混凝土的微生物腐蚀:机理、影响因素、评价指标及防护技术
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摘要
混凝土的微生物腐蚀不仅会使混凝土中的氢氧化钙与微生物新陈代谢形成的生物硫酸发生反应生成石膏和钙矾石,而且会使混凝土中的水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)发生分解,生成不溶且无胶结作用的胶体,从而造成混凝土性能的劣化。因此,本文从混凝土的微生物腐蚀机理、影响因素(材料和环境)、评价指标(腐蚀速率、H2S吸收速率、化学成分)和防护技术(混凝土改性、保护涂层和生物灭杀技术)等方面详细阐述了国内外混凝土的微生物腐蚀研究现状,以期引起国内学者对混凝土微生物腐蚀的关注。
The microbial corrosion of concrete not only causes the calcium hydroxide in the concrete to react with the biogenic sulfuric acid formed by the microbial metabolism to form gypsum and ettringite,but also decomposes the C-S-H in the concrete to produce insoluble and non-cementation colloids,therefore the performance of concrete will be degradated gradually.The development of microbial corrosion,including the aspects of microbial corrosion mechanism,influencing factors(materials and environmental factors),evaluation index(corrosion rate,H2 S absorption rate,chemical composition)and preventive techniques(concrete modification,protective coating and biological killing technique)of concrete are elaborated in this paper to raise the concern of domestic scholars on the microbial-induced corrosion of concrete.
The microbial corrosion of concrete not only causes the calcium hydroxide in the concrete to react with the biogenic sulfuric acid formed by the microbial metabolism to form gypsum and ettringite,but also decomposes the C-S-H in the concrete to produce insoluble and non-cementation colloids,therefore the performance of concrete will be degradated gradually.The development of microbial corrosion,including the aspects of microbial corrosion mechanism,influencing factors(materials and environmental factors),evaluation index(corrosion rate,H2 S absorption rate,chemical composition)and preventive techniques(concrete modification,protective coating and biological killing technique)of concrete are elaborated in this paper to raise the concern of domestic scholars on the microbial-induced corrosion of concrete.
引文
1 Parker C.The corrosion of concrete—Isolation of a species of bacterium associated with the corrosion of concrete exposed to atmospheres containing hydrogen sulfide[J].Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science,1945,23:81.
2 Chang Xueting.Mechanism research of corrosion of iron aluminum intermetallic compounds by clinging of marine microbial[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2007(in Chinese).常雪婷.海洋微生物附着腐蚀铁铝金属间化合物的机制研究[D].济南:山东大学,2007.
3 Sravanthi V,Fathepure B Z,Wilber G G,et al.Degradation modeling of concrete submitted to Isolation of a sulfur-oxidizing Streptomyces sp.from deteriorating bridge structures and its role in concrete deterioration[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2015,97:128.
4 Yuan H F,Dangla P,Chatellier P,et al.Degradation modeling of concrete submitted to biogenic acid attack[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2015,70:29.
5 Jiang G M,Keller J,Bond P L.Determining the long-term effects of H2S concentration,relative humidity and air temperature on concrete sewer corrosion[J].Water Research,2014,65:157.
6 Sun X Y,Jiang G M,Bond P L,et al.A rapid,non-destructive methodology to monitor activity of sulfide-induced corrosion of concrete based on H2S uptake rate[J].Water Research,2014,59:229.
7 Estokova A,Harbulakova V O,Luptakova A,et al.Study of the deterioration of concrete influenced by biogenic sulphate attack[J].Procedia Engineering,2012,42:1731.
8 Jensen H S,Lens P N,Nielsen J L,et al.Growth kinetics of hydrogen sulfide oxidizing bacteria in corroded concrete from sewers[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,189:685.
9 Connell M O,McNally C,Richardson M G.Biochemical attack on concrete in wastewater applications,a state of the art review[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2010,32:479.
10 Muynck W D,Belie N D,Verstraete W.Effectiveness of admixtures,surface treatments and antimicrobial compounds against biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion of concrete[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2009,31:163.
11 Vollertsen J,Nielsen A H,Jensen H S,et al.Corrosion of concrete sewers—The kinetics of hydrogen sulfide oxidation[J].Science of the Total Environment,2008,394:162.
12 Zhang Xiaowei,Zhang Xiong.Mechanism and research approach of microbial corrosion of concrete[J].Journal of Building Materials,2006(9):52(in Chinese).张小伟,张雄.混凝土微生物腐蚀的作用机制和研究方法[J].建筑材料学报,2006(9):52.
