南宁市湖库型饮用水源景观结构与涵养功能关系耦合优化
|
摘要
为探明湖库型饮用水源景观结构与涵养功能间的内在机理,优化水源涵养林功能,保护水源安全,借助遥感解译技术得到各用地类型面积并计算水源涵养功能指数,依据取水量和水源涵养量间水量平衡模式计算所需最小森林面积,应用多元数量分析方法探究水源涵养功能指数、景观格局指数、水质指标之间的耦合关系。结果表明:(1)水源地3 km缓冲区较500 m缓冲区的水源涵养功能有所下降。(2)用最小面积法优化筛选出以软阔叶林、栎林、硬阔叶林、竹林为主的岸边带森林生态系统可有效提高水源涵养功能,最大限度的满足饮用水源保护区面积、集雨区面积和涵养区面积间的数量关系。(3)水源涵养功能与景观格局、水资源、水质和污染物排放间可建立起通过显著性检验的多元回归拟合模型方程。(4)多维尺度综合分析过程可诊断出南宁市湖库型饮用水源在生态系统稳定性、水资源量和水质方面存在的生态安全与风险隐患问题,建议南宁市开展饮用水源环境综合整治、生态系统保护与修复工作。
To analyze the internal mechanism between landscape structure and conservation function of lake and reservoir drinking water sources, optimize forest water conservation, and protect water sources, land use/cover information was first obtained on the basis of satellite remote sensing interpretation to calculate the water conservation function index. Later, according to the balance between water withdrawal and conservation, minimum required forest areas of different specific forest types for each reservoir drinking water source were estimated. Finally, multi-dimensional analysis methods were adopted to evaluate the relationships among the water conservation function index, landscape ecological indices, and water quality of the reservoir drinking water sources. The results showed that:(1) the water source conservation function of the 3 km buffer zone of the reservoirs is slightly lower than that of the 500 m buffer zone.(2) Screen riparian forest ecosystems dominated by soft broad-leaved forests, oak forests, hard broad-leaved forests, and bamboo effectively improve the capability of water conservation, meet the requirement of the quantitative relationship and functions of drinking water conservation, rain collection, and protection areas delineating.(3) Regression model equations can be established using the water conservation function index, landscape pattern indices, water resources, water quality, and pollutant discharge.(4) The comprehensive multi-dimensional scale analysis can evaluate the ecological safety and risks of ecosystem stability and water resource quantity and quality of Nanning lake and reservoir drinking water sources. We recommend Nanning City to conduct comprehensive programs and improve the drinking water source environment and ecological system protection and restoration.
To analyze the internal mechanism between landscape structure and conservation function of lake and reservoir drinking water sources, optimize forest water conservation, and protect water sources, land use/cover information was first obtained on the basis of satellite remote sensing interpretation to calculate the water conservation function index. Later, according to the balance between water withdrawal and conservation, minimum required forest areas of different specific forest types for each reservoir drinking water source were estimated. Finally, multi-dimensional analysis methods were adopted to evaluate the relationships among the water conservation function index, landscape ecological indices, and water quality of the reservoir drinking water sources. The results showed that:(1) the water source conservation function of the 3 km buffer zone of the reservoirs is slightly lower than that of the 500 m buffer zone.(2) Screen riparian forest ecosystems dominated by soft broad-leaved forests, oak forests, hard broad-leaved forests, and bamboo effectively improve the capability of water conservation, meet the requirement of the quantitative relationship and functions of drinking water conservation, rain collection, and protection areas delineating.(3) Regression model equations can be established using the water conservation function index, landscape pattern indices, water resources, water quality, and pollutant discharge.(4) The comprehensive multi-dimensional scale analysis can evaluate the ecological safety and risks of ecosystem stability and water resource quantity and quality of Nanning lake and reservoir drinking water sources. We recommend Nanning City to conduct comprehensive programs and improve the drinking water source environment and ecological system protection and restoration.
引文
[1] 杨胜天,王雪蕾,刘昌明,盛浩然,李茜.岸边带生态系统研究进展.环境科学学报,2007,27(6):894- 905.
[2] 吴后建,但新球,黄哲,舒勇,李志国.基于“水质一水量”联合恢复的水资源系统保护研究——以江西新余孔目江流域为例.水资源与水工程学报,2010,21(2):113- 117.
[3] Yu S X,Shang J C,Zhao J S,Guo H C.Factor analysis and dynamics of water quality of the Songhua River,northeast China.Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,2003,144(1/4):159- 169.
[4] Kelepertzis E.Investigating the sources and potential health risks of environmental contaminants in the soils and drinking waters from the rural clusters in Thiva area (Greece).Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014,100:258- 265.
[5] Goldar B,Banerjee N.Impact of informal regulation of pollution on water Quality in rivers in India.Journal of Environmental Management,2004,73(2):117- 130.
