整合分析不同施肥运筹下中国农田土壤微生物量的变化特征
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摘要
基于整合分析不同施肥运筹下农田土壤微生物量的变化特征,以期为制定合理的农田管理培肥措施,保障国家粮食安全和缓解气候变化提供科学依据。收集1990-2015年已公开发表的文献数据,采用数据整合分析方法 (Meta-analysis)定量分析施肥类型、施肥年限等人为管理及土壤属性(质地)等因素下施肥(化肥和有机肥)对土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)和土壤微生物量氮(SMBN)含量的影响程度。与对照(CK,不施肥)相比,不同施肥措施均能显著提高SMBC和SMBN含量。不同施肥措施下耕层SMBC和SMBN变化存在空间分异特征,尤其在西北区,厩肥和化肥配施(CFM)能够显著增加SMBC和SMBN含量。不同土壤质地条件下,施用有机肥能显著提高SMBC和SMBN含量。有机肥的施用(增施或配施),尤其在西北地区以及土壤肥力水平较低的沙壤土地区,对于农田土壤肥力维持与提升均具有重要意义。
Aimed at providing a scientific basis for formulating reasonable farmland management policy,safeguarding national food security and mitigating climate change,we integrated to analyze the variation characteristics of soil microbial biomass under different fertilizations. We collected the data from published literatures in 1990-2015,and used a meta-analysis approach to quantify the effects of fertilizations( chemical fertilizers and organic manure) on the content of soil microbial biomass carbon( SMBC) and nitrogen( SMBN) with different spatial distribution,experimental duration and inherent soil properties( e. g.,texture). Compared with no fertilization( CK),fertilizations significantly increased SMBC and SMBN contents. Different fertilizations showed spatial differentiation in tillage layer; especially in northwest China,combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers significantly increased more SMBC and SMBN contents than those in northeast and southeast China. Significantly,loam soil with organic manure application was with more SMBC and SMBN contents than those of clay,silt-loam and sandy-loam soils. Therefore,organic manure application( addition or combination) would significantly sustain and improve soil organic carbon and fertility in northwest China or other low soil fertility areas.
Aimed at providing a scientific basis for formulating reasonable farmland management policy,safeguarding national food security and mitigating climate change,we integrated to analyze the variation characteristics of soil microbial biomass under different fertilizations. We collected the data from published literatures in 1990-2015,and used a meta-analysis approach to quantify the effects of fertilizations( chemical fertilizers and organic manure) on the content of soil microbial biomass carbon( SMBC) and nitrogen( SMBN) with different spatial distribution,experimental duration and inherent soil properties( e. g.,texture). Compared with no fertilization( CK),fertilizations significantly increased SMBC and SMBN contents. Different fertilizations showed spatial differentiation in tillage layer; especially in northwest China,combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers significantly increased more SMBC and SMBN contents than those in northeast and southeast China. Significantly,loam soil with organic manure application was with more SMBC and SMBN contents than those of clay,silt-loam and sandy-loam soils. Therefore,organic manure application( addition or combination) would significantly sustain and improve soil organic carbon and fertility in northwest China or other low soil fertility areas.
引文
[1]李娟,赵秉强,李秀英,等.长期有机无机肥料配施对土壤微生物学特性及土壤肥力的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(1):144-152.LI J,ZHAO B Q,LI X Y,et al.Effects of long-term combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil microbiological properties and soil fertility[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2008,41(1):144-152.
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[5]熊志强,霍朝晨,张炜然,等.牛粪堆肥过程中土霉素降解及其与微生物群落结构的关系[J].土壤与作物,2018,7(2):111-119.XIONG Z Q,HUO Z C,ZHANG W R,et al.Terramycin degradation during cattle manures composting and its relationship to microbial community structure[J].Soils and Crops,2018,7(2):111-119.
[6]YUSUF A A,ABAIDOO R C,IWUAFOR E N O,et al.Rotation effects of grain legumes and fallow on maize yield,microbial biomass and chemical properties of an Alfisol in the Nigerian savanna[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2009,129(1-3):325-331.
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[8]徐一兰,唐海明,肖小平,等.长期施肥对双季稻田土壤微生物学特性的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(18):5847-5855.XU Y L,TANG H M,XIAO X P,et al.Effects of different long-term fertilization regimes on the soil microbiological properties of a paddy field[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(18):5847-5855.
[9]邹建文,黄耀,宗良纲,等.不同种类有机肥施用对稻田CH4和N2O排放的综合影响[J].环境科学,2003,24(4):7-11.ZOU J W,HUANG Y,ZONG L G,et al.Integrated effect of incorporation with different organic manures on CH4and N2O emissions from rice paddy[J].Environmental Science,2003,24(4):7-11.
