含不同类型能源的多局域电网优化经济调度
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摘要
含不同类型能源的局域电网中包括多个微网,在微网内部引入电转气P2G(powertogas)设备加强了电力和天然气网络间的耦合,减少了弃水弃光现象,但也使可再生能源在进行优化调度时发生了能源重复转换,降低了用能效率,产生能源损耗。同时,随着越来越多的微网在一定区域的聚合形成了多微网系统,其存在着微网与配网和微网间的功率交互。在此背景下,基于目标级联法,依据利益主体的不同,以生产效益最优为目标,建立了一种考虑微网内部能源重复转换,微网与配网、微网间功率交互的优化调度模型,该模型计及了对各设备出力的影响,优化得到了协调各设备的调度运行计划及系统最优运行成本。最后,在算例中对模型进行验证,结果表明所提优化调度模型能够在提高可再生能源消纳的情况下,降低系统运行成本,提高用能效率,实现了整个系统的能量优化管理。
Local grids with different types of energy may include multiple microgrids. Introduction of P2G(Power to Gas) equipment inside the microgrids strengthens the coupling between power and natural gas networks, reducing wind and solar light abandonment, but also causing repeated energy conversion of renewable energy, energy efficiency decrease and energy loss during optimal scheduling. At the same time, as more and more microgrids are aggregated in a certain area to form an integrated multi-micro network system, power interaction between the micro-networks and the distribution network exists there. In this context, based on analytical target cascading, in accordance with different stakeholders and with optimal production efficiency as the goal, an optimization model of internal energy reuse of the microgrid and power interaction between the microgrids and the distribution network is established. Taking into account the impact on output of each device, the scheduling model optimizes the scheduling operation plan of each equipment and operating cost of the system. Finally, the model is validated with example study. Results show that the proposed optimal scheduling model can reduce operating cost of the system, improve energy efficiency, and realize energy optimization management of whole system on the basis of improving renewable energy accommodation.
Local grids with different types of energy may include multiple microgrids. Introduction of P2G(Power to Gas) equipment inside the microgrids strengthens the coupling between power and natural gas networks, reducing wind and solar light abandonment, but also causing repeated energy conversion of renewable energy, energy efficiency decrease and energy loss during optimal scheduling. At the same time, as more and more microgrids are aggregated in a certain area to form an integrated multi-micro network system, power interaction between the micro-networks and the distribution network exists there. In this context, based on analytical target cascading, in accordance with different stakeholders and with optimal production efficiency as the goal, an optimization model of internal energy reuse of the microgrid and power interaction between the microgrids and the distribution network is established. Taking into account the impact on output of each device, the scheduling model optimizes the scheduling operation plan of each equipment and operating cost of the system. Finally, the model is validated with example study. Results show that the proposed optimal scheduling model can reduce operating cost of the system, improve energy efficiency, and realize energy optimization management of whole system on the basis of improving renewable energy accommodation.
引文
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[25]李惠玲,张志强,唐晓骏,等.风电和抽水蓄能联合送出时大型风电最优入网规模研究[J].电网技术,2015,39(10):2746-2750.Li Huiling,Zhang Zhiqiang,Tang Xiaojun,et al.Research on optimal capacity of large wind power considering joint operation with pumped hydro storage[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(10):2746-2750(in Chinese).
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[27]Talgorn B,Kokkolaras M.Compact implementation of nonhierarchical analytical target cascading for coordinating distributed multidisciplinary design optimization problems[J].Structural&Multidisciplinary Optimization,2017(13):1-6.
[28]徐青山,李淋,盛业宏,等.冷热电联供型多微网主动配电系统日前优化经济调度[J].电网技术,2018,42(6):1726-1735.Xu Qingshan,Li Lin,Sheng Yehong,et al.Day-ahead optimized economic dispatch of active distribution power system with combined cooling heating and power-based micogrids[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(6):1726-1735(in Chinese).
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[2]吉平,周孝信,宋云亭,等.区域可再生能源规划模型述评与展望[J].电网技术,2013,37(8):2071-2079.Ji Ping,Zhou Xiaoxin,Song Yunting,et al.Review and prospect of regional renewable energy planning models[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(8):2071-2079(in Chinese).
