综合考虑植被、温度和降水的四川省月尺度伏旱遥感监测
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摘要
基于四川农业大省的重要性、伏旱监测的必要性、复杂地貌背景区实测气象站点的有限性以及多云雾天气下高频伏旱遥感监测的困难性,综合降水(TRM)、植被(VCI)和地表热力状况(TCI)在旱情发生发展中的作用及体现,构建基于三者加权的伏旱遥感监测模型,并完成了2000—2015年7—8月四川省月尺度伏旱监测,从伏旱多年平均状态、演变趋势、频率三方面分析了四川省月尺度伏旱的时空演变规律。结果表明:1)SDCI(归一化旱情综合指数)=0.25×VCI+0.5×TRM+0.25×TCI模型是最适用于四川省的月尺度伏旱监测模型。该模型体现了在伏旱监测过程中考虑并突出降水的重要性。2)四川省7月平均旱情强度较强,8月旱情强度整体上有所减弱;各地貌类型区7、8月旱情强度则表现为川东盆地旱情强度最强,高原与盆地过渡区次之,川西高原最弱。3)四川省整体上7月伏旱呈减缓变化,8月旱情呈加重变化。川东盆地7月伏旱以加重变化为主,8月则为减缓变化;高原与盆地过渡区及川西高原7月伏旱以减缓变化为主,8月多表现为加重变化。4)四川省不同地貌背景区伏旱频率分布特征表现为川东盆地历年旱情发生频率最高,其次是高原与盆地过渡区、川西高原。川东盆地和高原与盆地过渡区以中度干旱较为频发,川西高原则多为轻度干旱。
Considering the comprehensive role of precipitation(TRM), vegetation(VCI) and surface thermal state(TCI) in the occurrence and development of droughts, a drought monitoring model is constructed at monthly scale in Sichuan Province based on remote sensing data during 2000-2015. Furthermore, the condition, evolution trend and frequency of droughts in different morphological areas are discussed. The results show as follows: 1) The SDCI modes is the most applicable model for drought monitoring at month scale in mountain areas,which can be described as SDCI=0.25 × VCI + 0.5 × TRM + 0.25 × TCI. This model embodies the importance of precipitation in drought monitoring. 2) In temporal scale, the intensities of droughts in July are the strongest, while those in August become weaker. In spatial scale, the intensities of droughts in East Sichuan Basin are the strongest in both July and August, then followed by those in the transition area between Plateau and Basin, while those in plateau area in west of Sichuan is the weakest. 3) In greatly, the summer drought in July becomes weaker while the summer drought in August becomes more severe. However, it shows spatial difference. The summer drought in east Sichuan Province becomes aggravated in July but weaker in August; while in plateau and basin transition zone and western Sichuan Plateau, the summer drought becomes weaker in July but aggravated in August. 4) The frequency of occurrence of droughts is the highest in the eastern Sichuan Basin, followed by the plateau and basin transition zone, and then the western Sichuan Plateau. Moderate droughts occurred frequently in eastern Sichuan Basin and Plateau and Basin transition zone, while mild droughts occurred frequently in the Western Sichuan Plateau.
Considering the comprehensive role of precipitation(TRM), vegetation(VCI) and surface thermal state(TCI) in the occurrence and development of droughts, a drought monitoring model is constructed at monthly scale in Sichuan Province based on remote sensing data during 2000-2015. Furthermore, the condition, evolution trend and frequency of droughts in different morphological areas are discussed. The results show as follows: 1) The SDCI modes is the most applicable model for drought monitoring at month scale in mountain areas,which can be described as SDCI=0.25 × VCI + 0.5 × TRM + 0.25 × TCI. This model embodies the importance of precipitation in drought monitoring. 2) In temporal scale, the intensities of droughts in July are the strongest, while those in August become weaker. In spatial scale, the intensities of droughts in East Sichuan Basin are the strongest in both July and August, then followed by those in the transition area between Plateau and Basin, while those in plateau area in west of Sichuan is the weakest. 3) In greatly, the summer drought in July becomes weaker while the summer drought in August becomes more severe. However, it shows spatial difference. The summer drought in east Sichuan Province becomes aggravated in July but weaker in August; while in plateau and basin transition zone and western Sichuan Plateau, the summer drought becomes weaker in July but aggravated in August. 4) The frequency of occurrence of droughts is the highest in the eastern Sichuan Basin, followed by the plateau and basin transition zone, and then the western Sichuan Plateau. Moderate droughts occurred frequently in eastern Sichuan Basin and Plateau and Basin transition zone, while mild droughts occurred frequently in the Western Sichuan Plateau.
