考虑多载荷工况和应变率效应的焊点失效强度预测研究
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摘要
因受焊接过程电流热效应影响,车身焊点区域材料力学性能高度非线性。当焊点受复杂载荷作用或处于动态工况时,其失效强度的预测变得十分困难。针对该问题,本研究对焊点结构所受外力在热影响区的应力分布做了分析,研究了母材强度、板厚、焊点直径等对焊点静态失效强度的影响,提出了一个焊点静态强度失效准则及考虑应变率效应的焊点动态强度失效准则并根据试验数据拟合得到失效参数;将失效准则程序化,通过落锤冲击仿真结果与试验结果对比验证了失效准则的正确性。
The material property in the heat affected zone of a spot weld is highly nonlinear because of the heating effect of the welding process. It becomes hard to predict the failure strength when the number of loads loading on the spot weld is massive or the spot weld is under dynamic loading circumstance. After doing an analysis to the stress distribution in the region of the heat affected zone, a static spot weld failure criterion in consideration of the strength of the base metal, the thickness of plate and spot weld diameter and a dynamic failure criterion in view of the strain rate effect was presented to solve this problemsand get the failure parameters according to the experimental data. Then the failure criterion was compiled into ls-dyna and used to analysis the drop weight impact testing. The result of CAE analysis comparing with the experiment data demonstrates that the methodology is effective.
The material property in the heat affected zone of a spot weld is highly nonlinear because of the heating effect of the welding process. It becomes hard to predict the failure strength when the number of loads loading on the spot weld is massive or the spot weld is under dynamic loading circumstance. After doing an analysis to the stress distribution in the region of the heat affected zone, a static spot weld failure criterion in consideration of the strength of the base metal, the thickness of plate and spot weld diameter and a dynamic failure criterion in view of the strain rate effect was presented to solve this problemsand get the failure parameters according to the experimental data. Then the failure criterion was compiled into ls-dyna and used to analysis the drop weight impact testing. The result of CAE analysis comparing with the experiment data demonstrates that the methodology is effective.
引文
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[2]Song J H,Huh H.Failure characterization of spot welds under combinedaxial-shear loading conditions[J].International Journal of MechanicalSciences,2011,53(7):513-525.
[3]Lin S H,Pan J,Tyan T.A general failure criterion for spot welds undercombined loading conditions[J].International Journal of Solids&Struc-tures,2003,40(21):5539-5564.
[4]Langrand B,Combescure A.Non-linear and failure behavior of spotwelds:a “global”finite element and experiments in pure and mixedmodes I/II[J].International Journal of Solids&Structures,2004,41(24-25):6631-6646.
[5]Asme M.Ultimate strength and failure mechanism of resistance spotweld subjected to tensile,shear,or combined tensile/shear loads[J].Journal of Engineering Materials&Technology,2003,125(2):125-132.
[6]Mukhopadhyay G,Bhattacharya S,Ray K K.Strength assessment of spot-welded sheets of interstitial free steels[J].Journal of Materials ProcessingTechnology,2009,209(4):1995-2007.
[7]Martínez O P.Impact modeling of spot-welded columns fabricated withadvanced high strength steels[J],2005.
[8]Cook W H.A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to largestrains,high strain rates and high temperatures[C]//1983.
[9]Wang,K and Chao,Y.J.“A new material constitutive model for highstrain rate behavior of steels.”In review for publication.
[10]Chao Y J,Wang K,Miller K W.Dynamic separation of resistance spotwelded joints:Part I—Experiments[J].Experimental Mechanics,2010,50(7):889-900.
[11]Wang K,Chao Y J,Zhu X.Dynamic separation of resistance spot weldedjoints:Part II—Analysis of test results and a model[J].ExperimentalMechanics,2010,50(7):901-913.
[12]Paul J.Mignone.The computational analysis of heat affected zones inspot welds.Bachelor’s thesis,School of Aerospace Mechanical andManufacturing Engineering,RMIT University,2006.
[13]Song J H,Huh H.Influence of tensile speeds on the failure loads of theDP590 spot weld under various combined loading conditions[J].Advances in Materials Science&Engineering,2015(1).
[14]Yang Y P,Gould J,Peterson W.Development of spot weld failure par-ameters for full vehicle crash modelling[J].Science&Technology ofWelding&Joining,2013,18(3):222-231.