[10]OSENBERG C W,SAMELLE O,COOPER S D,et al.Resolving ecological questions through meta-analysis:Goals,metrics,and models[J].Ecology,1999,80(4):1105-1117.
[11]LUO Y Q,HUI D F,ZHANG D Q.Elevated CO2stimulates net accumulations of carbon and nitrogen in land ecosystems:A meta-analysis[J].Ecology,2006,87(1):53-63.
[12]GUREVITCH J,HEDGES L V.Statistical issues in ecological meta-analyses[J].Ecology,1999,80(4):1142-1149.
[13]GUREVITCH J,HEDGES L.Meta-analysis:Combining the results of independent experiments[M].In:SCHEINER S M and GURE-VITCH J,(eds).Design and analysis of ecological experiments.Oxford,UK:Oxford University Press,2001:347-369.
[14]JOHNSON D W,CURTIS P S.Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage:Meta-analysis[J].Forest Ecology Management,2002,140(2-3):227-238.
[15]POSTMA-BLAAUW M B,DE GOEDE R G M,BLOEM J,et al.Soil biota community structure and abundance under agricultural intensification and extensification[J].Ecology,2010,91(2):460-473.
[16]ALVAREZ C R,ALVAREZ R.Short-term effects of tillage systems on active soil microbial biomass[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2000,31(2):157-161.
[17]CHAKRABORTY A,CHAKRABARTI K,CHAKRABORTY A,et al.Effect of long-term fertilizers and manure application on microbial biomass and microbial activity of a tropical agricultural soil[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2011,47(2):227-233.
[18]TRESEDER K K.Nitrogen additions and microbial biomass:A meta-analysis of ecosystem studies[J].Ecology Letters,2008,11(10):1111-1120.
[19]ZHANG N L,WAN S Q,LI L H,et al.Impacts of urea N addition on soil microbial community in a semi-arid temperate steppe in northern China[J].Plant and Soil,2008,311(1-2):19-28.
[20]JIAN S Y,LI J W,CHEN J,et al.Soil extracellular enzyme activities,soil carbon and nitrogen storage under nitrogen fertilization:A metaanalysis[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2016,101:32-43.
[21]KALLENBACH C,GRANDY A S.Controls over soil microbial biomass responses to carbon amendments in agricultural systems:A meta-analysis[J].Agriculture,Ecosystemsand Environment,2011,144(1):241-252.
[22]GEISSELER D,LAZICKI P A,SCOW K M.Mineral nitrogen input decreases microbial biomass in soils under grasslands but not annual crops[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2016,106:1-10.
[23]JANGID K,WILLIAMS M A,FRANZLUEBBERS A J,et al.Relative impacts of land-use,management intensity and fertilization upon soil microbial community structure in agricultural systems[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(11):2843-2853.
[24]MALIK A A,PUISSANT J,BUCKERIDGE K M,et al.Land use driven change in soil pH affects microbial carbon cycling processes[J].Nature communications,2018,9(1):3591.
[25]于镇华,李彦生,金剑,等.不同施肥措施对农田黑土剖面土壤酶活性特征的影响[J].土壤与作物,2018,27(3):276-283.YU Z H,LI Y S,JIN J,et al.Effects of fertilization on soil enzyme activities of arable black soil profiles under soybean-maize rotation system[J].Soils and Crops,2018,7(3):276-283.
[26]ZENG J,LIU X J,SONG L,et al.Nitrogen fertilization directly affects soil bacterial diversity and indirectly affects bacterial community composition[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2016,92:41-49.
[27]田康,赵永存,徐向华,等.不同施肥下中国旱地土壤有机碳变化特征-基于定位试验数据的Meta分析[J].生态学报,2014,34(13):3735-3743.TIAN K,ZHAO Y C,XU X H,et al.A meta-analysis of field experiment data for characterizing the topsoil organic carbon changes under different fertilization treatments in uplands of China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(13):3735-3743.
[28]GOYAL S,CHANDER K,MUNDRA M C,et al.Influence of inorganic fertilizers and organic amendments on soil organic matter and soil microbial properties under tropical conditions[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,1999,29(2):196-200.
[29]任凤玲,张旭博,孙楠,等.施用有机肥对中国农田土壤微生物量影响的整合分析[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(1):119-128.REN F L,ZHANG X B,SUN N,et al.A meta-analysis of manure application impact on soil microbial biomass across China's croplands[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2018,51(1):119-128.
[30]王传杰,肖婧,蔡岸冬,等.不同气候与施肥条件下农田土壤微生物生物量特征与容量分析[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(6):1067-1075.WANG C J,XIAO J,CAI A D,et al.Capacity and characteristics of soil microbial biomass under various climate and fertilization conditions across China croplands[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(6):1067-1075.
