中亚大麦品种萌发期抗旱性筛选与鉴定
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摘要
【目的】研究不同基因型大麦萌发期抗旱特性,筛选萌发期抗旱性鉴定关键指标,建立萌发期抗旱性研究数学模型,为抗旱大麦品种培育提供理论指导。【方法】采用人工气候箱内发芽盒培养,用20%PEG8000溶液对吉33等12份中亚引进大麦品种进行萌发期抗旱试验,测定相应材料对照和胁迫下种子发芽势(GP)、发芽率(GR)、发芽指数(GI)、根数(RN)、根长(RL)、苗高(SH)和胚芽鞘长(CL)7个生长指标。以各指标相对值作为衡量萌发期抗旱性的依据,利用多元统计分析方法对不同大麦品种萌发期抗旱性进行综合评价。【结果】PEG胁迫下,参试材料各指标均较对照呈下降趋势,各指标彼此之间呈显著或极显著相关性,大麦萌发受到不同程度的抑制。利用隶属函数法综合评价发现不同大麦品种间表现出较大差异,吉33抗旱性最强,吉引2013-7-DM-088抗旱性最弱。依据主成分分析,将7个单项指标转换得到2个相互独立因子,它们代表了所测指标85.94%的信息。进行多元逐步回归线性分析建立大麦萌发期抗旱性评价数学模型,D=0.036+0.392GR+0.382SH+0.233GP(R~2=0.992)。【结论】吉33抗旱性最强,发芽率、苗高和发芽势可作为快速评价大麦萌发期抗旱性的关键指标。
【Objective】 In order to clarify the drought resistance characteristics of different genotypes of barley during germination period, the key indicators of drought resistance identification at the germination stage were screened, and the mathematical model of drought resistance research at the germination stage was established in the hope of providing theoretical guidance for the cultivation of drought-resistant barley varieties.【Method】In this study, the germination box culture in the artificial climate chamber was used to carry out the germination drought test on 12 parts of the introduced barley varieties in Central Asia with 20% PEG8000 solution, and the 7 growth indicators: the seed germination potential(GP), germination rate(GR), germination index(GI), the root number(RN), the root length(RL), seedling height(SH) and coleoptile length(CL) of the corresponding material under the control and stress were measured.【Result】Taking the relative value of each index as the basis for measuring drought resistance during the germination period, the multivariate statistical analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the drought resistance of different barley varieties during the germination period. Under PEG stress, the indexes of the tested materials showed a downward trend compared with the control, and each index showed significant or extremely significant correlation with each other, indicating that the germination of barley was inhibited to varying degrees. The comprehensive evaluation by subordinate function method showed that there were significant differences among different barley varieties. Ji 33 had the strongest drought resistance, and Jiyin 2013-7-DM-088 had the weakest drought resistance. According to the principal component analysis, the seven individual indicators were converted into two independent factors, which represent 85.94% of the measured indicators. A mathematical model for evaluating drought resistance of barley at germination stage was established by multiple stepwise regression linear analysis, D=0.036+0.392GR+0.382SH+0.233GP(R~2=0.992). 【Conclusion】Ji 33 has the strongest drought resistance, germination rate, seedling height and germination potential, which can be used as key indexes for rapid evaluation of drought resistance in barley germination period.