[3]吴建中.欧洲综合能源系统发展的驱动与现状[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(5):1-7.Wu Jianzhong.Drivers and state-of-the-art of integrated energy system in Europe[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(5):1-7(in Chinese).
[4]Geidl M,Koeppel G,Favre-Perrod P,et al.Energy hubs for the future[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2007,5(1):24-30.
[5]陈杰,陈新,冯志阳,等.微网系统并网/孤岛运行模式无缝切换控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(19):3089-3097.Chen Jie,Chen Xin,Feng Zhiyang,et al.A control strategy of seamless transfer between grid-connected and islanding operation for microgrid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(19):3089-3097(in Chinese).
[6]杨佩佩,艾欣,崔明勇,等.基于粒子群优化算法的含多种供能系统的微网经济运行分析[J].电网技术,2009,33(20):38-42.Yang Peipei,Ai Xin,Cui Mingyong,et al.Particle swarm optimization based economic operation analysis of microgrid containing mutlti energy supply system[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(20):38-42(in Chinese).
[7]陈洁,杨秀,朱兰,等.不同运行调度模式下微网经济运行对比分析[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(8):106-113.Chen Jie,Yang Xiu,Zhu Lan,et al.Comparison of microgrid economic operation among different dispatch modes[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(8):106-113(in Chinese).
[8]刘小平,丁明,张颖媛,等.微网系统的动态经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(31):77-84.Liu Xiaoping,Ding Ming,Zhang Yingyuan,et al.Dynamic economic dispatch for microgrids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(31):77-84(in Chinese).
[9]艾欣,许佳佳.基于互动调度的微网与配电网协调运行模式研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(1):143-149.Ai Xin,Xu Jiajia.Study on the microgrid and distribution network co-operation model based on interactive scheduling[J].Power System Protection and Contorl,2013,41(1):143-149(in Chinese).
[10]Krause T,Andersson G,Frohlich K,et al.Multiple-energy carriers:modeling of production,delivery,and consumption[J].Proceeding of the IEEE,2011(1):15-27.
[11]王毅,张宁,康重庆.能源互联网中能量枢纽的优化规划与运行研究综述及展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(22):5669-5681.Wang Yi,Zhang Ning,Kang Chongqing.Review and prospect of optimal planning and operation of energy hub in energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(22):5669-5681(in Chinese).
[12]熊焰,吴杰康,王强,等.风光气储互补发电的冷热电联供优化协调模型及求解方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3616-3625.Xiong Yan,Wu Jiekang,Wang Qiang,et al.An optimization coordination model and solution for combined cooling,heating and electric power systems with complimentary generation of wind,PV,gas and energy storage[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3616-3625(in Chinese).
[13]杜妍,裴玮,葛贤军,等.综合能源微网系统的滚动优化经济调度[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2017,29(11):20-25.Du Yan,Pei Wei,Ge Xianjun,et al.Rolling optimization of economic dispatching for multi-energy micro-grid system[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2017,29(11):20-25(in Chinese).
[14]肖浩,裴玮,孔力,等.综合能源微网运行优化调度方法研究[J].电工电能新技术,2016,35(12):1-11.Xiao Hao,Pei Wei,Kong Li,et al.Research on optimal operation method of integrated energy microgrid system[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2016,35(12):1-11(in Chinese).
[15]陈沼宇,王丹,贾宏杰,等.考虑P2G多源储能型微网日前最优经济调度策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(11):3067-3077,3362.Chen Zhaoyu,Wang Dan,Jia Hongjie,et al.Research on optimal dayahead economic dispatching strategy for microgrid considering P2Gand multi-source energy storage system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(11):3067-3077,3362(in Chinese).
[16]李杨,刘伟佳,赵俊华,等.含电转气的电-气-热系统协同调度与消纳风电效益分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3680-3689.Li Yang,Liu Weijia,Zhao Junhua,et al.Optimal dispatch of combined electricity-gas-heat energy systems with power-to-gas devices and benefit analysis of wind power accommodation[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3680-3689(in Chinese).