[31]GEISSELER D,SCOW K M.Long-term effects of mineral fertilizers on soil microorganisms-A review[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2014,75:54-63.
[32]臧逸飞,郝明德,张丽琼,等.26年长期施肥对土壤微生物量碳,氮及土壤呼吸的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(5):1445-1451.ZANG Y F,HAO M D,ZHANG L Q,et al.Effects of wheat cultivation and fertilization on soil microbial biomass carbon,soil microbial biomass nitrogen and soil basal respiration in 26 years[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(5):1445-1451.
[33]FOLEY J A,DE FRIES R,ASNER G P,et al.Global consequences of land use[J].Science,2005,309(5734):570-574.
[34]张桃林,李忠佩,王兴祥.高度集约农业利用导致的土壤退化及其生态环境效应[J].土壤学报,2006,43(5):843-850.ZHANG T L,LI Z P,WANG X X.Soil degradation and its eco-environmental impact under highly-intensified agriculture[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2006,43(5):843-850.
[35]CORDELL D,DRANGERT J O,WHITE S.The story of phosphorus:Global food security and food for thought[J].Global Environmental Change,2009,19(2):292-305.
[2]范珍珍,王鑫,王超,等.整合分析氮磷添加对土壤酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(4):1266-1272.FAN Z Z,WANG X,WANG C,et al.Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on soil enzyme activities:A meta-analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(4):1266-1272.
[3]沈善敏.国外的长期肥料试验(一)[J].土壤通报,1984(2):85-91.SHEN S M.Long-term fertilizer experiment at abroad[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,1984(2):85-91.
[4]贾伟,周怀平,解文艳,等.长期有机无机肥配施对褐土微生物生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(4):700-705.JIA W,ZHOU H P,XIE W Y,et al.Effects of long-term inorganic fertilizer combined with organic manure on microbial biomass C,N and enzyme activity in cinnamon soil[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2008,14(4):700-705.
[5]熊志强,霍朝晨,张炜然,等.牛粪堆肥过程中土霉素降解及其与微生物群落结构的关系[J].土壤与作物,2018,7(2):111-119.XIONG Z Q,HUO Z C,ZHANG W R,et al.Terramycin degradation during cattle manures composting and its relationship to microbial community structure[J].Soils and Crops,2018,7(2):111-119.
[6]YUSUF A A,ABAIDOO R C,IWUAFOR E N O,et al.Rotation effects of grain legumes and fallow on maize yield,microbial biomass and chemical properties of an Alfisol in the Nigerian savanna[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2009,129(1-3):325-331.
[7]郭成藏,李鲁华,黄金花,等.秸秆还田对长期连作棉田土壤微生物量碳氮磷的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2015,32(3):296-304.GUO C Z,LI L H,HUANG J H,et al.Effects of cotton straw incorporation on soil microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in long-term continuous cropping cotton field[J].Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2015,32(3):296-304.
[8]徐一兰,唐海明,肖小平,等.长期施肥对双季稻田土壤微生物学特性的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(18):5847-5855.XU Y L,TANG H M,XIAO X P,et al.Effects of different long-term fertilization regimes on the soil microbiological properties of a paddy field[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(18):5847-5855.
[9]邹建文,黄耀,宗良纲,等.不同种类有机肥施用对稻田CH4和N2O排放的综合影响[J].环境科学,2003,24(4):7-11.ZOU J W,HUANG Y,ZONG L G,et al.Integrated effect of incorporation with different organic manures on CH4and N2O emissions from rice paddy[J].Environmental Science,2003,24(4):7-11.
[10]OSENBERG C W,SAMELLE O,COOPER S D,et al.Resolving ecological questions through meta-analysis:Goals,metrics,and models[J].Ecology,1999,80(4):1105-1117.
[11]LUO Y Q,HUI D F,ZHANG D Q.Elevated CO2stimulates net accumulations of carbon and nitrogen in land ecosystems:A meta-analysis[J].Ecology,2006,87(1):53-63.
[12]GUREVITCH J,HEDGES L V.Statistical issues in ecological meta-analyses[J].Ecology,1999,80(4):1142-1149.
[13]GUREVITCH J,HEDGES L.Meta-analysis:Combining the results of independent experiments[M].In:SCHEINER S M and GURE-VITCH J,(eds).Design and analysis of ecological experiments.Oxford,UK:Oxford University Press,2001:347-369.
[14]JOHNSON D W,CURTIS P S.Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage:Meta-analysis[J].Forest Ecology Management,2002,140(2-3):227-238.
[15]POSTMA-BLAAUW M B,DE GOEDE R G M,BLOEM J,et al.Soil biota community structure and abundance under agricultural intensification and extensification[J].Ecology,2010,91(2):460-473.
