大采高工作面煤壁片帮的多因素敏感性分析
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摘要
以西部矿区大采高工作面煤壁片帮现场监测为基础,将煤壁片帮过程细分为煤壁发生破坏与煤壁破坏体发生失稳2个阶段。通过对煤壁片帮的应力路径效应分析,研究得出了煤壁发生破坏与煤壁破坏体发生失稳的内部与外部影响因素。研究了各主要影响因素与煤壁破坏深度、超前支承压力峰值大小及超前距离之间的关系,并通过引入正交试验方法,进行了各主要影响因素对煤壁片帮不同阶段的单目标多因素敏感性分析。确定了煤壁发生破坏的影响因素敏感性排序依次为煤体的内摩擦角>内聚力>抗拉强度>采高>埋深>支护强度;煤壁破坏体发生失稳的影响因素敏感性排序依次为煤壁破坏面的内摩擦角>内聚力>抗拉强度>护帮强度>埋深>支护强度。基于大采高工作面煤壁片帮影响因素的敏感性分析结果,提出了基于内因与外因相结合的大采高工作面煤壁片帮防治措施。
Based on field observation of wall appalling process in western coal region, the coal wall spalling process were divided into two phases, i.e. coal wall failure and instability of failure coal. The internal and external influence factors of coal wall failure and instability of failure coal were studied through analyzing stress path of wall spalling. Influences of different factors to coal wall failure depth,advanced abutment pressure peak value and location were studied. Furthermore, the single target and multiple influence factor sensitivity analysis in above-mentioned two wall spalling phases were analyzed by adopting orthogonal experimental method. The sensitivity priority of tested factors on coal wall failure were determined. Coal wall internal friction angle is the first, then the cohesion, tensile strength,mining height, depth of coal seam and hydraulic support intensity. In contrast, the sensitivity priority of tested factors on instability of failure coal are coal body failure surface's internal friction angle, cohesion, tensile strength, coal wall protecting intensity, depth of coal seam and hydraulic support intensity.Finally, coal wall spalling control measures, which combined internal and external influence factors,was proposed based on above sensitivity analysis outcomes.
Based on field observation of wall appalling process in western coal region, the coal wall spalling process were divided into two phases, i.e. coal wall failure and instability of failure coal. The internal and external influence factors of coal wall failure and instability of failure coal were studied through analyzing stress path of wall spalling. Influences of different factors to coal wall failure depth,advanced abutment pressure peak value and location were studied. Furthermore, the single target and multiple influence factor sensitivity analysis in above-mentioned two wall spalling phases were analyzed by adopting orthogonal experimental method. The sensitivity priority of tested factors on coal wall failure were determined. Coal wall internal friction angle is the first, then the cohesion, tensile strength,mining height, depth of coal seam and hydraulic support intensity. In contrast, the sensitivity priority of tested factors on instability of failure coal are coal body failure surface's internal friction angle, cohesion, tensile strength, coal wall protecting intensity, depth of coal seam and hydraulic support intensity.Finally, coal wall spalling control measures, which combined internal and external influence factors,was proposed based on above sensitivity analysis outcomes.
引文
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[15]杨胜利,孔德中,杨敬虎,等.综放仰斜开采煤壁稳定性及注浆加固技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(5):827-833,839.YANG Shengli,KONG Dezhong,YANG Jinghu,et al.Coal wall stability and grouting reinforcement technique in fully mechanized caving face during topple mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(5):827-833,839.
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[18]张诗淮,吴顺川,吴昊燕.岩石真三轴强度与Mohr-Coulomb准则形状函数修正方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增刊1):2608-2619.ZHANG Shihuai,WU Shunchuan,WU Haoyan.Study of true triaxial strength of rock and modified method of Mohr-Coulomb criterion shape function[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(Sup 1):2608-2619.
