滇中亚高山森林乔木层各器官生态化学计量特征
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摘要
探究森林乔木层各器官碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)生态化学计量特征,对掌握养分元素在森林群落优势层的分配格局及各器官养分受限状况等具有重要的作用。本文对滇中亚高山区域5种典型森林(云南松林、华山松林、常绿阔叶林、高山栎林、滇油杉林)乔木层各器官(叶、枝、干、皮、根)进行取样,分析其C、N、P含量及C/N、C/P和N/P化学计量特征,结果显示:不同林型乔木层除N含量差异不显著外,C、P含量及C/N、C/P和N/P均存在显著差异; 5种林型乔木层叶、枝、干、皮和根的C含量分别为482.40～576.03、472.50～566.47、462. 67～512. 30、465. 10～542. 30、478. 67～566. 47 mg·g~(-1),N含量分别为11.30～25.42、4.20～7.47、3.49～8.30、6.18～9.71、6.08～10.64 mg·g~(-1),P含量分别为0.84～2.36、0.42～1.02、0.25～0.81、0.30～0.82、0.55～1.63 mg·g~(-1),在不同器官间,C含量差异不大,N、P含量均为叶和根最高,其他器官相对较低,其中常绿阔叶林和高山栎林的C含量、C/N、C/P均呈干>枝>皮>根>叶,N含量均呈叶>根>皮>枝>干,而其余3种林型的C/P则呈干>皮>枝>根>叶的规律,P含量在5种林型各器官间规律均为叶>根>枝>皮>干; N/P值除了常绿阔叶林小于10外,其余4种森林类型均在10～20,说明常绿阔叶林乔木的生长主要受N元素的限制,而其余林型乔木则受到N、P两种元素共同限制;双因素方差分析结果表明,C含量、N/P主要受林型因素的影响,而N、P含量、C/N、C/P主要受器官因素的影响。
Exploring ecological stoichiometry of carbon( C),nitrogen( N) and phosphorus( P)in tree layer of forest is of great importance to understanding nutrient allocation and limitation status in the dominant layer of forest community. Different organs( leaf,branch,trunk,bark,and root) of five typical forests( Pinus yunnanensis forest,Pinus armandii forest,evergreen broadleaf forest,Quercus semicarpifolia forest,Keteleeria evelyniana forest) were sampled in subalpine area of central Yunnan. The concentrations of C,N and P were measured and C ∶ N ∶ P stoichiometry were analyzed. The results showed that the ranges of C concentrations in the leaves,branches,trunks,barks and roots of five forest types were 482.40-576.03,472.50-566.47,462.67-512.30,465.10-542.30,478.67-566.47 mg·g~(-1),N concentrations 11.30-25.42,4.20-7.47,3.49-8.30,6.18-9.71,6.08-10.64 mg·g~(-1),and P concentrations 0.84-2.36,0.42-1.02,0.25-0.81,0.30-0.82,0.55-1. 63 mg ·g~(-1),respectively. The difference of C concentrations was not different among organs. The concentrations of N and P in leaf and root were higher than other organs. The C concentration,C/N,and C/P in the evergreen broad-leaved forest and Q.aquifolioides forest were ranked as: trunks > roots > leaves > branches > barks,the N concentration presented in the order of leaves > roots > barks > branches >trunks,while the C/P of the other three forest types were ranked as: trunks > barks > branches > roots > leaves. The P concentration in the organs of the five forest types followed the order of leaves>roots>branches>barks>trunks. The N/P in the four types of forests were between 10 and 20,and that in the evergreen broad-leaved forest was less than 10,indicating that the growth of the evergreen broad-leaved forest was mainly limited by N and the other forest types were co-limited by N and P. The results of two-way ANOVAs showed that the C concentration and N/P varied among forest types,while the N and P concentrations,C/N and C/P varied among organs.
