海洋细菌和舟形底栖硅藻在辣椒素防污涂层上的附着行为与机制
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摘要
针对目前含辣椒素防污涂层抑菌、抑藻试验主要集中在如金黄色葡萄球菌等特定菌种的情况,为了考察含辣椒素防污涂层对海洋微生物的影响,选取大连黄海海域的天然海洋细菌和舟形底栖硅藻作为研究对象,通过对添加辣椒素海水饱和溶液(60 mg/L)的天然新鲜海水和舟形底栖硅藻进行培养,研究了辣椒素对海洋细菌和底栖硅藻生长活性的影响。通过海洋细菌附着试验、海洋细菌的分层取样试验和底栖硅藻的叶绿素a值测定,研究了辣椒素及辣椒素涂层对海洋细菌和舟形底栖硅藻的作用机制。结果表明,海水饱和溶液浓度的辣椒素并不会对海洋细菌和舟形底栖硅藻的生长活性造成影响;含辣椒素防污涂层能够通过辣椒素的驱避作用有效地抑制海洋细菌在涂层表面附着;而辣椒素对舟形底栖硅藻在涂层上的附着无抑制作用。
Currently the antibacterial and algal experiments of capsaicin antifouling coating mainly focus on the specific bacteria species such as staphylococcus aureus. To analyze the effect of capsaicin-containing antifouling coating on marine microorganisms, Navicula tenera and natural marine bacteria in the Yellow Sea area of Dalian were selected as the research subject. Capsaicin was added to natural fresh seawater and Navicula Tenera to observe the effect of capsaicin seawater saturated solution(60 mg/L) on the biological activity of seawater bacteria and Navicula Tenera. The mechanism of action of capsaicin and capsaicin-containing antifouling coating on marine bacteria and Navicula Tenera was studied through marine bacterial attachment experiments, stratified sampling experiments with marine bacteria, and the determination of chlorophyll a values of Navicula Tenera. The results show that capsaicin in seawater saturated solution concentration does not affect the growth activity of marine bacteria and Navicula Tenera. Capsaicin-containing anti-fouling can effectively inhibit the adhesion of marine bacteria on the coating surface by repellent action. However, the addition of capsaicin to the antifouling coating does not effectively inhibit the adherence of Navicula Tenera to the coating.
Currently the antibacterial and algal experiments of capsaicin antifouling coating mainly focus on the specific bacteria species such as staphylococcus aureus. To analyze the effect of capsaicin-containing antifouling coating on marine microorganisms, Navicula tenera and natural marine bacteria in the Yellow Sea area of Dalian were selected as the research subject. Capsaicin was added to natural fresh seawater and Navicula Tenera to observe the effect of capsaicin seawater saturated solution(60 mg/L) on the biological activity of seawater bacteria and Navicula Tenera. The mechanism of action of capsaicin and capsaicin-containing antifouling coating on marine bacteria and Navicula Tenera was studied through marine bacterial attachment experiments, stratified sampling experiments with marine bacteria, and the determination of chlorophyll a values of Navicula Tenera. The results show that capsaicin in seawater saturated solution concentration does not affect the growth activity of marine bacteria and Navicula Tenera. Capsaicin-containing anti-fouling can effectively inhibit the adhesion of marine bacteria on the coating surface by repellent action. However, the addition of capsaicin to the antifouling coating does not effectively inhibit the adherence of Navicula Tenera to the coating.
引文
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[18]赵海洲,倪春花,于良民,等.侧链悬挂辣素衍生结构丙烯酸树脂的合成及抗菌性能研究[J].功能材料,2018,49(7):134-137.ZHAO H Z,NI C H,YU L M,et al.The synthetic and antibacterial properties of the paracal derivative acrylic resin[J].Functional materials,2018,49(7):134-137(in Chinese).
[19]VILLA F,GIACOMUCCI L,POLO A,et al.N-vanillylnonanamide tested as a non-toxic antifoulant,applied to surfaces in a polyurethane coating[J].Biotechnology Letters,2009,31(9):1407-1413.
[20]AL-JUHANI A,NEWBY B M Z.Assessments of capsaicin incorporated silicone rubber as antifouling coatings[J].Journal of Rubber Research,2014,17(3):173-186.