[19]杜坤,李夕兵,董陇军,等.复杂预应力路径和异源动力扰动下岩石破裂机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):4047-4053.DU Kun,LI Xibing,DONG Longjun,et al.Fracture mechanism of rock induced by true-triaxial unloading and heterology dynamic disturbance[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup 2):4047-4053.
[20]苏承东,高保彬,南华,等.不同应力路径下煤样变形破坏过程声发射特征的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):757-766.SU Chengdong,GAO Baobin,NAN Hua,et al.Experimental study on acoustic emission characteristics during deformation and failure processes of coal samples under different stress paths[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):757-766.
[21]王国法,庞义辉,任怀伟,等.煤炭安全高效综采理论、技术与装备的创新和实践[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(4):903-913.WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui,REN Huaiwei,et al.Coal safe and efficient mining theory,technology and equipment innovation practice[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(4):903-913.
[22]刘洪伟,刘卫方.采煤工作面煤壁片帮影响因素研究[J].煤炭技术,2006,25(10):136-137.LIU Hongwei,LIU Weifang.Analysis for factors in rib spalling of working face[J].Coal Technology,2006,25(10):136-137.
[23]韩红强,王振江,郭兵兵.三软不稳定煤层工作面煤壁片帮机理及防治技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(4):34-38.HAN Hongqiang,WANG Zhenjiang,GUO Bingbing.Coal wall spalling mechanism and prevention technology of unstable seam with soft roof,soft coal and soft floor[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(4):34-38.
[2]宋高峰,潘卫东,杨敬虎,等.基于模糊层次分析法的厚煤层采煤方法选择研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(1):35-41.SONG Gaofeng,PAN Weidong,YANG Jinghu,et al.Mining methods selection in thick coal seam based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(1):35-41.
[3]袁永,屠世浩,马小涛,等.“三软”大采高综采面煤壁稳定性及其控制研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(1):21-25.YUAN Yong,TU Shihao,MA Xiaotao,et al.Coal wall stability of fully mechanized working face with great mining height in“three soft”coal seam and its control technology[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(1):21-25.
[4]杨培举,刘长友,吴锋锋.厚煤层大采高采场煤壁的破坏规律与失稳机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(3):371-377.YANG Peiju,LIU Changyou,WU Fengfeng.Breakage and falling of a high coal wall in a thick mined seam[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2012,41(3):371-377.
[5]李晓坡,康天合,杨永康,等.基于Bishop法的煤壁滑移危险性及其片帮深度的分析[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(7):1498-1504.LI Xiaopo,KANG Tianhe,YANG Yongkang,et al.Analysis of coal wall slip rick and caving depth based on Bishop method[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(7):1498-1504.
[6]方新秋,何杰,李海潮.软煤综放面煤壁片帮机理及防治研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(5):640-644.FANG Xinqiu,HE Jie,LI Haichao.A Study of the rib full mechanism in soft coal and its control at a fully-mechanized top-coal caving face[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2009,38(5):640-644.
[7]伍永平,郎丁,解盘石.大倾角软煤综放工作面煤壁片帮机理及致灾机制[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(8):1878-1884.WU Yongping,LANG Ding,XIE Panshi.Mechanism of disaster due to rib spalling at fully-mechanized top coal caving face in soft steeply dipping seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(8):1878-1884.
[8]王家臣.极软厚煤层片帮与防治机理[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(8):785-788.WANG Jiachen.Mechanism of the rib spalling and the controlling in the very soft coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(8):785-788.
[9]常聚才,谢广祥,张学会.特厚煤层大采高综放工作面煤壁片帮机制分析[J].岩土力学,2015,36(3):803-808.CHANG Jucai,XIE Guangxiang,ZHANG Xuehui.Analysis of rib spalling mechanism of fully-mechanized top-coal caving face with great mining height in extra-thick coal seam[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(3):803-808.
[10]黄庆享,刘建浩.浅埋大采高工作面煤壁片帮的柱条模型分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(2):187-191.HUANG Qingxiang,LIU Jianhao.Vertical slice model for coal wall spalling of large mining height longwall face in shallow seam[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(2):187-191.