Exploring ecological stoichiometry of carbon( C),nitrogen( N) and phosphorus( P)in tree layer of forest is of great importance to understanding nutrient allocation and limitation status in the dominant layer of forest community. Different organs( leaf,branch,trunk,bark,and root) of five typical forests( Pinus yunnanensis forest,Pinus armandii forest,evergreen broadleaf forest,Quercus semicarpifolia forest,Keteleeria evelyniana forest) were sampled in subalpine area of central Yunnan. The concentrations of C,N and P were measured and C ∶ N ∶ P stoichiometry were analyzed. The results showed that the ranges of C concentrations in the leaves,branches,trunks,barks and roots of five forest types were 482.40-576.03,472.50-566.47,462.67-512.30,465.10-542.30,478.67-566.47 mg·g~(-1),N concentrations 11.30-25.42,4.20-7.47,3.49-8.30,6.18-9.71,6.08-10.64 mg·g~(-1),and P concentrations 0.84-2.36,0.42-1.02,0.25-0.81,0.30-0.82,0.55-1. 63 mg ·g~(-1),respectively. The difference of C concentrations was not different among organs. The concentrations of N and P in leaf and root were higher than other organs. The C concentration,C/N,and C/P in the evergreen broad-leaved forest and Q.aquifolioides forest were ranked as: trunks > roots > leaves > branches > barks,the N concentration presented in the order of leaves > roots > barks > branches >trunks,while the C/P of the other three forest types were ranked as: trunks > barks > branches > roots > leaves. The P concentration in the organs of the five forest types followed the order of leaves>roots>branches>barks>trunks. The N/P in the four types of forests were between 10 and 20,and that in the evergreen broad-leaved forest was less than 10,indicating that the growth of the evergreen broad-leaved forest was mainly limited by N and the other forest types were co-limited by N and P. The results of two-way ANOVAs showed that the C concentration and N/P varied among forest types,while the N and P concentrations,C/N and C/P varied among organs.
引文
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洪江涛,吴建波,王小丹.2013.全球气候变化对陆地植物碳氮磷生态化学计量学特征的影响.应用生态学报,24(9):2658-2665.
黄建军,王希华.2003.浙江天童32种常绿阔叶树叶片的营养及结构特征.华东师范大学学报:自然科学版,(1):92-97.
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李单凤,于顺利,王国勋,等.2015.黄土高原优势灌丛营养器官化学计量特征的环境分异和机制.植物生态学报,39(5):453-465.
李红林,贡璐,洪毅.2016.克里雅绿洲旱生芦苇根茎叶C、N、P化学计量特征的季节变化.生态学报,36(20):6547-6555.
李婷婷,陆远昌,张显强,等.2014.经营的马尾松森林类型发育演替阶段量化指标研究.北京林业大学学报,36(3):9-17.
栗忠飞,郭盘江,刘文胜,等.2013.哀牢山常绿阔叶林幼树C、N、P生态化学计量特征.东北林业大学学报,41(4):22-26.
刘广路,范少辉,郭宝华,等.2016.不同年龄毛竹碳氮磷化学计量特征.热带作物学报,37(2):279-285.
刘万德,苏建荣,李帅峰,等.2015.云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林优势物种不同生长阶段叶片碳、氮、磷化学计量特征.植物生态学报,39(1):52-62.
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孙美美,关晋宏,岳军伟,等.2017.黄土高原西部针叶林植物器官与土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征.水土保持学报,31(3):202-208.
孙雪娇,常顺利,宋成程,等.2018.雪岭云杉不同器官N、P、K化学计量特征随生长阶段的变化.生态学杂志,37(5):1291-1298.
王宁,张有利,王百田,等.2015.山西省油松林生态系统碳氮磷化学计量特征.水土保持研究,22(1):72-79.
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王咪咪,胡慧蓉,张亚庆.2017.磨盘山4种植被类型的凋落物及其表层土壤C、N、P的化学计量特征.贵州农业科学,45(3):80-83.
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