贵州省荞麦蚜虫种类调查及消长规律研究
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摘要
选择2016-2017年春秋2季贵州省荞麦4主产区的6个点进行蚜虫种类调查和消长规律研究,结果表明:荞麦蚜虫的种类为桃蚜、棉蚜和豆蚜3种,优势害虫为桃蚜.桃蚜的消长规律与荞麦品种、发育期、海拔有直接关系,蚜虫对甜荞的危害最大,其次是苦荞和米苦荞,多年生苦荞和矮金荞危害最小;虫口数量随着荞麦发育期逐渐增加到开花期达到最大,直到荞麦收获期下降至最低;海拔越高虫口数相对越少,反之则越多.
In order to accumulate a certain amount of data for monitoring and forecasting buckwheat aphid incidence so as to improve buckwheat yield in Guizhou,an investigation was made of the species of buckwheat aphids and their fluctuation patterns at six locations of four main buckwheat-producing areas of the province in 2016-2017.The results showed that three aphid species attacked the buckwheat crop,i.e.Aphis gossypii Glover,Myzus persicae Sulzer and A.craccivora Koch,the dominant pest being M,persicae.The fluctuation patterns of M,persicae were directly related to the variety and developmental phase of the buckwheat crop and to the altitude.The aphids caused the most serious harm to Fagopyrum esculentum,followed in order by F.tataricum,F.tataricum,F.tatari-cymosum and F.megaspartanium.The population quantity increased with the growth of buckwheat,reached its maximum at the flowering period,and declined thereafter and dropped to the lowest at harvest.The population quantity varied with altitude:the higher the altitude,the less the number of this pest,and vice versa.
In order to accumulate a certain amount of data for monitoring and forecasting buckwheat aphid incidence so as to improve buckwheat yield in Guizhou,an investigation was made of the species of buckwheat aphids and their fluctuation patterns at six locations of four main buckwheat-producing areas of the province in 2016-2017.The results showed that three aphid species attacked the buckwheat crop,i.e.Aphis gossypii Glover,Myzus persicae Sulzer and A.craccivora Koch,the dominant pest being M,persicae.The fluctuation patterns of M,persicae were directly related to the variety and developmental phase of the buckwheat crop and to the altitude.The aphids caused the most serious harm to Fagopyrum esculentum,followed in order by F.tataricum,F.tataricum,F.tatari-cymosum and F.megaspartanium.The population quantity increased with the growth of buckwheat,reached its maximum at the flowering period,and declined thereafter and dropped to the lowest at harvest.The population quantity varied with altitude:the higher the altitude,the less the number of this pest,and vice versa.
引文
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[4] HU Y,ZHAO Y,REN D,et al.Hypoglycemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of D-Chiro-Inositol-Enriched Tartary Buckwheat Extract in High Fructose-Fed Mice[J].Food&Function,2015,6(12):3760-3769.
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[17]IRVIN N A,BISTLINE-EAST A,HODDLE M S.The Effect of an Irrigated Buckwheat Cover Crop on Grape Vine Productivity,and Beneficial Insect and Grape Pest Abundance in Southern California[J].Biological Control,2016,93(2):72-83.
[18]马亚玲,刘长仲.蚜虫的生态学特性及其防治[J].草业科学,2014,31(3):519-525.
[19]王龙飞,黄大庄,李文娟.小五台山国家级自然保护区环境因素对昆虫群落分布的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(19):4667-4671.
[20]刘晔,沈泽昊.长江三峡库区昆虫丰富度的海拔梯度格局——气候、土地覆盖及采样效应的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(19):5663-5675.
[21]MAVEETY S A.Ecology of Ground-Dwelling Carabid Beetles(Coleoptera:Carabidae)in the Peruvian Andes[D].Winston-Salem:Wake Forest University,2013.
[2] BAI C Z,FENG M L,HAO X L,et al.Rutin,Quercetin,and Free Amino Acid Analysis in Buckwheat(Fagopyrum)Seeds from Different Locations[J].Genetics and Molecular Research,2015,14(4):19040-19048.
[3] SUZUKI T,MORISHITA T,KIM S J,et al.Physiological Roles of Rutin in the Buckwheat Plant[J].Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Jarq:JARQ,2015,49(1):37-43.
[4] HU Y,ZHAO Y,REN D,et al.Hypoglycemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of D-Chiro-Inositol-Enriched Tartary Buckwheat Extract in High Fructose-Fed Mice[J].Food&Function,2015,6(12):3760-3769.
[5] ZHU F.Chemical Composition and Health Effects of Tartary Buckwheat[J].Food Chemistry,2016,203:231-245.
[6] AGARWALA B K.Phenotypic Plasticity in Aphids(Homoptera:Insecta):Components of Variation and Causative Factors[J].Current Science,2007,93(3):308-313.
[7]张润志,张蓉.宁夏危害枸杞的蚜虫种类为棉蚜、桃蚜和豆蚜[J].应用昆虫学报,2016,53(1):218-222.
[8]张广学,钟铁森.中国经济昆虫志,第二十五册:同翅目蚜虫类(一)[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[9]虞国跃,王合,冯术快.王家园昆虫[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[10]PATEL K B.Field Investigation on Important Insect-Pests of Mango and Their Management[D].Navsari:Navsari Agricultural University,2012.
[11]罗晓玲,钟林,熊仿秋,等.凉山州荞麦主要病虫害危害情况及防治[J].西昌农业科技,2016(2):8-9.
[12]刘芳,杨元军,董道峰,等.济南地区春马铃薯生长期蚜虫的消长规律研究[J].中国马铃薯,2012(1):40-42.
[13]王雪娇,查友贵,肖春,等.桃蚜对不同植物挥发物的趋性选择研究[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,27(2):165-169.
[14]郑雨维,陈新华.香菜对桃蚜寄主植物选择行为的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(25):317-320.
[15]孙梅梅,谌江华,姚红燕,等.七种非寄主植物对甘蓝主要害虫的田间驱避作用[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(8):1374-1380.
[16]CASTLE S J,HENNEBERRY T J,TOSCANO N C.Suppression of Bemisia Tabaci(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)Infestations in Cantaloupe and Cotton with Sprinkler Irrigation[J].Crop Protection,1996,15(7):657-663.
[17]IRVIN N A,BISTLINE-EAST A,HODDLE M S.The Effect of an Irrigated Buckwheat Cover Crop on Grape Vine Productivity,and Beneficial Insect and Grape Pest Abundance in Southern California[J].Biological Control,2016,93(2):72-83.
[18]马亚玲,刘长仲.蚜虫的生态学特性及其防治[J].草业科学,2014,31(3):519-525.
[19]王龙飞,黄大庄,李文娟.小五台山国家级自然保护区环境因素对昆虫群落分布的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(19):4667-4671.
[20]刘晔,沈泽昊.长江三峡库区昆虫丰富度的海拔梯度格局——气候、土地覆盖及采样效应的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(19):5663-5675.
[21]MAVEETY S A.Ecology of Ground-Dwelling Carabid Beetles(Coleoptera:Carabidae)in the Peruvian Andes[D].Winston-Salem:Wake Forest University,2013.