[16]ALVAREZ C R,ALVAREZ R.Short-term effects of tillage systems on active soil microbial biomass[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2000,31(2):157-161.
[17]CHAKRABORTY A,CHAKRABARTI K,CHAKRABORTY A,et al.Effect of long-term fertilizers and manure application on microbial biomass and microbial activity of a tropical agricultural soil[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2011,47(2):227-233.
[18]TRESEDER K K.Nitrogen additions and microbial biomass:A meta-analysis of ecosystem studies[J].Ecology Letters,2008,11(10):1111-1120.
[19]ZHANG N L,WAN S Q,LI L H,et al.Impacts of urea N addition on soil microbial community in a semi-arid temperate steppe in northern China[J].Plant and Soil,2008,311(1-2):19-28.
[20]JIAN S Y,LI J W,CHEN J,et al.Soil extracellular enzyme activities,soil carbon and nitrogen storage under nitrogen fertilization:A metaanalysis[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2016,101:32-43.
[21]KALLENBACH C,GRANDY A S.Controls over soil microbial biomass responses to carbon amendments in agricultural systems:A meta-analysis[J].Agriculture,Ecosystemsand Environment,2011,144(1):241-252.
[22]GEISSELER D,LAZICKI P A,SCOW K M.Mineral nitrogen input decreases microbial biomass in soils under grasslands but not annual crops[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2016,106:1-10.
[23]JANGID K,WILLIAMS M A,FRANZLUEBBERS A J,et al.Relative impacts of land-use,management intensity and fertilization upon soil microbial community structure in agricultural systems[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(11):2843-2853.
[24]MALIK A A,PUISSANT J,BUCKERIDGE K M,et al.Land use driven change in soil pH affects microbial carbon cycling processes[J].Nature communications,2018,9(1):3591.
[25]于镇华,李彦生,金剑,等.不同施肥措施对农田黑土剖面土壤酶活性特征的影响[J].土壤与作物,2018,27(3):276-283.YU Z H,LI Y S,JIN J,et al.Effects of fertilization on soil enzyme activities of arable black soil profiles under soybean-maize rotation system[J].Soils and Crops,2018,7(3):276-283.
[26]ZENG J,LIU X J,SONG L,et al.Nitrogen fertilization directly affects soil bacterial diversity and indirectly affects bacterial community composition[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2016,92:41-49.
[27]田康,赵永存,徐向华,等.不同施肥下中国旱地土壤有机碳变化特征-基于定位试验数据的Meta分析[J].生态学报,2014,34(13):3735-3743.TIAN K,ZHAO Y C,XU X H,et al.A meta-analysis of field experiment data for characterizing the topsoil organic carbon changes under different fertilization treatments in uplands of China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(13):3735-3743.
[28]GOYAL S,CHANDER K,MUNDRA M C,et al.Influence of inorganic fertilizers and organic amendments on soil organic matter and soil microbial properties under tropical conditions[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,1999,29(2):196-200.
[29]任凤玲,张旭博,孙楠,等.施用有机肥对中国农田土壤微生物量影响的整合分析[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(1):119-128.REN F L,ZHANG X B,SUN N,et al.A meta-analysis of manure application impact on soil microbial biomass across China's croplands[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2018,51(1):119-128.
[30]王传杰,肖婧,蔡岸冬,等.不同气候与施肥条件下农田土壤微生物生物量特征与容量分析[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(6):1067-1075.WANG C J,XIAO J,CAI A D,et al.Capacity and characteristics of soil microbial biomass under various climate and fertilization conditions across China croplands[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(6):1067-1075.
[31]GEISSELER D,SCOW K M.Long-term effects of mineral fertilizers on soil microorganisms-A review[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2014,75:54-63.
[32]臧逸飞,郝明德,张丽琼,等.26年长期施肥对土壤微生物量碳,氮及土壤呼吸的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(5):1445-1451.ZANG Y F,HAO M D,ZHANG L Q,et al.Effects of wheat cultivation and fertilization on soil microbial biomass carbon,soil microbial biomass nitrogen and soil basal respiration in 26 years[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(5):1445-1451.
[33]FOLEY J A,DE FRIES R,ASNER G P,et al.Global consequences of land use[J].Science,2005,309(5734):570-574.
[34]张桃林,李忠佩,王兴祥.高度集约农业利用导致的土壤退化及其生态环境效应[J].土壤学报,2006,43(5):843-850.ZHANG T L,LI Z P,WANG X X.Soil degradation and its eco-environmental impact under highly-intensified agriculture[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2006,43(5):843-850.
[35]CORDELL D,DRANGERT J O,WHITE S.The story of phosphorus:Global food security and food for thought[J].Global Environmental Change,2009,19(2):292-305.
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