13 Han Jingyun,Dai Chao,Gao Zhihai,et al.Microorganism corrosion of concrete[J].Materials Review,2002,16(10):42(in Chinese).韩静云,戴超,郜志海,等.混凝土的微生物腐蚀[J].材料导报,2002,16(10):42.
14 Han Jingyun,Zhang Xiaowei,Chen Zhonghan.Microorganism corrosion of concrete sewage pipe[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2000(6):28(in Chinese).韩静云,张小伟,陈忠汉.混凝土排污管的微生物腐蚀[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2000(6):28.
15 Han Jingyun,Tian Yongjing,Chen Zhonghan.Research on wall corrosion of concrete sewage pipe by aerobic bacteria in sewage[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2001(3):23(in Chinese).韩静云,田永静,陈忠汉.污水中好氧菌对混凝土排污管管壁腐蚀的研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2001(3):23.
16 Zhang Xiaowei,Han Jingyun,Tian Yongjing,et al.Laboratory study on accelerated corrosion of concrete by artificial sewage[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2003(4):23(in Chinese).张小伟,韩静云,田永静,等.模拟城市生活污水对混凝土的加速腐蚀[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2003(4):23.
17 Zhang Xiaowei,Han Jingyun,Gao Zhihai,et al.Comparing study on corrosion of concrete under two kinds of acid[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2003(5):8(in Chinese).张小伟,韩静云,郜志海,等.两种酸对混凝土腐蚀的对比试验研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2003(5):8.
18 Zhu Rongxia.Microbiological corrosion of reinforced concrete[J].Equipment Environmental Engineering,2010(7):50(in Chinese).朱绒霞.钢筋混凝土微生物腐蚀[J].装备环境工程,2010(7):50.
19 Han Wentao.Research on the pipe corrosion caused by iron bacteria in water distribution systems[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014(in Chinese).韩文滔.供水管网中铁细菌对管道腐蚀机理的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
20 Parker C.Mechanics of corrosion of concrete sewers by hydrogen sulfide[J].Sewage and Industrial Wastes,1951,23:1477.
21 Islander R L,Devinny J S,Mansfield F,et al.Microbial ecology of crown corrosion in sewers[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,1991,117:751.
22 Zhang Xiaowei,Zhang Xiong.Present and prospect of microbial corrosion prevention of concrete[J].Materials Protection,2005(11):52(in Chinese).张小伟,张雄.混凝土微生物腐蚀防治研究现状和展望[J].材料保护,2005(11):52.
23 Vincke E,Boon N,Verstraete W.Analysis of the microbial communities on corroded concrete sewer pipes-a case study[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2001,57:776.
24 Gu J D,Ford T E,Berke N S,et al.Biodeterioration of concrete by the fungus Fusarium[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,1998,41:101.
25 George R P,Ramya S,Ramachandran D,et al.Studies on biodegradation of normal concrete surfaces by fungus Fusarium sp[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2013,47:8.
26 Sand W,Bock E,White D C.Biotest system for rapid evaluation of concrete resistance to sulfur oxidizing bacteria[J].Materials Performance,1987,26:14.
27 Alexander M G,Fourie C W.Performance of sewer pipe concrete mixtures with Portland and calcium aluminate cements subject to mineral and biogenic acid attack[J].Materials and Structures,2010,44:313.
28 Ehrich S,Helard L,Letourneux R,et al.Biogenic and chemical sulfuric acid corrosion of mortars[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,1999,11:340.
29 Navas M J,Borralleras M J.Concrete with antibiotic and antifungal properties[C]∥Proceedings International Symposium on Concrete for a Sustainable Agriculture City.2005.
30 Jensen H S,Nielsen A H,Hvitved J T,et al.Modeling of hydrogen sulfide oxidation in concrete corrosion products from sewer pipes[J].Water Environment Research,2009,81:365.
31 Joseph A P,Keller J,Bustamante H,et al.Surface neutralization and H2S oxidation at early stages of sewer corrosion:Influence of temperature,relative humidity and H2S concentration[J].Water Research,2012,46:4235.
32 Yongsiri C,Vollertsen J,Hvitved-Jacobsen T.Effect of temperature on air-water transfer of hydrogen sulfide[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering-ASCE,2004,130:104.
33 Pomeroy R D.The problem of hydrogen sulphide in sewers[R].London:Clay Pipe Development Association Limited,1990.
34 De Belie N,Monteny J,Beeldens A,et al.Experimental research and prediction of the effect of chemical and biogenic sulfuric acid on different types of commercially produced concrete sewer pipes[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2004,34:2223.
