预氧化过程中PAN基高强中模型纤维微晶结构分析及力学性能研究
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摘要
以国产聚丙烯腈基高强中模型原丝为研究对象,采用广角X射线衍射仪和万能材料试验机,考察了其在预氧化过程中微晶结构演变规律以及所制碳纤维的结构和性能。结果表明:随着预氧化温度的升高,预氧化纤维的微晶尺寸先增大再减小;在210℃条件下,纤维微晶长度由5.50nm增大至7.60nm,增加了38.2%;当温度达到260℃时,纤维微晶长度降至2.60nm,降低了52.7%。预氧化纤维芳构化指数由210℃时的22.1%提高至260℃时的67.2%,提高了2.4倍。所得碳纤维的微晶堆砌尺寸和微晶长度分别为2.5nm和3.1nm,微晶层间距为0.3487nm,孔含量为15.85%(体积分数),拉伸强度为5.75GPa,拉伸模量为294GPa。
Polyacrylonitrile(PAN)based fiber with high strength and middle modulus was studied.Microcrystalline structure transformation during preoxidation,the structure and properties of carbon fiber were investigated by universal material testing machine and wide angle X-ray diffraction(WXRD).It was found that crystallite size increased first and then decreased with increasing of preoxidation temperature.Under 210℃,the crystallite size increased from 5.50 nm to 7.60 nm,increased by 38.2%.When the temperature reached 260℃,the crystallite size reduced to 2.60 nm,was reduced by 52.7%.Aromatization index(AI)rose from 22.1% at 210℃ to67.2% at 260℃,increased by 2.4 times.The crystallite size of Lcand Laof carbon fiber were 3.1 nm and 2.5 nm,microcrystalline d002 layer spacing 0.3487 nm,hole content 15.85%,the tensile strength 5.75 GPa,tensile modulus294 GPa.
Polyacrylonitrile(PAN)based fiber with high strength and middle modulus was studied.Microcrystalline structure transformation during preoxidation,the structure and properties of carbon fiber were investigated by universal material testing machine and wide angle X-ray diffraction(WXRD).It was found that crystallite size increased first and then decreased with increasing of preoxidation temperature.Under 210℃,the crystallite size increased from 5.50 nm to 7.60 nm,increased by 38.2%.When the temperature reached 260℃,the crystallite size reduced to 2.60 nm,was reduced by 52.7%.Aromatization index(AI)rose from 22.1% at 210℃ to67.2% at 260℃,increased by 2.4 times.The crystallite size of Lcand Laof carbon fiber were 3.1 nm and 2.5 nm,microcrystalline d002 layer spacing 0.3487 nm,hole content 15.85%,the tensile strength 5.75 GPa,tensile modulus294 GPa.
引文
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[2]Dhakates R,Bahl O P.Effect of carbon fiber surface function groups on the mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites with HTT[J].Carbon,2003,41(7):1193-1203.
[3]Lanicin M,Marhic C.Tem study of carbon fiber reinforced A-luminium matrix composites:influence of brittle phase and interface on mechanical properties[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2002,20(10):1493-1503.
[4]李常清,肖阳,赵洪江,等.氧化结构对聚丙烯腈预氧纤维热稳定性的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(5):35-38.
[5]王梦梵,陈旺,苏世州,等.PAN纤维炭化过程中缺陷结构的温度效应[J].材料工程,2015,43(6):66-70.
[6]刘杰,牛鹏飞,薛岩,等.炭化气场压力对PAN基碳纤维聚集态结构和力学性能的关联性研究[J].复合材料学报,2015,30(S1):7-14.
[7]Tsehao Ko,Wenshyong Kuo,Chang Yinghuang.Raman study of the microstructure changes of phenolic resin during pyrolysis[J].Polymer Composites,2000,21(5):745-750.
[8]温月芳,郭建强,高忠民.不同PAN-CF的微晶及孔结构对比[J].新型炭材料,2009,2(17):153-158.
[9]Yu M J.A new method for the evaluation of stabilization index of polyacrylonitrile fibers[J].Materials Letters,2007,61(11/12):2292-2294.
[10]Sauder C,Lamon J,Pailler R.The tensile behavior of carbon fibers at high temperaturesup to 2400℃[J].Carbon,2004,42(4):715-725.
[11]井敏,王成国,朱波.PAN原丝热氧稳定化工艺与氧元素含量相关性研究[J].航空材料学报,2006,5(12):74-78.