift from an umbrella to multi-alliances. 3)Through multi-stage word cloud analysis and text mining, it's shown that the technological development of land resource focused on the investigation and monitoring at the early stage. While in recent years, the technological development of land resource has increasingly become closely related to "smart land resource" and "land ecological consolidation". In conclusion, firstly, it is necessary to break through the mono-centric umbrella or decentralized loop structure of land resource technological innovations. Secondly, the government can set up technological innovation funds to encourage open and cooperative innovation across multi-fields. Finally, the future studies can explore the potential of land resources innovation from the perspectives of big data-driven decision, "life community" integrated governance, and Internet plus innovation alliance.
The purpose of this study is to explore the collaboration network and hot-spot evolution of technical innovations in the field of land resource. The data was collected from the science and technology award of land resource between 2004 and 2018 in China. Data mining and social network analysis were employed in the current study. The results are shown as follows. 1)The land resource innovation collaboration network shows the characteristic of scale-free networks. The density of the network is 0.018 and the average degree of each node is 4.672. Hence, it can infer that the holistic structure of the land resource innovation collaboration network is relatively loose. 2)The scale of the land resource innovation collaboration network represents a U-shaped development trend. And the whole network structure shows a shift from an umbrella to multi-alliances. 3)Through multi-stage word cloud analysis and text mining, it's shown that the technological development of land resource focused on the investigation and monitoring at the early stage. While in recent years, the technological development of land resource has increasingly become closely related to "smart land resource" and "land ecological consolidation". In conclusion, firstly, it is necessary to break through the mono-centric umbrella or decentralized loop structure of land resource technological innovations. Secondly, the government can set up technological innovation funds to encourage open and cooperative innovation across multi-fields. Finally, the future studies can explore the potential of land resources innovation from the perspectives of big data-driven decision, "life community" integrated governance, and Internet plus innovation alliance.
引文
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[12]王朋，张旭，赵蕴华，等.校企科研合作复杂网络及其分析[J].情报理论与实践，2010,33(6):89-93.
[13]袁剑锋，许治.中国产学研合作网络结构特性及演化研究[J].管理学报，2017,14(7):1024-1032.
[14]DOZ Y L,OLK P M,RING P S.Formation processes of R&D consortia:Which path to take?Where does it lead?[J].Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(3):239-266.
[15]方炜，王莉丽.协同创新网络的研究现状与展望[J].科研管理，2018,39(9):30-41.
[16]褚建勋，黄晟鹏，纪娇娇.基于SNA的国家科技奖合作网络演化研究[J].科学学研究，2016,34(8):1137-1144.
[17]LIU L,HAN C,XU W.Evolutionary analysis of the collaboration networks within National Quality Award Projects of China[J].International Journal of Project Management,2015,33(3):599-609.
[18]马岩，王芳，施俊法.国土资源科学技术奖情况综述[J].国土资源科技管理，2003,20(1):40-43.
[19]黄萃，任弢，张剑.政策文献量化研究:公共政策研究的新方向[J].公共管理学报，2015,12(2):129-137.
[20]李培哲，菅利荣，刘勇.卫星及应用产业产学研专利合作网络结构特性及演化分析--基于社会网络视角[J].情报杂志，2018,37(11):55-61.
[2]中华人民共和国发展和改革委员会.国家重点专项规划之--“十三五”国家科技创新规划[EB/OL].(2017-12-22)[2019-01-15].http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fzgggz/fzgh/ghwb/gjjgh/201705/t20170504_846501.html.
[3]科学网.我国土地科技创新水平亟待提升[EB/OL].(2017-12-22)[2018-12-07].http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2017/12/397979.shtm,2017/12/22.
[4]中国国土资源报.土地工程科技创新开启“加速度”[EB/OL].(2017-12-06)[2018-12-07].http://www.mlr.gov.cn/xwdt/tdxw/201712/t20171206_1692073.htm.
[5]中华人民共和国国务院.国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要（2006-2020年）[EB/OL].(2006-02-09)[2019-01-16].http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2006-02/09/content_183787.htm.
[6]刘彦随，吴传钧，张建平.中国土地科技创新体系建设的思考[J].地理研究，2003,22(4):416-422.
[7]杜亚敏，高世昌，苗利梅.完善土地科技创新管理制度的思考[J].中国土地，2018,394(11):29-31.
[8]谢俊奇.未来20年土地科学与技术的发展战略问题[J].中国土地科学，2004,18(2):3-9.
[9]陈成，仲济香，张丹凤，等.生态文明视角下土地整治科技创新研究--基于原国土资源部土地整治相关领域的登记和获奖成果分析[J].中国土地科学，2018,32(4):82-88.
[10]NIETO M J,SANTAMARIA L.The importance of diverse collaborative networks for the novelty of product innovation[J].Technovation,2007,27(6-7):367-377.
[11]喻科.产学研合作创新网络特性及动态创新能力培养研究[J].科研管理，2011,32(2):82-87.
[12]王朋，张旭，赵蕴华，等.校企科研合作复杂网络及其分析[J].情报理论与实践，2010,33(6):89-93.
[13]袁剑锋，许治.中国产学研合作网络结构特性及演化研究[J].管理学报，2017,14(7):1024-1032.
[14]DOZ Y L,OLK P M,RING P S.Formation processes of R&D consortia:Which path to take?Where does it lead?[J].Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(3):239-266.
[15]方炜，王莉丽.协同创新网络的研究现状与展望[J].科研管理，2018,39(9):30-41.
[16]褚建勋，黄晟鹏，纪娇娇.基于SNA的国家科技奖合作网络演化研究[J].科学学研究，2016,34(8):1137-1144.
[17]LIU L,HAN C,XU W.Evolutionary analysis of the collaboration networks within National Quality Award Projects of China[J].International Journal of Project Management,2015,33(3):599-609.
[18]马岩，王芳，施俊法.国土资源科学技术奖情况综述[J].国土资源科技管理，2003,20(1):40-43.
[19]黄萃，任弢，张剑.政策文献量化研究:公共政策研究的新方向[J].公共管理学报，2015,12(2):129-137.
[20]李培哲，菅利荣，刘勇.卫星及应用产业产学研专利合作网络结构特性及演化分析--基于社会网络视角[J].情报杂志，2018,37(11):55-61.