[21]WINDLER M,LEINWEBER K,BARTULOS CR,et al.Biofilm and capsule formation of the diatom Achnanthidium minutissimum are affected by a bacterium[J].Journal of Phycology,2015,51(2):343-355.
[22]ZECHER K,JAGMANN N,SEEMANN P,et al.An efficient screening method for the isolation of heterotrophic bacteria influencing growth of diatoms under photoautotrophic conditions[J].Journal of Microbiological Methods,2015,119:154-162.
[23]MAK J S,RITTSCHOF D,COSTLOW J D,et al.Inhibition of attachment of larval barnacles,Balanus amphitrite,by bacterial surface films[J].Marine Biology,1988,97(2):199-206.
[24]HOLMSTROM C,KJELLEBERG S.Marine Pseudoalteromonas species are associated with higher organisms and produce biologically active extracellular agents[J].Fems Microbiology Ecology,1999,30(4):285-293.
[25]TAIT K,JOINT I,DAYKIN M,et al.Disruption of quorum sensing in seawater abolishes attraction of zoospores of the green alga Ulva to bacterial biofilms[J].Environmental Microbiology,2005,7(2):229-240.
[26]ZARDUS J D,NEDVED B T,HUANG Y,et al.Microbial biofilms facilitate adhesion in biofouling invertebrates[J].The Biological Bulletin,2008,214(1):91-98.
[27]段东霞.污损生物附着机理及酶在生物防污中的应用[J].海洋科学,2011,35(7):107-112.DUAN D X.The adhesive strategies of fouling organism and application of enzyme in antibiofouling[J].Marine Sciences,2011,35(7):107-112(in Chinese).
[28]OLIVER J F,MASON S G.Liquid spreading on rough metal surfaces[J].Journal of Materials Science,1980,15(2):431-437.
[29]TURGUT C,NEWBY B M,CUTRIGHT T J.Cutright.Determiantion of optimal water solubility of capsaicin for its usage as a non-toxic antifoulant[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2004,11(1):7-10.
[30]黄晓冬,张占平,齐育红,等.水性聚氨酯防污涂料的海洋细菌附着实验[J].大连海事大学学报(自然科学版),2007,33(1):6-9.HUANG X D,ZHANG Z P,QI Y H,et al.Marine bacterial adhesion test of waterborne polyurethane antifouling coating[J].Journal of Dalian Maritime University,2007,33(1):6 -9(in Chinese).
[31]刘红,张占平,齐育红,等.无毒防污涂料表面底栖硅藻附着评价的实验方法[J].海洋环境科学,2006,25(3):89-92.LIU H,ZHANG Z P,QI Y H,et al.Experimental methods of evaluating biofouling of marine benthic diatoms on non-toxic antifouling coating[J].Marine Environmental Science,2006,25(3):89-92(in Chinese).
[32]陈世化.辣椒素类物质抑菌作用的研究与评价[D].湖南:湖南农业大学,2008.CHEN S H.Research and evaluation on capsaicinoids’antimicrobial effect[D].Hunan:Hunan Agricultural University,2008(in Chinese).
[33]金德祥,程兆第,林均民,等.中国海洋底栖硅藻类(上卷)[M].北京:海洋出版社,1982:63-236.JIN D X,CHENG Z D,LIN J M,et al.Chinese marine benthic diatoms(volume)[M].Beijing:Ocean Press,1982:63-236(in Chinese).
[34]曹杉.海洋底栖硅藻附着机理及其防污技术研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.CAO S.Study on the attachment mechanism of marine benthic diatoms and its antifouling technology[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2013(in Chinese).
[2]马春风,吴博,徐文涛,等.海洋防污高分子材料的进展[J].高分子通报,2013(9):87-95.MA C F,WU B,XU W T,et al.Progress in marine antifouling polymer materials[J].Polymer Notification,2013(9):87-95(in Chinese).
[3]HELLIO C,YEBRA D M.Advances in Marine Antifouling Coatings and Technologies[M].Cambridge:Woodhead Publishing Ltd,2009:422-442.