【Objective】 In order to clarify the drought resistance characteristics of different genotypes of barley during germination period, the key indicators of drought resistance identification at the germination stage were screened, and the mathematical model of drought resistance research at the germination stage was established in the hope of providing theoretical guidance for the cultivation of drought-resistant barley varieties.【Method】In this study, the germination box culture in the artificial climate chamber was used to carry out the germination drought test on 12 parts of the introduced barley varieties in Central Asia with 20% PEG8000 solution, and the 7 growth indicators: the seed germination potential(GP), germination rate(GR), germination index(GI), the root number(RN), the root length(RL), seedling height(SH) and coleoptile length(CL) of the corresponding material under the control and stress were measured.【Result】Taking the relative value of each index as the basis for measuring drought resistance during the germination period, the multivariate statistical analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the drought resistance of different barley varieties during the germination period. Under PEG stress, the indexes of the tested materials showed a downward trend compared with the control, and each index showed significant or extremely significant correlation with each other, indicating that the germination of barley was inhibited to varying degrees. The comprehensive evaluation by subordinate function method showed that there were significant differences among different barley varieties. Ji 33 had the strongest drought resistance, and Jiyin 2013-7-DM-088 had the weakest drought resistance. According to the principal component analysis, the seven individual indicators were converted into two independent factors, which represent 85.94% of the measured indicators. A mathematical model for evaluating drought resistance of barley at germination stage was established by multiple stepwise regression linear analysis, D=0.036+0.392GR+0.382SH+0.233GP(R~2=0.992). 【Conclusion】Ji 33 has the strongest drought resistance, germination rate, seedling height and germination potential, which can be used as key indexes for rapid evaluation of drought resistance in barley germination period.
引文
[1]徐寿军,张凤英,刘志萍,等.春大麦营养器官游离氨基酸含量变化特征及其与籽粒蛋白质含量相关分析 [J].核农学报,2018,32(1):131-140.XU Shou - jun,ZHANG Feng - ying,LIU Zhi - ping,et al.(2018).Variation Characteristics of Free Amino Acids in Nutrition Organs of Spring Barley and Its Path Analysis With Grain Protein Content [J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,32(1):131-140.(in Chinese)
[2]荒漠化:全球状况与国际防治实践 [J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(10):2,139.Unknown author.(2018).Desertification:Global Conditions and International Prevention Practices[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,38(10):2,139.(in Chinese)
[3]管晓丹,石瑞,孔祥宁,等.全球变化背景下半干旱区陆气机制研究综述 [J].地球科学进展,2018,33(10):995-1 004.GUAN Xiao - dan,SHI Rui,KONG Xiang - ning,et al.(2018).An Overview of Researches on Land-Atmosphere Interaction over Semi-Arid Region Under Global Changes[J].Advances in Earth Science,33(10):995-1,004.(in Chinese)
[4]李国瑞,马宏亮,胡雯媚,等.西南麦区小麦品种萌发期抗旱性的综合鉴定及评价 [J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(4):479-487.LI Guo - rui,MA Hong - liang,HU Wen - mei,et al.(2015).Identification and Evaluation of Wheat Cultivars for Drought Resistance during Germination in Southwest Area[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,35(4):479-487.(in Chinese)
[5]Dodd,G.L.,& Donovan,L.A.(1999).Water potential and ionic effects on germination and seedling growth of two cold desert shrubs.American Journal of Botany,86(8):1,146-1,153.
[6]Tobe,K.,Li,X.,& Omasa,K.(2000).Seed germination and radicle growth of a halophyte,kalidium caspicum(chenopodiaceae).Annals of Botany (London),85(3):391-396.
[7]马青枝,李造哲,马文喜.披碱草和野大麦种子萌发期抗旱性研究 [J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(2):52-55.MA Qing - zhi,LI Zao - zhe,MA Wen - xi.(2014).Study on drought resistance of Elymus daduricus Turcz.And Hordeum brevisubulatum(Trin.) link at seed germination period[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,35(2):52-55.(in Chinese)
[8]Katerji,N.,Mastrorilli,M.,Hoorn,J.W.V.,Lahmer,F.Z.,Hamdy,A.,& Oweis,T.(2009).Durum wheat and barley productivity in saline-drought environments.European Journal of Agronomy,31(1):1-9.
[9]Sinebo,W.(2005).Trade off between yield increase and yield stability in three decades of barley breeding in a tropical highland environment.Field Crops Research,92(1):35-52.
