小麦种质资源的抗寒性鉴定及品种筛选
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摘要
低温冻害严重影响小麦的产量和品质。为了鉴定不同小麦品种的抗寒性,筛选出抗寒性较强的育种材料,本研究以534份小麦品种为供试材料,种植于保定、涞源、青县三个试点,返青前调查冻害等级、死苗率和枯叶率。结果表明,小麦的死苗率和枯叶率与冻害等级呈极显著正相关(r=0.562、0.795),可作为小麦抗寒性鉴定、筛选的重要指标。综合涞源环境下的3个抗寒指标,利用NTsys-2.10e软件进行遗传相似系数分析,将供试材料聚成4类。筛选出远大1号、乐639、运旱618、河农6425、科遗11-6072、京冬8号、中麦175、河农6049、农大211、轮选987等品种为抗寒性强的小麦品种。
Low temperature damage seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. In order to identify the cold resistance of different wheat varieties and to select the wheat varieties with strong cold resistance, 534 wheat varieties were selected as the test materials, Which planted in Baoding, Laiyuan, Qingxian three regions, and investigated frost damage grade, mortality rate of cold and withered leaves rate before reviving. The results showed that the mortality rate and withered leaves rate were significantly positively correlated with the frost damage grade(r=0.562, 0.795), which could be used as an important index for identification and screening of wheat cold hardiness. The three cold resistant indexes in Laiyuan environment were synthesized by using NTsys-2.10 e software to analyze the genetic similarity coefficient, and the tested materials were gathered into 4 categories. The varieties of Yuanda 1, Le 639, Yunhan 618, Henong 6425, Keyi 11-6072, Jingdong 8,Zhongmai 175, Henong 6049, Nongda 211, Lunxuan 987 and others were selected as wheat varieties with strong cold resistance.
Low temperature damage seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. In order to identify the cold resistance of different wheat varieties and to select the wheat varieties with strong cold resistance, 534 wheat varieties were selected as the test materials, Which planted in Baoding, Laiyuan, Qingxian three regions, and investigated frost damage grade, mortality rate of cold and withered leaves rate before reviving. The results showed that the mortality rate and withered leaves rate were significantly positively correlated with the frost damage grade(r=0.562, 0.795), which could be used as an important index for identification and screening of wheat cold hardiness. The three cold resistant indexes in Laiyuan environment were synthesized by using NTsys-2.10 e software to analyze the genetic similarity coefficient, and the tested materials were gathered into 4 categories. The varieties of Yuanda 1, Le 639, Yunhan 618, Henong 6425, Keyi 11-6072, Jingdong 8,Zhongmai 175, Henong 6049, Nongda 211, Lunxuan 987 and others were selected as wheat varieties with strong cold resistance.
引文
[1]何宝军.小麦抗寒性研究现状与展望[J].北京农业,2012(2月下旬):279-281
[2]邓江明,简令成.植物抗冻机理研究新进展:抗冻基因表达及其功能[J].植物学通报,2001,18(5):521-530
[3]皇甫自起,常守乾,李秀花,等.豫东地区小麦冻害调查分析[J].河南农业科学,1996(4):3-6
[4]任永波,段拥军.作物抗寒性鉴定指标的分类及其应用[J].西昌农业高等专科学校学报,2002,16(2):43-46
[5]万富士.冬小麦品种越冬性改良理论与实践[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2006
[6]Fowler DB,Gusta LV,Tyler NJ.Selection for winter hardiness in wheat.Ⅲ.Screening methods[J].Crop Sci,1981,21(6):896-901
[7]Fowler DB,Carles RJ.Growth,Development,and Cold Tolerence of Fall-acclimated Cereal Grains[J].Crop Sci,1979,19(6):915-922
[8]申宗坦.作物育种学实验[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1992