[6] 王耕,王利,吴伟.基于GIS的辽河干流饮用水源地生态安全演变趋势.应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2548- 2553.
[7] Ma J,Chen X,Huang B,Shi Y,Chi G Y,Lu C Y.Utilizing water characteristics and sediment nitrogen isotopic features to identify non-point nitrogen pollution sources at watershed scale in Liaoning Province,China.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(4):2699- 2707.
[8] Lock A,Spiers G,Hostetler B,Ray J,Wallschlager D.Multi-dimensional water quality assessment of an urban drinking water source elucidated by high resolution underwater towed vehicle mapping.Water Research,2016,93:289- 295.
[9] Zhang L E,Qin J,Zhang Z Y,Li Q,Huang J L,Peng X W,Qing L,Liang G Q,Liang L H,Huang Y M,Yang X B,Zou Y F.Concentrations and potential health risks of methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) in air and drinking water from Nanning,South China.Science of the Total Environment,2016,541:1348- 1354.
[10] Bautista-de los Santos Q M,Schroeder J L,Blakemore O,Moses J,Haffey M,Sloan W,Pinto A J.The impact of sampling,PCR,and sequencing replication on discerning changes in drinking water bacterial community over diurnal time-scales.Water Research,2016,90:216- 224.
[11] Issa S A M,Uosif M A M,Tammam M,Elsaman R.A comparative study of the radiological hazard in sediments samples from drinking water purification plants supplied from different sources.Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences,2014,7(1):80- 94.
[12] Singh K P,Malik A,Mohan D,Sinha S.Multivariate statistical techniques for the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Gomti River (India)—a case study.Water Research,2004,38(18):3980- 3992.
[13] 岳隽,王仰麟,李贵才,吴健生,谢苗苗.深圳市西部库区景观格局与水质的关联特征.应用生态学报,2008,19(1):203- 207.
[14] 赵志轩,张彪,金鑫,翁白莎,严登华,鲍淑君.海河流域景观空间梯度格局及其与环境因子的关系.生态学报,2011,31(7):1925- 1935.
[15] 黄金良,李青生,洪华生,林杰,曲盟超.九龙江流域土地利用/景观格局-水质的初步关联分析.环境科学,2011,32(1):64- 72.
[16] 刘文竹,王晓燕,欧洋.密云水库小流域不同尺度景观格局与水质的相关性分析.首都师范大学学报:自然科学版,2013,34(6):70- 75.
[17] Legay C,Cloutier G,Chakhar S,Joerin F,Rodriguez M J.Estimation of urban water supply issues at the local scale:a participatory approach.Climatic Change,2015,130(4):491- 503.
[18] 王晓学,沈会涛,李叙勇,景峰.森林水源涵养功能的多尺度内涵、过程及计量方法.生态学报,2013,33(4):1019- 1030.
[19] 张华兵,刘红玉,郝敬锋,李玉凤.自然和人工管理驱动下盐城海滨湿地景观格局演变特征与空间差异.生态学报,2012,32(1):101- 110.
[20] Cadenasso M L,Pickett S T A,Weathers K C,Jones C G.A framework for a theory of ecological boundaries.Bioscience,2003,53(8):750- 758.
[21] 王红梅,王堃.景观生态界面边界判定与动态模拟研究进展.生态学报,2017,37(17):5905- 5914.
[22] 蔡博峰,于嵘.景观生态学中的尺度分析方法.生态学报,2008,28(5):2279- 2287.
[23] 王小平,张飞,李晓航,曹灿,郭苗,陈丽华.艾比湖区域景观格局空间特征与地表水质的关联分析.生态学报,2017,37(22):7438- 7452.
[24] 徐延达,傅伯杰,吕一河.基于模型的景观格局与生态过程研究.生态学报,2010,30(1):212- 220.
[25] 赵鹏,夏北成,秦建桥,赵华荣.流域景观格局与河流水质的多变量相关分析.生态学报,2012,32(8):2331- 2341.
[26] 孙贤斌,刘红玉.基于生态功能评价的湿地景观格局优化及其效应——以江苏盐城海滨湿地为例.生态学报,2010,30(5):1157- 1166.
[27] 李建军,张会儒,刘帅,邝祝芳,王传立,臧颢,曹旭鹏.基于改进PSO的洞庭湖水源涵养林空间优化模型.生态学报,2013,33(13):4031- 4040.
[28] 刘丽娟,李小玉,何兴元.流域尺度上的景观格局与河流水质关系研究进展.生态学报,2011,31(19):5460- 5465.
[2] 吴后建,但新球,黄哲,舒勇,李志国.基于“水质一水量”联合恢复的水资源系统保护研究——以江西新余孔目江流域为例.水资源与水工程学报,2010,21(2):113- 117.
[3] Yu S X,Shang J C,Zhao J S,Guo H C.Factor analysis and dynamics of water quality of the Songhua River,northeast China.Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,2003,144(1/4):159- 169.