引文
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[7]陈学凯,雷宏军,徐建新,等.气候变化背景下贵州省农作物生长期干旱时空变化规律[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(10):1735-1749.[CHEN X K,LEI H J,XU J X,et al.Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of drought during crop growth period in Guizhou Province from climate change perspectives.Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(10):1735-1749.]
[8]白力改,燕琴,张丽,等.MODIS干旱指数对华北干旱的敏感性分析[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(5):708-716.[BAI L G,YAN Q,ZHANG L,et al.Sensitivity analysis of response of MODIS derived drought indices to drought in North China.Arid Land Geography,2012,35(5):708-716.]
[9]齐述华,王长耀,牛铮.利用温度植被旱情指数(TVDI)进行全国旱情监测研究[J].遥感学报,2003,7(5):420-427.[QI S H,WANG C Y,NIU Z.Evaluating soil moisture status in China using the temperature/vegetation dryness index(TVDI).Journal of Remote Sensing,2003,7(5):420-427.]
[10]王鑫,陈东东,李金建.基于MODIS的温度植被干旱指数在四川盆地盛夏干旱监测中的适用性研究[J].高原山地气象研究,2015,35(2):46-51.[WANG X,CHEN D D,LI J J.Application of temperature-vegetation dryness index to monitor drought in Sichuan Basin based on the MODIS data.Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research,2015,35(2):46-51.]
[11]王春林,陈慧华,唐力生,等.基于前期降水指数的气象干旱指标及其应用[J].气候变化研究进展,2012,8(3):157-163.[WANG C L,CHEN H H,TANG L S,et al.A daily meteorological drought indicator based on standardized antecedent precipitation index and its spatial-temperal variation.Progressus Inquisitiones de Mutatione Climatis,2012,8(3):157-163.]
[12]张顺谦,卿清涛,侯美亭,等.基于温度植被干旱指数的四川旱情遥感监测与影响评估[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(9):141-146.[ZHANG S Q,QING Q T,HOU M T,et al.Remote sensing and impact estimation for Sichuan hotdrought based on temperature vegetation dryness index.Transactions of the CSAE,2007,23(9):141-146.]
[13]GHULAM A,QIN Q,ZHAN Z.Designing of the perpendicular drought index[J].Environmental Geology,2007,52(6):1045-1052.
[14]张峰.川渝地区农业气象干旱风险区划与损失评估研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013:1-152.[ZHANG F.Regionalization of Agricultural Meteorological Drought Risk and Loss Evaluation in Sichuan-Chongqing Area.Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2013:1-152.]
[15]杨绍锷,闫娜娜,吴炳方.农业干旱遥感监测研究进展[J].遥感信息,2010(1):103-109.[YANG S E,YAN N N,WU B F.Advances in agricultural drought monitoring by remote sensing.Remote Sensing Information,2010(1):103-109.]
[16]SANDHOLT I,RASMUSSEN K,ANDERSEN J.A simple interpretation of the surface temperature/vegetation index space for assessment of surface moisture status[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2002,79(23):213-224.
[17]GOETZ S J.Multisensor analysis of NDVI,surface temperature and biophysical variables at a mixed grassland site[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1997,18(15):71-94.
[18]MORAN M S,CLARKE T R,INOUE Y.Estimating crop water deficit using the relation between surface-air temperature and spectral vegetation index[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1994,49(3):246-263.
[19]鞠笑生,杨贤为,陈丽娟,等.我国单站旱涝指标确定和区域旱涝级别划分的研究[J].应用气象学报,1997,8(1):26-33.[JU X S,YANG X W,CHEN L J,et al.Research on determination of station indexes and division of regional flood drought grades in China.Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,1997,8(1):26-33.]
[20]袁文平,周广胜.标准化降水指标与Z指数在我国应用的对比分析[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(4):523-529.[YUAN W P,ZHOU G S.Comparison between standardized precipitation index and Z-index in China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2004,28(4):523-529.]
[21]RHEE J,IM J,CARBONE G J.Monitoring agricultural drought for arid and humid regions using multi-sensor remote sensing data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114:2875-2887.
[22]王帅兵,李常斌,杨林山,等.基于标准化降水指数与Z指数的洮河流域干旱趋势分析[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(3):565-572.[WANG S B,LI C B,YANG L S,et al.Drought trend analysis based on standardized precipitation index and the Z index in the Tao River Basin.Arid Zone Research,2015,32(3):565-572.]
[23]王杰,倪长健,姚鹏,等.近30年四川省夏季农业干旱危险性空间分布特征分析[J].自然灾害学报,2013,22(5):247-253.[WANG J,NI C J,YAO P,et al.Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of summer agricultural drought hazard in Sichuan Province during recent 30 years.Journal of Natural Disasters,2013,22(5):247-253.]