[4]叶章基,陈珊珊,马春风,等.新型环保海洋防污材料研究进展[J].表面技术,2017,46(12):62-70.YE Z J,CHEN S S,MA C F,et al.Development of novel environment-friendly antifouling materials[J].Surface technology,2017,46(12):62-70(in Chinese).
[5]OMAE I.General aspects of tin-free antifouling paints[J].Chemical Reviews,2003,103(9):3431-3448.
[6]OCHI T,TAKAISHI Y,KOGURE K,et al.Antioxidant activity of a new capsaicin derivative from capsaicin annum[J].Journal of Natural Products,2003,66(8):1094-1096.
[7]王金玲,吕长山,于广建,等.辣椒碱的研究进展[J].黑龙江农业科学,2004(3):36-39.WANG J L,LV C S,YU G J,et al.Study advances of capsaicin[J].Heilongjiang Agricultural Science,2004(3):36-39(in Chinese).
[8]郭丽,王巧珍,朱林.辣椒碱抗病原菌活性及其在番茄酱防腐中的应用[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,29(1):117-121.GUO L,WANG Q Z,ZHU L.Study on the anti-pathogenic activities of capsaicin and effects of its antiseptic application to ketchup[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,2006,29(1):117-121(in Chinese).
[9]JONES N L,SHABIB S,SHERMAN P M.Capsaicin as an inhibitor of the growth of the gastric pathogen Helicobater pylori[J].Fems microbiology Letters,1997,146(2):223-227.
[10]张继红,陶能国,李俊丽,等.辣椒素的提取及抑菌活性研究[J].广西植物,2010,30(1):137-140.ZHANG J H,TAO N G,LI J L,et al.Extraction of capsaicin and its anti-microbial activity[J].Guangxi Plant,2010,30(1):137-140(in Chinese).
[11]吴影,古绍彬,张永杰.辣椒中辣椒碱抑菌作用的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(29):130-131.WU Y,GU S B,ZHANG Y J.Study on the antibacterial activity of capsaicin in capsicum[J].Anhui Agricultural Science,2007,35(29):130-131(in Chinese).
[12]郑立稳,孔学,陈贯虹,等.辣椒碱酰胺类似物的合成及抑菌活性研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(3):631-633.ZHENG L W,KONG X,CHEN G H,et al.Synthesis and antifungal activity of substituted capsaicin amide analogues[J].Hubei Agricultural Science,2016,55(3):631-633(in Chinese).
[13]陈荣发.我国辣素防污漆产品填补国内空白[J].海洋信息,2002(4):32-38.CHEN R F.China's spicy antifouling paint products fill the domestic gap[J].Marine Information,2002(4):32-38(in Chinese).
[14]杜伟娜.高纯度人工合成辣椒素在防污涂料中应用效果的研究[J].上海涂料,2009,47(8):1-4.DU W N.Study on the application effect of high purity synthetic capsaicin in antifouling coatings[J].Shanghai Paint,2009,47(8):1-4(in Chinese).
[15]彭必先,王俊莲,彭争宏,等.辣椒素同系物合成、辣度及海洋生物防污性能研究[J].中国科学;化学,2011,41(10):1646-1654.PENG B X,WANG J L,PENG Z H,et al.Study on the synthesis,hotness and antifouling properties of capsaicin homologues[J].Chinese Science;Chemistry,2011,41(10):1646-1654(in Chinese).
[16]于晓琳,于良民,姜晓辉.具类辣素结构丙烯酰胺的合成及其抑菌和防污性能[J].应用化学,2014,31(5):594-599.YU X L,YU L M,JIANG X H.Synthesis and antibacterial and antifouling properties of acrylamide with isoflavin structure[J].Applied Chemistry,2014,31(5):594-599(in Chinese).
[17]张晓春,于良民,姜晓辉.含辣素衍生结构单体及其聚合物的合成、抑菌与抑藻性能[J].材料导报B:研究篇,2018,32(1):193-197.ZHANG X C,YU L M,JIANG X H.Synthesis,bacteriostatic and anti-alga capability of monomers and polymers containing capsaicin[J].Material review:Research article,2018,32(1):193-197(in Chinese).
[18]赵海洲,倪春花,于良民,等.侧链悬挂辣素衍生结构丙烯酸树脂的合成及抗菌性能研究[J].功能材料,2018,49(7):134-137.ZHAO H Z,NI C H,YU L M,et al.The synthetic and antibacterial properties of the paracal derivative acrylic resin[J].Functional materials,2018,49(7):134-137(in Chinese).
