一种考虑钢材硬化各向同性的失效准则在船舶碰撞数值仿真中的应用
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摘要
随着计算机技术的迅速发展,采用有限元数值仿真技术对船舶碰撞与搁浅场景进行研究,已经可以提供较为可靠准确的模拟结果,并且具有节省时间、人力与成本的优势;但是,如何合理定义钢板材料的断裂失效准则,是有限元技术中一个十分重要的问题。基于BWH失效准则理论假设,推导出一套适用于考虑硬化的各向同性材料失效准则公式,并利用LS-DYNA程序进行二次开发编程,将此准则嵌入LS-DYNA程序中;之后,利用更新的LS-DYNA程序,以一个船舶搁浅模型试验为例,进行有限元数值仿真计算。通过与试验结果对比,验证所提出的钢板材料失效准则的适用性。
With the rapid development of computer technology,finite element numerical simulation technology is used to study ship collision and grounding scenarios to provide more reliable and accurate simulation results,it has the advantages of saving time,manpower and cost.How to reasonably define the fracture failure criterion of steel plates is a very important problem in finite element technology.Here,based on the BWH failure criterion,a set of formulas for the failure criterion of isotropic materials considering hardening was proposed and coded using the LS-DYNA program as its secondary development.The code of this new criterion was embedded in the LS-DYNA program.Then,using the updated LS-DYNA program,a finite element numerical simulation was performed for an example of ship-grounding model test.Comparing the numerical simulation results with those of the model test,the applicability of the proposed steel plate failure criterion was validated.
With the rapid development of computer technology,finite element numerical simulation technology is used to study ship collision and grounding scenarios to provide more reliable and accurate simulation results,it has the advantages of saving time,manpower and cost.How to reasonably define the fracture failure criterion of steel plates is a very important problem in finite element technology.Here,based on the BWH failure criterion,a set of formulas for the failure criterion of isotropic materials considering hardening was proposed and coded using the LS-DYNA program as its secondary development.The code of this new criterion was embedded in the LS-DYNA program.Then,using the updated LS-DYNA program,a finite element numerical simulation was performed for an example of ship-grounding model test.Comparing the numerical simulation results with those of the model test,the applicability of the proposed steel plate failure criterion was validated.
引文
[1]STORHEIM M,ALSOS H S,HOPPERSTAD O S,et al.A damage-based failure model for coarsely meshed shell structures[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering2015,83:59-75.
[2]KITAMURA O.FEM approach to the simulation of collision and grounding damage[J].Marine Structures,2002,15(4/5),403-428.
[3]ABUBAKAR A,DOW R S.Simulation of ship grounding damage using the finite element method[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2013,50:623-636.
[4]ALSOS H S,AMDAHL J,HOPPERSTAD O S.On the resistance to penetration of stiffened plates,Part II:Numerical analysis[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2009,36(7):875-887.
[5]HILL R.On discontinuous plastic states with special reference to localized necking in thin sheets[J].Journal of Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1952,1:19-30.
[6]T?RNQVIST R.Design of crashworthy ship structures[D].Copenhagen:Technical University of Denmark,2003.
[7]刘敬喜,崔濛,龚榆峰.船舶碰撞仿真失效准则比较[J].中国舰船研究,2015,10(4):79-85.LIU Jingxi,CUI Meng,GONG Yufeng.A comparative study of failure criteria in ship collision simulations[J].Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2015,10(4):79-85.
[8]STOUGHTON T B.Stress-based forming limits in sheet metal forming[J].Journal of Engineering Materials and Science,2001,123:417-422.
[9]秦洪德,纪肖,申静.船舶碰撞研究综述[C]//船舶力学学术委员会、《中国造船》编辑部.2009年船舶结构力学学术会议暨中国船舶学术界进入ISSC30周年纪念会论文集.南京:船舶力学学术委员会、《中国造船》编辑部,2009.
[10]KEELER S P,BACKOFEN W A.Plastic instability and fracture in sheets stretched over rigid punches[J].Transactions ASM,1963,56(1):25-48.
[11]ALSOS H S,HOPPERSTAD O S,T?RNQVIST R,et al.Analytical and numerical analysis of sheet metal instability using a stress based instability criterion[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2008,45:2042-2055.
[12]ARRIEUX R,BEDRIN C,BOIVIN M.Determination of an intrinsic forming limit stress diagram for isotropic metal sheets[C]//Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Congress.Santa Margherita Ligure,Italy:IDDRG,1982.
[13]STOUGHTON T B,ZHU X.Review of theoretical models of the strain-based FLD and their relevance to the stress-based FLD[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2004,20:1463-1486.