[24]巫娜,罗凝谊,许勇.四川盆地干旱灾害统计特征[J].气象科技,2014,42(2):309-313.[WU N,LUO N Y,XU Y.Statistical characteristics of drought disasters in Sichuan Basin.Meteorological Science and Technology,2014,42(2):309-313.]
[25]王明田,王翔,黄晚华,等.基于相对湿润度指数的西南地区季节性干旱时空发布特征[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(19):85-92.[WANG M T,WANG X,HUANG W H,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution of seasonal drought in southwest of China based on relative moisture index.Transactions of the CSAE,2012,28(19):85-92.]
[26]李超,李跃清,蒋兴文.四川盆地低涡的月际变化及其日降水分布统计特征[J].大气科学,2015,39(6):1191-1203.[LI C,LI Y Q,JIANG X W.Statistical characteristics of the inter-monthly variation of the Sichuan Basin vortex and the distribution of daily precipitation.Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2015,39(6):1191-1203.]
[27]杜华明,延军平.四川省气候变化特征与旱涝区域响应[J].资源科学,2013,35(12):2491-2500.[DU H M,YAN J P.Climatic change and drought-flood regional responses in Sichuan.Resources Science,2013,35(12):2491-2500.]
[28]邓绍辉,罗晓彬.建国以来四川旱灾特点及其防治[J].四川师范大学学报(社会科学版),2005,32(3):125-132.[DENG S H,LUO X B.Features,prevention and remedy of droughts in Sichuan since 1949.Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition),2005,32(3):125-132.]
[2]胡豪然,毛晓亮,梁玲,等.近50年川渝地区夏季极端高温事件的时空演变特征[J].高原山地气象研究,2008,28(3):15-20.[HU H R,MAO X L,LIANG L,et al.Temporal and spatial variations of extreme high-temperature event of summer over Sichuan and Chongqing region in the last 50 years.Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research,2008,28(3):15-20.]
[3]胡豪然,李跃清.近50年来川渝地区夏季高温及严重干燥事件分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(7):832-838.[HU H R,LI Y W.On high temperature and severe dry event of summer over Sichuan and Chongqing region in last 50years.Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2010,19(7):832-838.]
[4]黄友昕,刘修国,沈永林,等.农业干旱遥感监测指标及其适应性评价方法研究进展[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(16):186-195.[HUANG Y X,LIU X G,SHEN Y L,et al.Advances in remote sensing derived agricultural drought monitoring indices and adaptability evaluation methods.Transaction of the CSAE,2015,31(16):186-195.]
[5]马彬,张勃,周丹,等.基于标准化降水蒸散指数的中国东部季风区干旱特征分布[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(7):1185-1197.[MA B,ZHANG B,ZHOU D,et al.Analysis of drought characteristics of the East China monsoon area based on standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index.Journal of Natural Resources,2016,31(7):1185-1197.]
[6]樊高峰,苗长明,毛裕定.干旱指标及其在浙江省干旱监测分析中的应用[J].气象,2006,32(2):70-74.[FAN G F,MIAO C M,MAO Y D.Application of drought indexes to dryness assessment in Zhejiang Province.Meteorological Monthly,2006,32(2):70-74.]
[7]陈学凯,雷宏军,徐建新,等.气候变化背景下贵州省农作物生长期干旱时空变化规律[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(10):1735-1749.[CHEN X K,LEI H J,XU J X,et al.Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of drought during crop growth period in Guizhou Province from climate change perspectives.Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(10):1735-1749.]
[8]白力改,燕琴,张丽,等.MODIS干旱指数对华北干旱的敏感性分析[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(5):708-716.[BAI L G,YAN Q,ZHANG L,et al.Sensitivity analysis of response of MODIS derived drought indices to drought in North China.Arid Land Geography,2012,35(5):708-716.]
[9]齐述华,王长耀,牛铮.利用温度植被旱情指数(TVDI)进行全国旱情监测研究[J].遥感学报,2003,7(5):420-427.[QI S H,WANG C Y,NIU Z.Evaluating soil moisture status in China using the temperature/vegetation dryness index(TVDI).Journal of Remote Sensing,2003,7(5):420-427.]
[10]王鑫,陈东东,李金建.基于MODIS的温度植被干旱指数在四川盆地盛夏干旱监测中的适用性研究[J].高原山地气象研究,2015,35(2):46-51.[WANG X,CHEN D D,LI J J.Application of temperature-vegetation dryness index to monitor drought in Sichuan Basin based on the MODIS data.Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research,2015,35(2):46-51.]
[11]王春林,陈慧华,唐力生,等.基于前期降水指数的气象干旱指标及其应用[J].气候变化研究进展,2012,8(3):157-163.[WANG C L,CHEN H H,TANG L S,et al.A daily meteorological drought indicator based on standardized antecedent precipitation index and its spatial-temperal variation.Progressus Inquisitiones de Mutatione Climatis,2012,8(3):157-163.]