35 Berndt M L.Evaluation of coatings,mortars and mix design for protection of concrete against sulphur oxidising bacteria[J].Construction and Building Materials,2011,25:3893.
36 Saricimen H.Durability of proprietary cementitious materials for use in wastewater transport systems[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2003,25:421.
37 Bao Xin.Experimental and prediction study on the deterioration behavior of concrete in municipal sewage[D].Shijiazhuang:Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,2016(in Chinese).包昕.污水环境下混凝土的劣化行为及预测研究[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2016.
38 Elke V.Influence of polymer addition on biogenic sulfuric acid attack of concrete[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2002,49:283.
39 Fisher A K.The durability of cellulose fiber reinforced concrete pipes in sewage applications[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2001,31(4):543.
40 Miller.Corrosion protection in concrete sanitary sewers:US,6056997[P].2000-04-02.
41 Hector A,Videla.Prevention and control of biocorrosion[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2002,49:259.
42 Du Hongyan,Qiu Furong,Lin Changjian.Corrosion mechanism of concrete and new protection methods[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2001(3):156(in Chinese).杜洪彦,邱富荣,林昌健.混凝土的腐蚀机理与新型防护方法[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2001(3):156.
43 Wang Meng.Research on the corrosion and prevention of the concrete in urban sewage[D].Shijiazhuang:Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,2015(in Chinese).王萌.城市生活污水对混凝土的腐蚀及防治研究[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2015.
44 Sun Hongyao,Li Zhen,Chen Shuigen.Development of anti-microbiologically-influenced-corrosion coatings[J].Hydro-science and Engineering,2002(2):16(in Chinese).孙红尧,李震,陈水根.耐微生物腐蚀涂料的研制[J].水利水运工程学报,2002(2):16.
45 Ma Rong.Effect on chlorine dioxide disinfection technology applied in the oilfield water injection back[J].Oil-gasfield Surface Engineering,2016(6):88(in Chinese).马荣.二氧化氯杀菌技术在油田回注水处理中的应用效果[J].油气田地面工程,2016(6):88.
46 Qiao Yina.The research of disinfection mechanics and its sterilization disinfection application of chlorine dioxide on urban sewage[D].Taiyuan:North University of China,2008(in Chinese).乔怡娜.二氧化氯杀菌机理及其对城市污水杀菌消毒应用研究[D].太原:中北大学,2008.
47 Yamanaka T,Aso I,Togashi S,et al.Corrosion by bacteria of concrete in sewerage systems and inhibitory effects of formats on their growth[J].Water Research,2002,36:2636.
48 Loto C A.Microbiological corrosion:Mechanism,control and impact—A review[J].Internati-onal Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,92(9-12):4241.
49 Wood.Inhibition of sulfate-reducing-bacteria-mediated degradation using bacteria which secrete antimicrobials:US,6630197[P].2003-10-07.
50 Qian Chunxiang,Luo Mian,Pan Qingfeng,et al.Mechanism of microbially induced calcite precipitation in self-healing concrete[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2013,41(5):620(in Chinese).钱春香,罗勉,潘庆峰,等.自修复混凝土中微生物矿化方解石的形成机理[J].硅酸盐学报,2013,41(5):620.
51 Qian Chunxiang,Ren Lifu,Luo Mian.Development of concrete surface defects and cracks repair technology based on microbial-induced mineralization[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2015,43(5):619(in Chinese).钱春香,任立夫,罗勉.基于微生物诱导矿化的混凝土表面缺陷及裂缝修复技术研究进展[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43(5):619.
2 Chang Xueting.Mechanism research of corrosion of iron aluminum intermetallic compounds by clinging of marine microbial[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2007(in Chinese).常雪婷.海洋微生物附着腐蚀铁铝金属间化合物的机制研究[D].济南:山东大学,2007.
3 Sravanthi V,Fathepure B Z,Wilber G G,et al.Degradation modeling of concrete submitted to Isolation of a sulfur-oxidizing Streptomyces sp.from deteriorating bridge structures and its role in concrete deterioration[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2015,97:128.
4 Yuan H F,Dangla P,Chatellier P,et al.Degradation modeling of concrete submitted to biogenic acid attack[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2015,70:29.
5 Jiang G M,Keller J,Bond P L.Determining the long-term effects of H2S concentration,relative humidity and air temperature on concrete sewer corrosion[J].Water Research,2014,65:157.
6 Sun X Y,Jiang G M,Bond P L,et al.A rapid,non-destructive methodology to monitor activity of sulfide-induced corrosion of concrete based on H2S uptake rate[J].Water Research,2014,59:229.