[19]VILLA F,GIACOMUCCI L,POLO A,et al.N-vanillylnonanamide tested as a non-toxic antifoulant,applied to surfaces in a polyurethane coating[J].Biotechnology Letters,2009,31(9):1407-1413.
[20]AL-JUHANI A,NEWBY B M Z.Assessments of capsaicin incorporated silicone rubber as antifouling coatings[J].Journal of Rubber Research,2014,17(3):173-186.
[21]WINDLER M,LEINWEBER K,BARTULOS CR,et al.Biofilm and capsule formation of the diatom Achnanthidium minutissimum are affected by a bacterium[J].Journal of Phycology,2015,51(2):343-355.
[22]ZECHER K,JAGMANN N,SEEMANN P,et al.An efficient screening method for the isolation of heterotrophic bacteria influencing growth of diatoms under photoautotrophic conditions[J].Journal of Microbiological Methods,2015,119:154-162.
[23]MAK J S,RITTSCHOF D,COSTLOW J D,et al.Inhibition of attachment of larval barnacles,Balanus amphitrite,by bacterial surface films[J].Marine Biology,1988,97(2):199-206.
[24]HOLMSTROM C,KJELLEBERG S.Marine Pseudoalteromonas species are associated with higher organisms and produce biologically active extracellular agents[J].Fems Microbiology Ecology,1999,30(4):285-293.
[25]TAIT K,JOINT I,DAYKIN M,et al.Disruption of quorum sensing in seawater abolishes attraction of zoospores of the green alga Ulva to bacterial biofilms[J].Environmental Microbiology,2005,7(2):229-240.
[26]ZARDUS J D,NEDVED B T,HUANG Y,et al.Microbial biofilms facilitate adhesion in biofouling invertebrates[J].The Biological Bulletin,2008,214(1):91-98.
[27]段东霞.污损生物附着机理及酶在生物防污中的应用[J].海洋科学,2011,35(7):107-112.DUAN D X.The adhesive strategies of fouling organism and application of enzyme in antibiofouling[J].Marine Sciences,2011,35(7):107-112(in Chinese).
[28]OLIVER J F,MASON S G.Liquid spreading on rough metal surfaces[J].Journal of Materials Science,1980,15(2):431-437.
[29]TURGUT C,NEWBY B M,CUTRIGHT T J.Cutright.Determiantion of optimal water solubility of capsaicin for its usage as a non-toxic antifoulant[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2004,11(1):7-10.
[30]黄晓冬,张占平,齐育红,等.水性聚氨酯防污涂料的海洋细菌附着实验[J].大连海事大学学报(自然科学版),2007,33(1):6-9.HUANG X D,ZHANG Z P,QI Y H,et al.Marine bacterial adhesion test of waterborne polyurethane antifouling coating[J].Journal of Dalian Maritime University,2007,33(1):6 -9(in Chinese).
[31]刘红,张占平,齐育红,等.无毒防污涂料表面底栖硅藻附着评价的实验方法[J].海洋环境科学,2006,25(3):89-92.LIU H,ZHANG Z P,QI Y H,et al.Experimental methods of evaluating biofouling of marine benthic diatoms on non-toxic antifouling coating[J].Marine Environmental Science,2006,25(3):89-92(in Chinese).
[32]陈世化.辣椒素类物质抑菌作用的研究与评价[D].湖南:湖南农业大学,2008.CHEN S H.Research and evaluation on capsaicinoids’antimicrobial effect[D].Hunan:Hunan Agricultural University,2008(in Chinese).
[33]金德祥,程兆第,林均民,等.中国海洋底栖硅藻类(上卷)[M].北京:海洋出版社,1982:63-236.JIN D X,CHENG Z D,LIN J M,et al.Chinese marine benthic diatoms(volume)[M].Beijing:Ocean Press,1982:63-236(in Chinese).
[34]曹杉.海洋底栖硅藻附着机理及其防污技术研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.CAO S.Study on the attachment mechanism of marine benthic diatoms and its antifouling technology[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2013(in Chinese).