[10]孙艳茹,石屹,陈国军,等.PEG模拟干旱胁迫下8种绿肥作物萌发特性与抗旱性评价 [J].草业学报,2015,24(3):89-98.SUN Yan - ru,SHI Yi,CHEN Guo - jun,et al.(2015).Evaluation of the germination characteristics and drought resistance of green manure crops under PEG stress[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,24(3):89-98.(in Chinese)
[11]鞠乐,齐军仓,贺雪,等.大麦种子萌发期对渗透胁迫的响应及抗旱性鉴定指标的筛选 [J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(1):172-176.JU Le,QI Jun - cang,HE Xue,et al.(2013).The response of barley to osmotic stress during germination stage and the screening of drought resistance indicators[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,31(1):172-176.(in Chinese)
[12]鞠乐,齐军仓,成禄艳,等.大麦种子萌发期对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其抗旱性评价 [J].西南农业学报,2013,26(1):93-98.JU Le,QI Jun - cang,CHENG Lu - yan,et al.(2013).Physiological Response of Barley to Drought Stress during Seed Germination Period and Drought Resistance Evaluation[J].Southweat China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,26(1):93-98.(in Chinese)
[13]鞠乐,齐军仓,贺雪,等.大麦种子萌发期抗旱性鉴定指标的筛选及抗旱性评价 [J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(11):2 008-2 014.JU Le,QI Jun - cang,HE Xue,et al.(2016).Screening Drought Resistance Identification Index and Drought Resistance Evaluation in Barley during Seed Germination Period[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,53(11):2,008-2,014.(in Chinese)
[14]安成邦,王伟,段阜涛,等.亚洲中部干旱区丝绸之路沿线环境演化与东西方文化交流 [J].地理学报,2017,72(5):875-891.AN Cheng - bang,WANG Wei,DUAN Fu - tao,et al.(2017).Environmental changes and cultural exchange between East and West along the Silk Road in arid Central Asia[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,72(5):875-891.(in Chinese)
[15]王兴荣,张彦军,李玥,等.干旱胁迫对大豆生长的影响及抗旱性评价方法与指标筛选 [J].植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(1):49-56.WANG Xing - rong,ZHANG Yan - jun,LI Yue,et al.(2018).Effects of Drought Stress on Growth and Screening Methods and Indexes for Drought-Resistance in Soybean[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,19(1):49-56.(in Chinese)
[16]张宇君,赵丽丽,王普昶,等.燕麦萌发期抗旱指标体系构建及综合评价 [J].核农学报,2017,31(11):2 236-2 242.ZHANG Yu - jun,ZHAO Li - li,WANG Pu - chang,et al.(2017).Construction and Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought Resistance Index System in Oatmea During Germination[J].Journal of Nucleat Agricultural Sciences,31(11):2,236-2,242.(in Chinese)
[17]赵方媛,田新会,杜文华.小黑麦萌发期抗旱条件模拟和抗旱指标的筛选 [J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(2):96-102.ZHAO Fang - yuan,TIAN Xin - hui,DU Wen - hua.(2017).Screening on drought simulation conditions and drought-resistant parameters at germination stage of triticale[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,35(2):96-102.(in Chinese)
[18]吴奇,周宇飞,高悦,等.不同高粱品种萌发期抗旱性筛选与鉴定 [J].作物学报,2016,42(8):1 233-1 246.WU Qi,ZHOU Yu - fei,GAO Yue,et al.(2016).Screening and Identification for Drought Resistance during Germination in Sorghum Cultivars[J].Acta Agronamica Sinica,42(8):1,233-1,246.(in Chinese)