[17]胡晓通,刘天琪,何川,等.计及蓄电池损耗特性的微网多目标优化运行[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(10):2674-2681.Hu Xiaotong,Liu Tianqi,He Chuan,et al.Multi-objective optimal operation of microgrid considering the battery loss characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(10):2674-2681(in Chinese).
[18]胡晓通,刘天琪,刘舒,等.基于动态奖惩电价的微电网与配网协调优化运行[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(3):33-40.Hu Xiaotong,Liu Tianqi,Liu Shu,et al.Coordinated optimal operation between microgrid and distribution network based on dynamic award and penalty price[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(3):33-40(in Chinese).
[19]江润洲,邱晓燕,李丹,等.含储能系统的多微网智能配电系统经济运行[J].电网技术,2013,37(12):3596-3602.Jiang Runzhou,Qiu Xiaoyan,Li Dan,et al.Economic operation of smart distribution network containing multi microgrids and energy storage system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(12):3596-3602(in Chinese).
[20]江润洲,邱晓燕,李丹.基于多代理的多微网智能配电网动态博弈模型[J].电网技术,2014,38(12):3321-3327.Jiang Runzhou,Qiu Xiaoyan,Li Dan.Multi-agent system based dynamic game model of smart distribution network containing multimicrogrid[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(12):3321-3327(in Chinese).
[21]谢敏,吉祥,柯少佳,等.基于目标级联分析法的多微网主动配电系统自治优化经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(17):4911-4921,5210.Xie Min,Ji Xiang,Ke Shaojia,et al.Autonomous optimized economic dispatch of active distribution power system with multi-microgrids based on analytical target cascading theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(17):4911-4921,5210(in Chinese).
[22]王成山,洪博文,郭力,等.冷热电联供优化调度通用建模方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(31):26-33.Wang Chengshan,Hong Bowen,Guo Li,et al.A general modeling method for optimal dispatch of combined cooling,heating and power microgrid[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2013,33(31):26-33(in Chinese).
[23]Madrigal M,Quintana A D.Semidefinite programming relaxations for{0,1}-power dispatch problems[C]//IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting.Edmonton,Alta,Canada:IEEE,1999:697-702.
[24]吴杰康,郭壮志.基于仿电磁学算法的梯级水电站多目标短期优化调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(31):14-21.Wu Jiekang,Guo Zhuangzhi.Electromagnetism-like mechanism based multi-objective short-term optimization scheduling for cascade hydro plants[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(31):14-21(in Chinese).
[25]李惠玲,张志强,唐晓骏,等.风电和抽水蓄能联合送出时大型风电最优入网规模研究[J].电网技术,2015,39(10):2746-2750.Li Huiling,Zhang Zhiqiang,Tang Xiaojun,et al.Research on optimal capacity of large wind power considering joint operation with pumped hydro storage[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(10):2746-2750(in Chinese).
[26]Kim H M,Rideout G,Papalambros P Y,et al.Analytical target cascading in automotive vehicle design[J].Journal of Mechanical Design,2003,125(9):481-489.
[27]Talgorn B,Kokkolaras M.Compact implementation of nonhierarchical analytical target cascading for coordinating distributed multidisciplinary design optimization problems[J].Structural&Multidisciplinary Optimization,2017(13):1-6.
[28]徐青山,李淋,盛业宏,等.冷热电联供型多微网主动配电系统日前优化经济调度[J].电网技术,2018,42(6):1726-1735.Xu Qingshan,Li Lin,Sheng Yehong,et al.Day-ahead optimized economic dispatch of active distribution power system with combined cooling heating and power-based micogrids[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(6):1726-1735(in Chinese).
[29]徐青山,曾艾东,王凯,等.基于Hessian内点法的微型能源网日前冷热电联供经济优化调度[J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1657-1665.Xu,Qingshan,Zeng Aidong,Wang Kai,et al.Day-ahead optimized economic dispatching for combined cooling,heating and power in micro energy-grid based on hessian interior point method[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(6):1657-1665(in Chinese).
[30]刘天琪,江东林.基于储能单元运行方式优化的微电网经济运行[J].电网技术,2012,36(1):45-50.Liu Tianqi,Jiang Donglin.Economic operation of microgrid based on operation mode optimization of energy storage unit[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(1):45-50(in Chinese).