中国标准动车组齿轮箱箱体动态特性分析研究
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摘要
通过线路试验获取了中国标准动车组齿轮箱箱体振动加速度时间历程。结合车载GPS信号,分析了列车运行速度、轨道结构条件、通过道岔等典型工况下齿轮箱箱体的振动响应及变化规律。采用核密度估计函数分析箱体振动加速度的分布特点,并依据3σ准则给出了不同出现概率下箱体振动加速度的最大幅值。研究结果表明:随着列车运行速度的增大,箱体振动强度呈现增大趋势;列车由有砟轨道进入无砟轨道时,齿轮箱箱体横向、垂向振动加速度有效值分别增大了28%,29%;列车通过道岔时,齿轮箱箱体振动加速度幅值及有效值均有较大的波动。采用核密度估计的加速度概率分布与实测数据更为吻合,350km/h列车运行速度下,出现概率为99.73%时箱体横向、垂向振动加速度幅值分别为10.69g,8.78g。该研究获得的齿轮箱箱体动态特性为高速列车齿轮箱箱体的开发和运用提供参考。
The time history of the vibration acceleration signal of Chinese standard EMU gearbox housing was measured by ontrack test.The influences of train speed,track condition and switch passing on gearbox housing vibration response were investigated with the help of the vehicle GPS signal.The distribution characteristics of the gearbox vibration acceleration are analyzed by the kernel density estimation(KDE)function,and the maximum amplitude of the vibration acceleration under different probabilities are given according to 3σcriterion.The results show that with the increase of the train speed,the vibration intensity of the gearbox increases as well.The effective values of the lateral and vertical vibration acceleration increase by 28%and29%respectively,when the train runs into the ballasted-track section from nonballasted-track section.When the train passes the switch,the amplitude and effective values of the gearbox vibration acceleration fluctuate greatly.The acceleration probability distribution curve using KDE function better coincides with the measured data than normal distribution.The amplitudes of the lateral and vertical vibration acceleration are 10.69 gand 8.78 gwhen the probability is 99.73%under the running speed 350 km/h.The result of this study provides some guidance for the development of high speed train gearbox.
The time history of the vibration acceleration signal of Chinese standard EMU gearbox housing was measured by ontrack test.The influences of train speed,track condition and switch passing on gearbox housing vibration response were investigated with the help of the vehicle GPS signal.The distribution characteristics of the gearbox vibration acceleration are analyzed by the kernel density estimation(KDE)function,and the maximum amplitude of the vibration acceleration under different probabilities are given according to 3σcriterion.The results show that with the increase of the train speed,the vibration intensity of the gearbox increases as well.The effective values of the lateral and vertical vibration acceleration increase by 28%and29%respectively,when the train runs into the ballasted-track section from nonballasted-track section.When the train passes the switch,the amplitude and effective values of the gearbox vibration acceleration fluctuate greatly.The acceleration probability distribution curve using KDE function better coincides with the measured data than normal distribution.The amplitudes of the lateral and vertical vibration acceleration are 10.69 gand 8.78 gwhen the probability is 99.73%under the running speed 350 km/h.The result of this study provides some guidance for the development of high speed train gearbox.
引文
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[2]刘建强,魏远乐,胡辉.高速列车节能运行优化控制方法研究[J].铁道学报,2014,36(10):7-13.LIU Jian-qiang,WEI Yuan-le,HU Hui.Research on optimization control method of energy-saving operation of high-speed trains[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2014,36(10):7-13.
[3]李广全,刘志明,王文静,等.高速动车组齿轮箱疲劳裂纹机理分析研究[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(2):99-105.LI Guang-quan,LIU Zhi-ming,WANG Wen-jing,et al.Fatigue crack mechanism study on high-speed EMU gearbox[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(2):99-105.
[4]常程城.高速列车齿轮箱线路试验及振动传递关系研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.CHANG Cheng-cheng.Transmission relationship between high-speed train gearbox line test and vibration[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2015.
[5]袁雨青,李强,杨光,等.高速列车齿轮箱线路测试与异常振动分析[J].铁道机车车辆,2016,36(1):24-29.YUAN Yu-qing,LI Qiang,YANG Guang,et al.Line test and abnormal vibration analysis of high-speed train gearbox[J].Railway Locomotive&Car,2016,36(1):24-29.
[6]张丽,任尊松,孙守光,等.考虑齿轮传动影响的高速动车组电机吊架载荷及动应力研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(4):133-140.ZHANG Li,REN Zun-song,SUN Shou-guang,et al.Research on dynamic load and stress of high-speed EMU motor hanger considering influence of gear transmission system[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(4):133-140.
[7] Kahraman A,Blankenship G W.Experiments on nonlinear dynamic behavior of an oscillators with clearance and periodically time-varying parameters[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1997,64:217-226.
[8] Seyranian A P,Solem F,Pedereen P.Multi-parameter linear periodic systems:Sensitivity analysis and applications[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2000,229(1):89-111.
[9]朱才朝,陆波,宋朝省,等.大功率船用齿轮箱系统耦合非线性动态特性的研究[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(9):31-35.ZHU Cai-chao,LU Bo,SONG Chao-sheng,et al.Research on nonlinear coupling dynamitic characteristics of large burden marine gearbox[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(9):31-35.
[10]黄冠华,王兴宇,梅桂明,等.内外激励下高速列车齿轮箱箱体动态响应分析[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(12):95-100.HUANG Guan-hua,WANG Xing-yu,MEI Gui-ming,et al.Dynamic response analysis of gearbox housing system subjected to internal and external excitation in high-speed train[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(12):95-100.
[11] HUANG Guan-hua,ZHOU Ning,ZHANG Weihua.Effect of internal dynamic excitation of the traction system on the dynamic behavior of a high-speed train[J].Institution of Mechanical Engineers,2016,230(8):1899-1907.
[12]任尊松,刘志明.高速动车组振动传递及频率分布规律[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(16):1-7.REN Zun-song,LIU Zhi-ming.Vibration and frequency domain characteristics of high speed EMU[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(16):1-7.
[13] Filippone M,Sanguinetti G.Approximate inference of the bandwidth in multivariate Kernel density estimation[J].Computational Statistics&Data Analysis,2011,55(12):3104-3122.
[14] Mcfarland J,Mahadevan S.Error and variability characterization in structural dynamics modeling[J].Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics&Engineering,2008,197(29):2621-2631.