[19]张树林,刘玉玲,田丽,等.不同小麦新品系萌发期抗旱性的筛选与鉴定 [J].分子植物育种,2018,16(21):7 138-7 147.ZHANG Shu - lin,LIU Yu - ling,TIAN Li,et al.(2018).Screening and Identification of Drought Resistance of Different New Wheat Lines during Germination Period[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,16(21):7,138-7,147.(in Chinese)
[20]张芳,颜安,任毅,等.新疆冬小麦萌发期抗旱性综合评价 [J].植物遗传资源学报,2019,20(1):100-112.ZHANG Fang,YAN An,REN Yi,et al.(2019).Evaluation on Drought Resistance of Winter Wheat Cultivars in Xinjiang[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,20(1):100-112.(in Chinese)
[21]董广辉,杨谊时,韩建业,等.农作物传播视角下的欧亚大陆史前东西方文化交流 [J].中国科学:地球科学,2017,47(5):530-543.DONG Guang - hui,YANG Yi - shi,HAN Jian - ye,et al.(2017).Exploring the history of cultural exchange in prehistoric Eurasia from the perspectives of crop diffusion and consumption [J].SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,47(5):530-543.(in Chinese)
[2]荒漠化:全球状况与国际防治实践 [J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(10):2,139.Unknown author.(2018).Desertification:Global Conditions and International Prevention Practices[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,38(10):2,139.(in Chinese)
[3]管晓丹,石瑞,孔祥宁,等.全球变化背景下半干旱区陆气机制研究综述 [J].地球科学进展,2018,33(10):995-1 004.GUAN Xiao - dan,SHI Rui,KONG Xiang - ning,et al.(2018).An Overview of Researches on Land-Atmosphere Interaction over Semi-Arid Region Under Global Changes[J].Advances in Earth Science,33(10):995-1,004.(in Chinese)
[4]李国瑞,马宏亮,胡雯媚,等.西南麦区小麦品种萌发期抗旱性的综合鉴定及评价 [J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(4):479-487.LI Guo - rui,MA Hong - liang,HU Wen - mei,et al.(2015).Identification and Evaluation of Wheat Cultivars for Drought Resistance during Germination in Southwest Area[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,35(4):479-487.(in Chinese)
[5]Dodd,G.L.,& Donovan,L.A.(1999).Water potential and ionic effects on germination and seedling growth of two cold desert shrubs.American Journal of Botany,86(8):1,146-1,153.
[6]Tobe,K.,Li,X.,& Omasa,K.(2000).Seed germination and radicle growth of a halophyte,kalidium caspicum(chenopodiaceae).Annals of Botany (London),85(3):391-396.
[7]马青枝,李造哲,马文喜.披碱草和野大麦种子萌发期抗旱性研究 [J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(2):52-55.MA Qing - zhi,LI Zao - zhe,MA Wen - xi.(2014).Study on drought resistance of Elymus daduricus Turcz.And Hordeum brevisubulatum(Trin.) link at seed germination period[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,35(2):52-55.(in Chinese)
[8]Katerji,N.,Mastrorilli,M.,Hoorn,J.W.V.,Lahmer,F.Z.,Hamdy,A.,& Oweis,T.(2009).Durum wheat and barley productivity in saline-drought environments.European Journal of Agronomy,31(1):1-9.
[9]Sinebo,W.(2005).Trade off between yield increase and yield stability in three decades of barley breeding in a tropical highland environment.Field Crops Research,92(1):35-52.