[12]张顺谦,卿清涛,侯美亭,等.基于温度植被干旱指数的四川旱情遥感监测与影响评估[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(9):141-146.[ZHANG S Q,QING Q T,HOU M T,et al.Remote sensing and impact estimation for Sichuan hotdrought based on temperature vegetation dryness index.Transactions of the CSAE,2007,23(9):141-146.]
[13]GHULAM A,QIN Q,ZHAN Z.Designing of the perpendicular drought index[J].Environmental Geology,2007,52(6):1045-1052.
[14]张峰.川渝地区农业气象干旱风险区划与损失评估研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013:1-152.[ZHANG F.Regionalization of Agricultural Meteorological Drought Risk and Loss Evaluation in Sichuan-Chongqing Area.Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2013:1-152.]
[15]杨绍锷,闫娜娜,吴炳方.农业干旱遥感监测研究进展[J].遥感信息,2010(1):103-109.[YANG S E,YAN N N,WU B F.Advances in agricultural drought monitoring by remote sensing.Remote Sensing Information,2010(1):103-109.]
[16]SANDHOLT I,RASMUSSEN K,ANDERSEN J.A simple interpretation of the surface temperature/vegetation index space for assessment of surface moisture status[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2002,79(23):213-224.
[17]GOETZ S J.Multisensor analysis of NDVI,surface temperature and biophysical variables at a mixed grassland site[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1997,18(15):71-94.
[18]MORAN M S,CLARKE T R,INOUE Y.Estimating crop water deficit using the relation between surface-air temperature and spectral vegetation index[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1994,49(3):246-263.
[19]鞠笑生,杨贤为,陈丽娟,等.我国单站旱涝指标确定和区域旱涝级别划分的研究[J].应用气象学报,1997,8(1):26-33.[JU X S,YANG X W,CHEN L J,et al.Research on determination of station indexes and division of regional flood drought grades in China.Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,1997,8(1):26-33.]
[20]袁文平,周广胜.标准化降水指标与Z指数在我国应用的对比分析[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(4):523-529.[YUAN W P,ZHOU G S.Comparison between standardized precipitation index and Z-index in China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2004,28(4):523-529.]
[21]RHEE J,IM J,CARBONE G J.Monitoring agricultural drought for arid and humid regions using multi-sensor remote sensing data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114:2875-2887.
[22]王帅兵,李常斌,杨林山,等.基于标准化降水指数与Z指数的洮河流域干旱趋势分析[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(3):565-572.[WANG S B,LI C B,YANG L S,et al.Drought trend analysis based on standardized precipitation index and the Z index in the Tao River Basin.Arid Zone Research,2015,32(3):565-572.]
[23]王杰,倪长健,姚鹏,等.近30年四川省夏季农业干旱危险性空间分布特征分析[J].自然灾害学报,2013,22(5):247-253.[WANG J,NI C J,YAO P,et al.Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of summer agricultural drought hazard in Sichuan Province during recent 30 years.Journal of Natural Disasters,2013,22(5):247-253.]
[24]巫娜,罗凝谊,许勇.四川盆地干旱灾害统计特征[J].气象科技,2014,42(2):309-313.[WU N,LUO N Y,XU Y.Statistical characteristics of drought disasters in Sichuan Basin.Meteorological Science and Technology,2014,42(2):309-313.]
[25]王明田,王翔,黄晚华,等.基于相对湿润度指数的西南地区季节性干旱时空发布特征[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(19):85-92.[WANG M T,WANG X,HUANG W H,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution of seasonal drought in southwest of China based on relative moisture index.Transactions of the CSAE,2012,28(19):85-92.]
[26]李超,李跃清,蒋兴文.四川盆地低涡的月际变化及其日降水分布统计特征[J].大气科学,2015,39(6):1191-1203.[LI C,LI Y Q,JIANG X W.Statistical characteristics of the inter-monthly variation of the Sichuan Basin vortex and the distribution of daily precipitation.Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2015,39(6):1191-1203.]
[27]杜华明,延军平.四川省气候变化特征与旱涝区域响应[J].资源科学,2013,35(12):2491-2500.[DU H M,YAN J P.Climatic change and drought-flood regional responses in Sichuan.Resources Science,2013,35(12):2491-2500.]
[28]邓绍辉,罗晓彬.建国以来四川旱灾特点及其防治[J].四川师范大学学报(社会科学版),2005,32(3):125-132.[DENG S H,LUO X B.Features,prevention and remedy of droughts in Sichuan since 1949.Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition),2005,32(3):125-132.]