[15]曾龙.高强钢点焊接头失效行为及仿真模型研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.(Zeng Long.Study on the modelling and failure behaviors of high stre-ngth steel spot-welding joints[D].Beijing:Qinghua University,2013.)
[16]Yang Y P,Babu S S,Orth F.Integrated computational model to predictmechanical behaviour of spot weld[J].Science&Technology of Welding&Joining,2008,13(3):232-239.
[17]Feng X.Study on the spot-weld failure prediction model in auto crashsimulation[J].Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering,2013(197):39-52.
[18]Feng X.Study on the spot-weld failure prediction model in auto crashsimulation[J].Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering,2013(197):39-52.
[19]曾昭文,卓雪艳,曾盛绰.小型典型焊件焊接工作台控制系统的设计[J].机械设计与制造,2016(7):160-163.(Zeng Zhao-wen,Zhuo Xue-yan,Zeng Sheng-chuo.Design of weldingbench control system fo r small and typical weldments[J].MachineryDesign&Manufacture,2016(7):160-163.)
[2]Song J H,Huh H.Failure characterization of spot welds under combinedaxial-shear loading conditions[J].International Journal of MechanicalSciences,2011,53(7):513-525.
[3]Lin S H,Pan J,Tyan T.A general failure criterion for spot welds undercombined loading conditions[J].International Journal of Solids&Struc-tures,2003,40(21):5539-5564.
[4]Langrand B,Combescure A.Non-linear and failure behavior of spotwelds:a “global”finite element and experiments in pure and mixedmodes I/II[J].International Journal of Solids&Structures,2004,41(24-25):6631-6646.
[5]Asme M.Ultimate strength and failure mechanism of resistance spotweld subjected to tensile,shear,or combined tensile/shear loads[J].Journal of Engineering Materials&Technology,2003,125(2):125-132.
[6]Mukhopadhyay G,Bhattacharya S,Ray K K.Strength assessment of spot-welded sheets of interstitial free steels[J].Journal of Materials ProcessingTechnology,2009,209(4):1995-2007.
[7]Martínez O P.Impact modeling of spot-welded columns fabricated withadvanced high strength steels[J],2005.
[8]Cook W H.A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to largestrains,high strain rates and high temperatures[C]//1983.
[9]Wang,K and Chao,Y.J.“A new material constitutive model for highstrain rate behavior of steels.”In review for publication.
[10]Chao Y J,Wang K,Miller K W.Dynamic separation of resistance spotwelded joints:Part I—Experiments[J].Experimental Mechanics,2010,50(7):889-900.
[11]Wang K,Chao Y J,Zhu X.Dynamic separation of resistance spot weldedjoints:Part II—Analysis of test results and a model[J].ExperimentalMechanics,2010,50(7):901-913.
[12]Paul J.Mignone.The computational analysis of heat affected zones inspot welds.Bachelor’s thesis,School of Aerospace Mechanical andManufacturing Engineering,RMIT University,2006.
[13]Song J H,Huh H.Influence of tensile speeds on the failure loads of theDP590 spot weld under various combined loading conditions[J].Advances in Materials Science&Engineering,2015(1).
[14]Yang Y P,Gould J,Peterson W.Development of spot weld failure par-ameters for full vehicle crash modelling[J].Science&Technology ofWelding&Joining,2013,18(3):222-231.
[15]曾龙.高强钢点焊接头失效行为及仿真模型研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.(Zeng Long.Study on the modelling and failure behaviors of high stre-ngth steel spot-welding joints[D].Beijing:Qinghua University,2013.)
[16]Yang Y P,Babu S S,Orth F.Integrated computational model to predictmechanical behaviour of spot weld[J].Science&Technology of Welding&Joining,2008,13(3):232-239.
[17]Feng X.Study on the spot-weld failure prediction model in auto crashsimulation[J].Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering,2013(197):39-52.
[18]Feng X.Study on the spot-weld failure prediction model in auto crashsimulation[J].Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering,2013(197):39-52.
[19]曾昭文,卓雪艳,曾盛绰.小型典型焊件焊接工作台控制系统的设计[J].机械设计与制造,2016(7):160-163.(Zeng Zhao-wen,Zhuo Xue-yan,Zeng Sheng-chuo.Design of weldingbench control system fo r small and typical weldments[J].MachineryDesign&Manufacture,2016(7):160-163.)