[11]尹希文,闫少宏,安宇.大采高综采面煤壁片帮特征分析及应用[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(2):222-225.YIN Xiwen,YAN Shaohong,AN Yu.Characters of the rib spalling in fully mechanized caving face with great mining height[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2008,25(2):222-225.
[12]庞义辉,王国法.基于煤壁“拉裂-滑移”力学模型的支架护帮结构分析[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(8):1941-1950.PANG Yihui,WANG Guofa.Hydraulic support protecting board analysis based on rib spalling“tensile cracking-sliding”mechanical model[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(8):1941-1950.
[13]庞义辉.机采高度对顶煤冒放性与煤壁片帮的影响[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(6):105-111.PANG Yihui.Influence of coal cutting height on top-coal caving and drawing characteristics and rib spalling[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(6):105-111.
[14]张银亮,刘俊峰,庞义辉,等.液压支架护帮机构防片帮效果分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(4):691-695.ZHANG Yinliang,LIU Junfeng,PANG Yihui,et al.Effect analysis of prevention rib spalling system in hydraulic support[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(4):691-695.
[15]杨胜利,孔德中,杨敬虎,等.综放仰斜开采煤壁稳定性及注浆加固技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(5):827-833,839.YANG Shengli,KONG Dezhong,YANG Jinghu,et al.Coal wall stability and grouting reinforcement technique in fully mechanized caving face during topple mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(5):827-833,839.
[16]刘鹏程,林刘军,张耀辉.无机注浆加固控制大采高煤壁片帮问题探讨[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(12):172-174,179.LIU Pengcheng,LIN Liujun,ZHANG Yaohui.Discussion on problem of controlling large mining height coal wall spalling with inorganic grouting[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(12):172-174,179.
[17]王成,洪紫杰,熊祖强,等.大采高工作面三角区片帮防治技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(2):114-117,122.WANG Cheng,HONG Zijie,XIONG Zuqiang,et al.Spalling prevention technology of delta area in high cutting coal mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(2):114-117,122.
[18]张诗淮,吴顺川,吴昊燕.岩石真三轴强度与Mohr-Coulomb准则形状函数修正方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增刊1):2608-2619.ZHANG Shihuai,WU Shunchuan,WU Haoyan.Study of true triaxial strength of rock and modified method of Mohr-Coulomb criterion shape function[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(Sup 1):2608-2619.
[19]杜坤,李夕兵,董陇军,等.复杂预应力路径和异源动力扰动下岩石破裂机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):4047-4053.DU Kun,LI Xibing,DONG Longjun,et al.Fracture mechanism of rock induced by true-triaxial unloading and heterology dynamic disturbance[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup 2):4047-4053.
[20]苏承东,高保彬,南华,等.不同应力路径下煤样变形破坏过程声发射特征的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):757-766.SU Chengdong,GAO Baobin,NAN Hua,et al.Experimental study on acoustic emission characteristics during deformation and failure processes of coal samples under different stress paths[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):757-766.
[21]王国法,庞义辉,任怀伟,等.煤炭安全高效综采理论、技术与装备的创新和实践[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(4):903-913.WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui,REN Huaiwei,et al.Coal safe and efficient mining theory,technology and equipment innovation practice[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(4):903-913.
[22]刘洪伟,刘卫方.采煤工作面煤壁片帮影响因素研究[J].煤炭技术,2006,25(10):136-137.LIU Hongwei,LIU Weifang.Analysis for factors in rib spalling of working face[J].Coal Technology,2006,25(10):136-137.
[23]韩红强,王振江,郭兵兵.三软不稳定煤层工作面煤壁片帮机理及防治技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(4):34-38.HAN Hongqiang,WANG Zhenjiang,GUO Bingbing.Coal wall spalling mechanism and prevention technology of unstable seam with soft roof,soft coal and soft floor[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(4):34-38.