[9]侯淑敏,福德平.冬小麦品种抗寒性鉴定的方法及影响因素[J].北京农业,2014(3月下旬):61-62
[10]蒋志春,辛艳,吕志梅,等.冬小麦抗寒性级别划分与鉴定试验[J].天津农林科技,2005(1):7-8
[11]于晶.寒地冬小麦东农冬麦1号抗寒机理研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2009
[12]Marshall HG,Olien CR,Everson EH.Techniques for selection of cold hardiness in cereals[C]//Analysis and improvement of plant cold hardiness.Oxford:Pergamon Press,1981:139-159
[13]杨建辉,巨伟,杨学举.冬小麦冻害成因及其抗寒机理与对策[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(1):33-36,40
[14]王永华,魏凤珍,李金才,等.小麦冻害类型、诊断特征及其预防对策与补救措施[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(4):345-348
[15]孙学成,胡承孝,谭启玲.低温胁迫下铝对冬小麦抗氧化防御系统及膜脂过氧化的影响[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2006,32(2):175-182
[16]朱佳,梁永超,丁燕芳,等.硅对低温胁迫下冬小麦幼苗光合作用及相关生理特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(9):1780-1788
[17]冯素伟,董娜,胡铁柱,等.不同小麦品种抗低温能力比较[J].河南科技学院学报,2010,38(3):4-7
[18]游光霞,孙果忠,张秀英,等.中国黄淮海地区小麦品种抗寒性及其与VRN1基因型的关系[J].作物学报,2015,41(4):557-564
[19]曹文昕,万映秀,张琪琪,等.黄淮麦区主要推广小麦品种抗寒性的演变规律[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(1):57-63
[20]王永玖,闫洪凯,于国宜,等.小麦种质资源在育种上应用价值的鉴定与评价[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(17):10214-10217
[21]吴青霞.春季低温胁迫下小麦生理生化反应及抗寒基因的差异表达[D].陕西:西北农林科技大学,2013
[22]徐澜,高志强,安伟,等.冬麦春播小麦穗分化阶段对低温胁迫的响应及耐寒性[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1679-1686
[2]邓江明,简令成.植物抗冻机理研究新进展:抗冻基因表达及其功能[J].植物学通报,2001,18(5):521-530
[3]皇甫自起,常守乾,李秀花,等.豫东地区小麦冻害调查分析[J].河南农业科学,1996(4):3-6
[4]任永波,段拥军.作物抗寒性鉴定指标的分类及其应用[J].西昌农业高等专科学校学报,2002,16(2):43-46
[5]万富士.冬小麦品种越冬性改良理论与实践[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2006
[6]Fowler DB,Gusta LV,Tyler NJ.Selection for winter hardiness in wheat.Ⅲ.Screening methods[J].Crop Sci,1981,21(6):896-901
[7]Fowler DB,Carles RJ.Growth,Development,and Cold Tolerence of Fall-acclimated Cereal Grains[J].Crop Sci,1979,19(6):915-922
[8]申宗坦.作物育种学实验[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1992
[9]侯淑敏,福德平.冬小麦品种抗寒性鉴定的方法及影响因素[J].北京农业,2014(3月下旬):61-62
[10]蒋志春,辛艳,吕志梅,等.冬小麦抗寒性级别划分与鉴定试验[J].天津农林科技,2005(1):7-8
[11]于晶.寒地冬小麦东农冬麦1号抗寒机理研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2009
[12]Marshall HG,Olien CR,Everson EH.Techniques for selection of cold hardiness in cereals[C]//Analysis and improvement of plant cold hardiness.Oxford:Pergamon Press,1981:139-159
[13]杨建辉,巨伟,杨学举.冬小麦冻害成因及其抗寒机理与对策[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(1):33-36,40
[14]王永华,魏凤珍,李金才,等.小麦冻害类型、诊断特征及其预防对策与补救措施[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(4):345-348
[15]孙学成,胡承孝,谭启玲.低温胁迫下铝对冬小麦抗氧化防御系统及膜脂过氧化的影响[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2006,32(2):175-182
[16]朱佳,梁永超,丁燕芳,等.硅对低温胁迫下冬小麦幼苗光合作用及相关生理特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(9):1780-1788
[17]冯素伟,董娜,胡铁柱,等.不同小麦品种抗低温能力比较[J].河南科技学院学报,2010,38(3):4-7
[18]游光霞,孙果忠,张秀英,等.中国黄淮海地区小麦品种抗寒性及其与VRN1基因型的关系[J].作物学报,2015,41(4):557-564
[19]曹文昕,万映秀,张琪琪,等.黄淮麦区主要推广小麦品种抗寒性的演变规律[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(1):57-63
[20]王永玖,闫洪凯,于国宜,等.小麦种质资源在育种上应用价值的鉴定与评价[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(17):10214-10217
[21]吴青霞.春季低温胁迫下小麦生理生化反应及抗寒基因的差异表达[D].陕西:西北农林科技大学,2013
[22]徐澜,高志强,安伟,等.冬麦春播小麦穗分化阶段对低温胁迫的响应及耐寒性[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1679-1686