基于垂向振动负效应的新型轮毂电机电动汽车平顺性影响
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摘要
为解决轮毂电机电动汽车非簧载质量过大导致的垂向振动负效应问题,提高车辆行驶平顺性和安全性能。以一种定子悬置的新型轮毂电机电动轮为研究对象,建立考虑吸振器效应的1/4车辆垂向动力学模型,研究定子质量转移构型对电动轮垂向振动特性及整车平顺性响应的影响;在此基础上,基于电动轮系统的振动传递路径特性,以电机定子和整车质心位置的加速度响应值为优化目标函数,通过Patternsearch理论方法对橡胶衬套的刚度和阻尼进行优化设计与分析。结果表明,该电动轮结构形式及参数优化设计能有效改善轮毂电机电动汽车行驶平顺性能,为新型电动轮结构及整车动力学特性进一步优化提供了参考。
In-wheel motor driving electric vehicle greatly increases unsprung mass,resulting in vertical vibration negative effect of vehicle. A new type of in-wheel motor electric vehicle wheel was studied to improve vehicle ride comfort and safety,which suspends the stator. The 1/4 vehicle vertical dynamic model was established,which takes the vibration absorption performance of the absorber into account. Meanwhile,the effects of stator mass on the vertical vibration of electric wheels and on the vehicle ride comfort was studied. Then the characteristics of different vibration transmission paths of electric vehicle wheel were analyzed. Finally,taking the in-wheel motor stator and the vehicle body centroid acceleration response values as the optimization objective function,the Patternsearch theoretical method was used to optimize the design and analysis of the stiffness and damping of the rubber bushing. The results show that the structure of the new electric vehicle wheel and the optimal design of parameters can effectively improve the ride comfort of in-wheel motor driving electric vehicle,Which provides a reference for the further study of the new type of electric wheel and optimization of the vehicle dynamic characteristics.
In-wheel motor driving electric vehicle greatly increases unsprung mass,resulting in vertical vibration negative effect of vehicle. A new type of in-wheel motor electric vehicle wheel was studied to improve vehicle ride comfort and safety,which suspends the stator. The 1/4 vehicle vertical dynamic model was established,which takes the vibration absorption performance of the absorber into account. Meanwhile,the effects of stator mass on the vertical vibration of electric wheels and on the vehicle ride comfort was studied. Then the characteristics of different vibration transmission paths of electric vehicle wheel were analyzed. Finally,taking the in-wheel motor stator and the vehicle body centroid acceleration response values as the optimization objective function,the Patternsearch theoretical method was used to optimize the design and analysis of the stiffness and damping of the rubber bushing. The results show that the structure of the new electric vehicle wheel and the optimal design of parameters can effectively improve the ride comfort of in-wheel motor driving electric vehicle,Which provides a reference for the further study of the new type of electric wheel and optimization of the vehicle dynamic characteristics.
引文
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12罗玉涛,谭迪.一种带新型内置悬置系统的电动轮结构研究[J].汽车工程,2013,35(12):1105-1110Luo Yutao,Tan Di.A research on the hub-motor driven wheel structure with a novel built-in mounting system[J].Automotive Engineering,2013,35(12):1105-1110
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14张义民,李鹤,闻邦椿.基于灵敏度的振动传递路径的参数贡献度分析[J].机械工程学报,2008,44(10):168-171Zhang Yimin,Li He,Wen Bangchun.Parameter contribution analysis of vibration transfer paths based on sensitivity[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(10):168-171
15赵薇.机械振动传递路径系统传递性的研究与应用[D].沈阳:东北大学,2012Zhao Wei.Research and application of transitivity in mechanical vibration transfer path systems[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2012
2 Li X H,Qian H.The present status and future trends of in-wheel motors for electric vehicles[J].Advanced Materials Research,2012,433-440:6943-6950
3鲁超,谭迪,刚宪约.轮毂电机驱动电动汽车耦合动力学特性参数灵敏度分析[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(28):78-87Lu Chao,Tan Di,Gang Xianyue.Parameter sensitivity analysis of coupling dynamics of in-wheel motor driving electric vehicle[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(28):78-87
4 Van S D J,Kamper M J.Effect of hub motor mass on stability and comfort of electric vehicles[C]//IEEE Vehicle Power&Propulsion Conference.New York:IEEE,2006
5何仁,张瑞军.轮毂电机驱动技术的研究与进展[J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,29(7):10-18He Ren,Zhang Ruijun.Research and development of in-wheel motor drive technology[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,29(7):10-18
6孙悦超,李曼,廖聪,等.电动汽车电机驱动发展分析[J].电气传动,2017,47(10):3-6Sun Yuechao,Li Man,Liao Cong,et al.Analysis of motor drive development in electric vehicles[J].Electric Drive,2017,47(10):3-6
7 Mellor P H,Allen T,Howe D.Hub-mounted electric drive-train for a high performance all-electric racing vehicle[C]//IEEE Colloquium on Machines and Drives for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles.London:IEEE,1996(Digest No:1996/152)
8 Profumo F,Zhang Z,Tenconi A.Axial flux machines drives:a new viable solution for electric cars[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,1997,44(1):39-45
9梁锐,余卓平,宁国宝.基于吸振原理的轮边驱动电动车垂向振动负效应的抑制[J].机械设计,2008,25(1):28-30Liang Rui,Yu Zhuoping,Ning Guobao.Suppression of vertical vibration negative effect of edge-driven electric vehicle based on vibration absorption principle[J].Journal of Machine Design,2008,25(1):28-30
10赵艳娥,张建武,韩旭.轮毂电机独立驱动电动汽车动力减振机构设计与研究[J].机械科学与技术,2008,27(3):395-398Zhao Yan’e,Zhang Jianwu,Han Xu.Design and study on the dynamic-damper mechanism for an in-wheel motor individual drive electric vehicle[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2008,27(3):395-398
11马英,邓兆祥,谢丹.电动轮车辆轮内主动减振系统设计与研究[J].系统仿真学报,2014,26(11):2770-2778Ma Ying,Deng Zhaoxiang,Xie Dan.Design and study of active suspension system on electric vehicles with in-wheel-motor[J].Journal of System Simulation,2014,26(11):2770-2778
12罗玉涛,谭迪.一种带新型内置悬置系统的电动轮结构研究[J].汽车工程,2013,35(12):1105-1110Luo Yutao,Tan Di.A research on the hub-motor driven wheel structure with a novel built-in mounting system[J].Automotive Engineering,2013,35(12):1105-1110
13杨蔚华,李友荣,方子帆,等.新型轮边驱动电动车平顺性仿真分析[J].计算机仿真,2015,32(3):177-182Yang Weihua,Li Yourong,Fang Zifan,et al.Ride comfort simulation analysis of new type motorized wheel driven electric vehicle[J].Computer Simulation,2015,32(3):177-182
14张义民,李鹤,闻邦椿.基于灵敏度的振动传递路径的参数贡献度分析[J].机械工程学报,2008,44(10):168-171Zhang Yimin,Li He,Wen Bangchun.Parameter contribution analysis of vibration transfer paths based on sensitivity[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(10):168-171
15赵薇.机械振动传递路径系统传递性的研究与应用[D].沈阳:东北大学,2012Zhao Wei.Research and application of transitivity in mechanical vibration transfer path systems[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2012