[4] Kelepertzis E.Investigating the sources and potential health risks of environmental contaminants in the soils and drinking waters from the rural clusters in Thiva area (Greece).Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014,100:258- 265.
[5] Goldar B,Banerjee N.Impact of informal regulation of pollution on water Quality in rivers in India.Journal of Environmental Management,2004,73(2):117- 130.
[6] 王耕,王利,吴伟.基于GIS的辽河干流饮用水源地生态安全演变趋势.应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2548- 2553.
[7] Ma J,Chen X,Huang B,Shi Y,Chi G Y,Lu C Y.Utilizing water characteristics and sediment nitrogen isotopic features to identify non-point nitrogen pollution sources at watershed scale in Liaoning Province,China.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(4):2699- 2707.
[8] Lock A,Spiers G,Hostetler B,Ray J,Wallschlager D.Multi-dimensional water quality assessment of an urban drinking water source elucidated by high resolution underwater towed vehicle mapping.Water Research,2016,93:289- 295.
[9] Zhang L E,Qin J,Zhang Z Y,Li Q,Huang J L,Peng X W,Qing L,Liang G Q,Liang L H,Huang Y M,Yang X B,Zou Y F.Concentrations and potential health risks of methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) in air and drinking water from Nanning,South China.Science of the Total Environment,2016,541:1348- 1354.
[10] Bautista-de los Santos Q M,Schroeder J L,Blakemore O,Moses J,Haffey M,Sloan W,Pinto A J.The impact of sampling,PCR,and sequencing replication on discerning changes in drinking water bacterial community over diurnal time-scales.Water Research,2016,90:216- 224.
[11] Issa S A M,Uosif M A M,Tammam M,Elsaman R.A comparative study of the radiological hazard in sediments samples from drinking water purification plants supplied from different sources.Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences,2014,7(1):80- 94.
[12] Singh K P,Malik A,Mohan D,Sinha S.Multivariate statistical techniques for the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Gomti River (India)—a case study.Water Research,2004,38(18):3980- 3992.
[13] 岳隽,王仰麟,李贵才,吴健生,谢苗苗.深圳市西部库区景观格局与水质的关联特征.应用生态学报,2008,19(1):203- 207.
[14] 赵志轩,张彪,金鑫,翁白莎,严登华,鲍淑君.海河流域景观空间梯度格局及其与环境因子的关系.生态学报,2011,31(7):1925- 1935.
[15] 黄金良,李青生,洪华生,林杰,曲盟超.九龙江流域土地利用/景观格局-水质的初步关联分析.环境科学,2011,32(1):64- 72.
[16] 刘文竹,王晓燕,欧洋.密云水库小流域不同尺度景观格局与水质的相关性分析.首都师范大学学报:自然科学版,2013,34(6):70- 75.
[17] Legay C,Cloutier G,Chakhar S,Joerin F,Rodriguez M J.Estimation of urban water supply issues at the local scale:a participatory approach.Climatic Change,2015,130(4):491- 503.
[18] 王晓学,沈会涛,李叙勇,景峰.森林水源涵养功能的多尺度内涵、过程及计量方法.生态学报,2013,33(4):1019- 1030.
[19] 张华兵,刘红玉,郝敬锋,李玉凤.自然和人工管理驱动下盐城海滨湿地景观格局演变特征与空间差异.生态学报,2012,32(1):101- 110.
[20] Cadenasso M L,Pickett S T A,Weathers K C,Jones C G.A framework for a theory of ecological boundaries.Bioscience,2003,53(8):750- 758.
[21] 王红梅,王堃.景观生态界面边界判定与动态模拟研究进展.生态学报,2017,37(17):5905- 5914.
[22] 蔡博峰,于嵘.景观生态学中的尺度分析方法.生态学报,2008,28(5):2279- 2287.
[23] 王小平,张飞,李晓航,曹灿,郭苗,陈丽华.艾比湖区域景观格局空间特征与地表水质的关联分析.生态学报,2017,37(22):7438- 7452.
[24] 徐延达,傅伯杰,吕一河.基于模型的景观格局与生态过程研究.生态学报,2010,30(1):212- 220.
[25] 赵鹏,夏北成,秦建桥,赵华荣.流域景观格局与河流水质的多变量相关分析.生态学报,2012,32(8):2331- 2341.
[26] 孙贤斌,刘红玉.基于生态功能评价的湿地景观格局优化及其效应——以江苏盐城海滨湿地为例.生态学报,2010,30(5):1157- 1166.
[27] 李建军,张会儒,刘帅,邝祝芳,王传立,臧颢,曹旭鹏.基于改进PSO的洞庭湖水源涵养林空间优化模型.生态学报,2013,33(13):4031- 4040.
[28] 刘丽娟,李小玉,何兴元.流域尺度上的景观格局与河流水质关系研究进展.生态学报,2011,31(19):5460- 5465.