光伏发电系统电池最大功率跟踪控制仿真
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摘要
光伏电池输出特性容易受外界环境变化影响,具有高度非线性、时变不确定的特征,为了提高光伏电池光电能量转换效率,需要进行最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制,使其输出功率始终保持最大。传统MPPT算法根据不同的逻辑判断跟踪最大功率,往往需要在速度和精度上做取舍,难以做到又快又准,也正是MPPT控制的难点技术所在。针对传统MPPT算法难以兼顾跟踪速度和跟踪精度的问题,提出一种基于模糊逻辑控制的光伏电池MPPT算法。通过设计模糊逻辑控制器并搭建控制器仿真模型,与两种传统MPPT算法进行对比仿真。仿真结果表明,模糊逻辑控制能够快速准确地锁定最大功率点范围,及时平稳地响应光照强度的突变,相比传统MPPT算法在跟踪速度和跟踪精度上都有一定的改善,具有良好的动态性能和稳态性能。
The output characteristics of PV cells are easily affected by the change of the external environment,which have the characteristics of high nonlinearity and time-varying uncertainty. In order to improve the photoelectric energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells,it is necessary to carry out maximum power point tracking(MPPT) control,so that the output power of photovoltaic cells can maintain the maximum all the time. The traditional MPPT algorithm track the maximum power based on the different logical judgment,often has to make some trade-offs between speed and accuracy,and it is difficult to ensure the speed and accuracy. This is also the difficulty of MPPT control technology. Aiming at the problem that the traditional MPPT algorithm is difficult to take into account the tracking speed and tracking accuracy,a MPPT algorithm for PV cells based on fuzzy logic control was proposed.Through the design of the fuzzy logic controller and its simulation model,the simulation was compared with the two traditional MPPT methods. The simulation results show that the fuzzy logic control can quickly and accurately lock the maximum power point range,timely and smoothly respond to the abrupt change of light intensity. Compared with the traditional MPPT algorithm,the tracking speed and tracking accuracy are both improved,which has good dynamic performance and steady performance.
The output characteristics of PV cells are easily affected by the change of the external environment,which have the characteristics of high nonlinearity and time-varying uncertainty. In order to improve the photoelectric energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells,it is necessary to carry out maximum power point tracking(MPPT) control,so that the output power of photovoltaic cells can maintain the maximum all the time. The traditional MPPT algorithm track the maximum power based on the different logical judgment,often has to make some trade-offs between speed and accuracy,and it is difficult to ensure the speed and accuracy. This is also the difficulty of MPPT control technology. Aiming at the problem that the traditional MPPT algorithm is difficult to take into account the tracking speed and tracking accuracy,a MPPT algorithm for PV cells based on fuzzy logic control was proposed.Through the design of the fuzzy logic controller and its simulation model,the simulation was compared with the two traditional MPPT methods. The simulation results show that the fuzzy logic control can quickly and accurately lock the maximum power point range,timely and smoothly respond to the abrupt change of light intensity. Compared with the traditional MPPT algorithm,the tracking speed and tracking accuracy are both improved,which has good dynamic performance and steady performance.
引文
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[15]余素华,南余荣,陈晓君.基于模糊控制的MPPT光伏发电系统[J].工业控制计算机,2015,28(11):60-62.
[16]蔡文浩,李云,马晶,张晓.基于模糊控制的光伏电池MPPT仿真研究[J].电源技术,2013,37(12):2144-2146.
[2]Trishan Esram,Patrick L Chapman.Comparision of Photovoltaic Array Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2006:885-896.
[3]乔兴宏,吴必军,王坤林,吝红军.基于模糊控制的光伏发电系统MPPT[J].可再生能源,2008,26(5):13-16.
[4]张建坡,张红艳,王涛,冉慧娟.光伏系统中最大功率跟踪算法仿真研究[J].计算机仿真,2010,27(1):266-269.
[5]黄克亚,尤凤翔,李文石.模糊神经网络在光伏发电MPPT中的应用[J].计算机仿真,2012,29(8):300-304.
[6]朱正伟,郭枫,孙广辉,钱露.基于RBF-BP神经网络的光伏MPPT研究[J].计算机仿真,2015,32(2):131-134.
[7]孙然然.基于模糊PID控制的光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪的研究[D].浙江:浙江理工大学信息电子学院,2015.
[8]郑飞,丁明昌.基于模糊控制的光伏最大功率跟踪器[J].电气自动化,2014,36(2):48-50.
[9]王长江.基于MATLAB的光伏电池通用数学模型[J].电力科学与工程,2009,25(4):11-14.
[10]苏建徽,余世杰,赵为,吴敏达,沈玉梁,何慧若.硅太阳电池工程用数学模型[J].太阳能学报,2001,22(4):409-412.
[11]刘永军,万频,王东海,沈辉,詹宜巨.自适应模糊算法在光伏系统MPPT中的应用[J].太阳能学报,2008,29(6):657-661.
[12]刘晓艳.局部阴影条件下光伏阵列特性及多峰值最大功率跟踪研究[D].广州:中山大学物理科学与工程技术学院,2011.
[13]石辛民,郝整清.模糊控制及其MATLAB仿真[M].北京:清华大学出版社,北京交通大学出版社,2008.
[14]袁路路,苏海滨,武东辉,刘强.基于模糊理论的光伏发电最大功率点跟踪控制策略研究[J].电力学报,2009,24(2):86-89.
[15]余素华,南余荣,陈晓君.基于模糊控制的MPPT光伏发电系统[J].工业控制计算机,2015,28(11):60-62.
[16]蔡文浩,李云,马晶,张晓.基于模糊控制的光伏电池MPPT仿真研究[J].电源技术,2013,37(12):2144-2146.