[10]孙艳茹,石屹,陈国军,等.PEG模拟干旱胁迫下8种绿肥作物萌发特性与抗旱性评价 [J].草业学报,2015,24(3):89-98.SUN Yan - ru,SHI Yi,CHEN Guo - jun,et al.(2015).Evaluation of the germination characteristics and drought resistance of green manure crops under PEG stress[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,24(3):89-98.(in Chinese)
[11]鞠乐,齐军仓,贺雪,等.大麦种子萌发期对渗透胁迫的响应及抗旱性鉴定指标的筛选 [J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(1):172-176.JU Le,QI Jun - cang,HE Xue,et al.(2013).The response of barley to osmotic stress during germination stage and the screening of drought resistance indicators[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,31(1):172-176.(in Chinese)
[12]鞠乐,齐军仓,成禄艳,等.大麦种子萌发期对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其抗旱性评价 [J].西南农业学报,2013,26(1):93-98.JU Le,QI Jun - cang,CHENG Lu - yan,et al.(2013).Physiological Response of Barley to Drought Stress during Seed Germination Period and Drought Resistance Evaluation[J].Southweat China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,26(1):93-98.(in Chinese)
[13]鞠乐,齐军仓,贺雪,等.大麦种子萌发期抗旱性鉴定指标的筛选及抗旱性评价 [J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(11):2 008-2 014.JU Le,QI Jun - cang,HE Xue,et al.(2016).Screening Drought Resistance Identification Index and Drought Resistance Evaluation in Barley during Seed Germination Period[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,53(11):2,008-2,014.(in Chinese)
[14]安成邦,王伟,段阜涛,等.亚洲中部干旱区丝绸之路沿线环境演化与东西方文化交流 [J].地理学报,2017,72(5):875-891.AN Cheng - bang,WANG Wei,DUAN Fu - tao,et al.(2017).Environmental changes and cultural exchange between East and West along the Silk Road in arid Central Asia[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,72(5):875-891.(in Chinese)
[15]王兴荣,张彦军,李玥,等.干旱胁迫对大豆生长的影响及抗旱性评价方法与指标筛选 [J].植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(1):49-56.WANG Xing - rong,ZHANG Yan - jun,LI Yue,et al.(2018).Effects of Drought Stress on Growth and Screening Methods and Indexes for Drought-Resistance in Soybean[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,19(1):49-56.(in Chinese)
[16]张宇君,赵丽丽,王普昶,等.燕麦萌发期抗旱指标体系构建及综合评价 [J].核农学报,2017,31(11):2 236-2 242.ZHANG Yu - jun,ZHAO Li - li,WANG Pu - chang,et al.(2017).Construction and Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought Resistance Index System in Oatmea During Germination[J].Journal of Nucleat Agricultural Sciences,31(11):2,236-2,242.(in Chinese)
[17]赵方媛,田新会,杜文华.小黑麦萌发期抗旱条件模拟和抗旱指标的筛选 [J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(2):96-102.ZHAO Fang - yuan,TIAN Xin - hui,DU Wen - hua.(2017).Screening on drought simulation conditions and drought-resistant parameters at germination stage of triticale[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,35(2):96-102.(in Chinese)
[18]吴奇,周宇飞,高悦,等.不同高粱品种萌发期抗旱性筛选与鉴定 [J].作物学报,2016,42(8):1 233-1 246.WU Qi,ZHOU Yu - fei,GAO Yue,et al.(2016).Screening and Identification for Drought Resistance during Germination in Sorghum Cultivars[J].Acta Agronamica Sinica,42(8):1,233-1,246.(in Chinese)
[19]张树林,刘玉玲,田丽,等.不同小麦新品系萌发期抗旱性的筛选与鉴定 [J].分子植物育种,2018,16(21):7 138-7 147.ZHANG Shu - lin,LIU Yu - ling,TIAN Li,et al.(2018).Screening and Identification of Drought Resistance of Different New Wheat Lines during Germination Period[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,16(21):7,138-7,147.(in Chinese)
[20]张芳,颜安,任毅,等.新疆冬小麦萌发期抗旱性综合评价 [J].植物遗传资源学报,2019,20(1):100-112.ZHANG Fang,YAN An,REN Yi,et al.(2019).Evaluation on Drought Resistance of Winter Wheat Cultivars in Xinjiang[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,20(1):100-112.(in Chinese)
[21]董广辉,杨谊时,韩建业,等.农作物传播视角下的欧亚大陆史前东西方文化交流 [J].中国科学:地球科学,2017,47(5):530-543.DONG Guang - hui,YANG Yi - shi,HAN Jian - ye,et al.(2017).Exploring the history of cultural exchange in prehistoric Eurasia from the perspectives of crop diffusion and consumption [J].SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,47(5):530-543.(in Chinese)
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