7 Estokova A,Harbulakova V O,Luptakova A,et al.Study of the deterioration of concrete influenced by biogenic sulphate attack[J].Procedia Engineering,2012,42:1731.
8 Jensen H S,Lens P N,Nielsen J L,et al.Growth kinetics of hydrogen sulfide oxidizing bacteria in corroded concrete from sewers[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,189:685.
9 Connell M O,McNally C,Richardson M G.Biochemical attack on concrete in wastewater applications,a state of the art review[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2010,32:479.
10 Muynck W D,Belie N D,Verstraete W.Effectiveness of admixtures,surface treatments and antimicrobial compounds against biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion of concrete[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2009,31:163.
11 Vollertsen J,Nielsen A H,Jensen H S,et al.Corrosion of concrete sewers—The kinetics of hydrogen sulfide oxidation[J].Science of the Total Environment,2008,394:162.
12 Zhang Xiaowei,Zhang Xiong.Mechanism and research approach of microbial corrosion of concrete[J].Journal of Building Materials,2006(9):52(in Chinese).张小伟,张雄.混凝土微生物腐蚀的作用机制和研究方法[J].建筑材料学报,2006(9):52.
13 Han Jingyun,Dai Chao,Gao Zhihai,et al.Microorganism corrosion of concrete[J].Materials Review,2002,16(10):42(in Chinese).韩静云,戴超,郜志海,等.混凝土的微生物腐蚀[J].材料导报,2002,16(10):42.
14 Han Jingyun,Zhang Xiaowei,Chen Zhonghan.Microorganism corrosion of concrete sewage pipe[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2000(6):28(in Chinese).韩静云,张小伟,陈忠汉.混凝土排污管的微生物腐蚀[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2000(6):28.
15 Han Jingyun,Tian Yongjing,Chen Zhonghan.Research on wall corrosion of concrete sewage pipe by aerobic bacteria in sewage[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2001(3):23(in Chinese).韩静云,田永静,陈忠汉.污水中好氧菌对混凝土排污管管壁腐蚀的研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2001(3):23.
16 Zhang Xiaowei,Han Jingyun,Tian Yongjing,et al.Laboratory study on accelerated corrosion of concrete by artificial sewage[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2003(4):23(in Chinese).张小伟,韩静云,田永静,等.模拟城市生活污水对混凝土的加速腐蚀[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2003(4):23.
17 Zhang Xiaowei,Han Jingyun,Gao Zhihai,et al.Comparing study on corrosion of concrete under two kinds of acid[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2003(5):8(in Chinese).张小伟,韩静云,郜志海,等.两种酸对混凝土腐蚀的对比试验研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2003(5):8.
18 Zhu Rongxia.Microbiological corrosion of reinforced concrete[J].Equipment Environmental Engineering,2010(7):50(in Chinese).朱绒霞.钢筋混凝土微生物腐蚀[J].装备环境工程,2010(7):50.
19 Han Wentao.Research on the pipe corrosion caused by iron bacteria in water distribution systems[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014(in Chinese).韩文滔.供水管网中铁细菌对管道腐蚀机理的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
20 Parker C.Mechanics of corrosion of concrete sewers by hydrogen sulfide[J].Sewage and Industrial Wastes,1951,23:1477.
21 Islander R L,Devinny J S,Mansfield F,et al.Microbial ecology of crown corrosion in sewers[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,1991,117:751.
22 Zhang Xiaowei,Zhang Xiong.Present and prospect of microbial corrosion prevention of concrete[J].Materials Protection,2005(11):52(in Chinese).张小伟,张雄.混凝土微生物腐蚀防治研究现状和展望[J].材料保护,2005(11):52.
23 Vincke E,Boon N,Verstraete W.Analysis of the microbial communities on corroded concrete sewer pipes-a case study[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2001,57:776.
24 Gu J D,Ford T E,Berke N S,et al.Biodeterioration of concrete by the fungus Fusarium[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,1998,41:101.
25 George R P,Ramya S,Ramachandran D,et al.Studies on biodegradation of normal concrete surfaces by fungus Fusarium sp[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2013,47:8.
26 Sand W,Bock E,White D C.Biotest system for rapid evaluation of concrete resistance to sulfur oxidizing bacteria[J].Materials Performance,1987,26:14.
27 Alexander M G,Fourie C W.Performance of sewer pipe concrete mixtures with Portland and calcium aluminate cements subject to mineral and biogenic acid attack[J].Materials and Structures,2010,44:313.
28 Ehrich S,Helard L,Letourneux R,et al.Biogenic and chemical sulfuric acid corrosion of mortars[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,1999,11:340.