[14]JIE M,CHENG C H,CHAN L C,et al.Forming limit diagrams of strain-rate-dependent sheet metals[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2009,51(4):269-275.
[15]MARINATOS J N,SAMUELIDES M.Towards a unified methodology for the simulation of rupture in collision and grounding of ships[J].Marine Structures,2015,42:1-32.
[16]ATKINS A G.Fracture in forming[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1996,56:609-618.
[17]HOGSTR?M P,RINGSBERG J W,JOHNSON E.An experimental and numerical study of the effects of length scale and strain state on the necking and fracture behaviors in sheet metals[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2009,36(10/11):1194-1203.
[18]BRESSAN J D,WILLIAMS J A.Use of a shear instability criterion to predict local necking in sheet metal deformation[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,1983,25:155-168.
[19]NAIK V K,MOHINDRA A,BANTZ D F.An architecture for the coordination of system management service[J].IBM Systems Journal,2004,43(1):78-96.
[20]RODD J L.Observations on conventional and advanced double hull grounding experiments[C]//International Conference on Designs and Methodologies for Collision and Grounding Protection of Ships.San Francisco,CA,1996.
[21]SIMONSEN B C.Mechanics of ship grounding[D].Copenhagen:Technical University of Denmark,1997.
[2]KITAMURA O.FEM approach to the simulation of collision and grounding damage[J].Marine Structures,2002,15(4/5),403-428.
[3]ABUBAKAR A,DOW R S.Simulation of ship grounding damage using the finite element method[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2013,50:623-636.
[4]ALSOS H S,AMDAHL J,HOPPERSTAD O S.On the resistance to penetration of stiffened plates,Part II:Numerical analysis[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2009,36(7):875-887.
[5]HILL R.On discontinuous plastic states with special reference to localized necking in thin sheets[J].Journal of Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1952,1:19-30.
[6]T?RNQVIST R.Design of crashworthy ship structures[D].Copenhagen:Technical University of Denmark,2003.
[7]刘敬喜,崔濛,龚榆峰.船舶碰撞仿真失效准则比较[J].中国舰船研究,2015,10(4):79-85.LIU Jingxi,CUI Meng,GONG Yufeng.A comparative study of failure criteria in ship collision simulations[J].Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2015,10(4):79-85.
[8]STOUGHTON T B.Stress-based forming limits in sheet metal forming[J].Journal of Engineering Materials and Science,2001,123:417-422.
[9]秦洪德,纪肖,申静.船舶碰撞研究综述[C]//船舶力学学术委员会、《中国造船》编辑部.2009年船舶结构力学学术会议暨中国船舶学术界进入ISSC30周年纪念会论文集.南京:船舶力学学术委员会、《中国造船》编辑部,2009.
[10]KEELER S P,BACKOFEN W A.Plastic instability and fracture in sheets stretched over rigid punches[J].Transactions ASM,1963,56(1):25-48.
[11]ALSOS H S,HOPPERSTAD O S,T?RNQVIST R,et al.Analytical and numerical analysis of sheet metal instability using a stress based instability criterion[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2008,45:2042-2055.
[12]ARRIEUX R,BEDRIN C,BOIVIN M.Determination of an intrinsic forming limit stress diagram for isotropic metal sheets[C]//Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Congress.Santa Margherita Ligure,Italy:IDDRG,1982.
[13]STOUGHTON T B,ZHU X.Review of theoretical models of the strain-based FLD and their relevance to the stress-based FLD[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2004,20:1463-1486.
[14]JIE M,CHENG C H,CHAN L C,et al.Forming limit diagrams of strain-rate-dependent sheet metals[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2009,51(4):269-275.
[15]MARINATOS J N,SAMUELIDES M.Towards a unified methodology for the simulation of rupture in collision and grounding of ships[J].Marine Structures,2015,42:1-32.
[16]ATKINS A G.Fracture in forming[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1996,56:609-618.
[17]HOGSTR?M P,RINGSBERG J W,JOHNSON E.An experimental and numerical study of the effects of length scale and strain state on the necking and fracture behaviors in sheet metals[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2009,36(10/11):1194-1203.
[18]BRESSAN J D,WILLIAMS J A.Use of a shear instability criterion to predict local necking in sheet metal deformation[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,1983,25:155-168.
[19]NAIK V K,MOHINDRA A,BANTZ D F.An architecture for the coordination of system management service[J].IBM Systems Journal,2004,43(1):78-96.
[20]RODD J L.Observations on conventional and advanced double hull grounding experiments[C]//International Conference on Designs and Methodologies for Collision and Grounding Protection of Ships.San Francisco,CA,1996.
[21]SIMONSEN B C.Mechanics of ship grounding[D].Copenhagen:Technical University of Denmark,1997.