29 Navas M J,Borralleras M J.Concrete with antibiotic and antifungal properties[C]∥Proceedings International Symposium on Concrete for a Sustainable Agriculture City.2005.
30 Jensen H S,Nielsen A H,Hvitved J T,et al.Modeling of hydrogen sulfide oxidation in concrete corrosion products from sewer pipes[J].Water Environment Research,2009,81:365.
31 Joseph A P,Keller J,Bustamante H,et al.Surface neutralization and H2S oxidation at early stages of sewer corrosion:Influence of temperature,relative humidity and H2S concentration[J].Water Research,2012,46:4235.
32 Yongsiri C,Vollertsen J,Hvitved-Jacobsen T.Effect of temperature on air-water transfer of hydrogen sulfide[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering-ASCE,2004,130:104.
33 Pomeroy R D.The problem of hydrogen sulphide in sewers[R].London:Clay Pipe Development Association Limited,1990.
34 De Belie N,Monteny J,Beeldens A,et al.Experimental research and prediction of the effect of chemical and biogenic sulfuric acid on different types of commercially produced concrete sewer pipes[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2004,34:2223.
35 Berndt M L.Evaluation of coatings,mortars and mix design for protection of concrete against sulphur oxidising bacteria[J].Construction and Building Materials,2011,25:3893.
36 Saricimen H.Durability of proprietary cementitious materials for use in wastewater transport systems[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2003,25:421.
37 Bao Xin.Experimental and prediction study on the deterioration behavior of concrete in municipal sewage[D].Shijiazhuang:Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,2016(in Chinese).包昕.污水环境下混凝土的劣化行为及预测研究[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2016.
38 Elke V.Influence of polymer addition on biogenic sulfuric acid attack of concrete[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2002,49:283.
39 Fisher A K.The durability of cellulose fiber reinforced concrete pipes in sewage applications[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2001,31(4):543.
40 Miller.Corrosion protection in concrete sanitary sewers:US,6056997[P].2000-04-02.
41 Hector A,Videla.Prevention and control of biocorrosion[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2002,49:259.
42 Du Hongyan,Qiu Furong,Lin Changjian.Corrosion mechanism of concrete and new protection methods[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2001(3):156(in Chinese).杜洪彦,邱富荣,林昌健.混凝土的腐蚀机理与新型防护方法[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2001(3):156.
43 Wang Meng.Research on the corrosion and prevention of the concrete in urban sewage[D].Shijiazhuang:Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,2015(in Chinese).王萌.城市生活污水对混凝土的腐蚀及防治研究[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2015.
44 Sun Hongyao,Li Zhen,Chen Shuigen.Development of anti-microbiologically-influenced-corrosion coatings[J].Hydro-science and Engineering,2002(2):16(in Chinese).孙红尧,李震,陈水根.耐微生物腐蚀涂料的研制[J].水利水运工程学报,2002(2):16.
45 Ma Rong.Effect on chlorine dioxide disinfection technology applied in the oilfield water injection back[J].Oil-gasfield Surface Engineering,2016(6):88(in Chinese).马荣.二氧化氯杀菌技术在油田回注水处理中的应用效果[J].油气田地面工程,2016(6):88.
46 Qiao Yina.The research of disinfection mechanics and its sterilization disinfection application of chlorine dioxide on urban sewage[D].Taiyuan:North University of China,2008(in Chinese).乔怡娜.二氧化氯杀菌机理及其对城市污水杀菌消毒应用研究[D].太原:中北大学,2008.
47 Yamanaka T,Aso I,Togashi S,et al.Corrosion by bacteria of concrete in sewerage systems and inhibitory effects of formats on their growth[J].Water Research,2002,36:2636.
48 Loto C A.Microbiological corrosion:Mechanism,control and impact—A review[J].Internati-onal Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,92(9-12):4241.
49 Wood.Inhibition of sulfate-reducing-bacteria-mediated degradation using bacteria which secrete antimicrobials:US,6630197[P].2003-10-07.
50 Qian Chunxiang,Luo Mian,Pan Qingfeng,et al.Mechanism of microbially induced calcite precipitation in self-healing concrete[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2013,41(5):620(in Chinese).钱春香,罗勉,潘庆峰,等.自修复混凝土中微生物矿化方解石的形成机理[J].硅酸盐学报,2013,41(5):620.
51 Qian Chunxiang,Ren Lifu,Luo Mian.Development of concrete surface defects and cracks repair technology based on microbial-induced mineralization[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2015,43(5):619(in Chinese).钱春香,任立夫,罗勉.基于微生物诱导矿化的混凝土表面缺陷及裂缝修复技术研究进展[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43(5):619.