煤矿机器人电气安全技术研究
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摘要
研究了煤矿机器人必须要解决的动力、蓄电池防爆及充电安全等问题,并提出解决方案。提出通过限制蓄电池容量,增加防止过充、过放、过载、过热等保护,可以将免维护铅酸蓄电池放置在隔爆外壳内,用于煤矿井下爆炸性环境。提出煤矿机器人蓄电池宜采用隔爆型防爆型式。提出采用隔爆型防爆型式的锂离子蓄电池,应限制隔爆外壳内蓄电池容量,并根据隔爆外壳内锂离子蓄电池容量,提高隔爆外壳的耐爆和不传爆性能。提出难以建设机器人专用充电硐室的矿井,可设置机器人充电舱;煤矿机器人充电舱宜采用钢材制成,设置在进风巷和机器人作业区域内;机器人充电舱内必须设置灭火器材和甲烷传感器。提出煤矿机器人蓄电池有线充电宜采用隔爆型充电装置;隔爆型充电装置和隔爆蓄电池,在对接、充电和分离状态均应保证形成独立的隔爆腔;在对接、充电和分离状态均有独立的安全闭锁机构,确保充电接口未可靠连接和充电隔爆腔未形成前,机器人及其充电装置的充电接口不带电。提出煤矿机器人蓄电池井下无线充电,会在周边金属物体上感生电动势,引爆电雷管,较高的感生电动势将会放电,会引起瓦斯爆炸和火灾;单点小功率、多点分散无线充电,不但要考核单一充电点的本质安全防爆性能,还要考核邻近多点的功率和能量叠加;提出不得将较大功率定向充电天线正对固定岗位操作工。
The problems of power,battery explosion-proof and charging safety that coal mine robots must solve are studied,and solutions are proposed. It is proposed that by limiting the battery capacity and increasing protection against overcharging,overdischarging,overloading,overheating,etc.,the maintenance-free lead-acid battery can be placed in an explosion-proof enclosure for using in an explosive environment in a coal mine. It is proposed that the coal mine robot battery should adopt the explosion-proof explosion-proof type. It is proposed to use a flame-proof type and explosion-proof type lithium ion battery,which should limit the battery capacity in the flameproof enclosure,and improve the explosion-proof and non-explosive performance of the flameproof enclosure according to the capacity of the lithium ion battery in the explosion-proof enclosure. It is proposed that it is difficult to build a mine dedicated charging chamber for the robot,and a robot charging compartment can be set; The charging cabin of coal mine robot should be made of steel and installed in the air inlet lane and the robot working area; Fire extinguishing equipment and methane sensor must be installed in the robot charging cabin. It is suggested that the explosion-proof charging device and the robot should be used for the wired charging of the coal mine robot battery; The independent explosion-proof chamber should be formed in the docking,charging and separating states; There is an independent safety locking mechanism in the docking,charging and separating states to ensure the charging. The charging interface of the robot and its charging device is not energized until the interface is not reliably connected and the charging explosion chamber is not formed.It is proposed that the underground charging of the coal mine robot battery will induce electromotive force on the surrounding metal objects,detonate the electric detonator,and the higher induced electromotive force will discharge,which will cause gas explosion and fire; single point low power,multipoint decentralized wireless charging,not only to assess the intrinsic safety and explosion-proof performance of a single charging point,but also to assess the power and energy superposition of adjacent multiple points; It is proposed that the larger power-oriented charging antenna should not be facing the fixed-position operator.
The problems of power,battery explosion-proof and charging safety that coal mine robots must solve are studied,and solutions are proposed. It is proposed that by limiting the battery capacity and increasing protection against overcharging,overdischarging,overloading,overheating,etc.,the maintenance-free lead-acid battery can be placed in an explosion-proof enclosure for using in an explosive environment in a coal mine. It is proposed that the coal mine robot battery should adopt the explosion-proof explosion-proof type. It is proposed to use a flame-proof type and explosion-proof type lithium ion battery,which should limit the battery capacity in the flameproof enclosure,and improve the explosion-proof and non-explosive performance of the flameproof enclosure according to the capacity of the lithium ion battery in the explosion-proof enclosure. It is proposed that it is difficult to build a mine dedicated charging chamber for the robot,and a robot charging compartment can be set; The charging cabin of coal mine robot should be made of steel and installed in the air inlet lane and the robot working area; Fire extinguishing equipment and methane sensor must be installed in the robot charging cabin. It is suggested that the explosion-proof charging device and the robot should be used for the wired charging of the coal mine robot battery; The independent explosion-proof chamber should be formed in the docking,charging and separating states; There is an independent safety locking mechanism in the docking,charging and separating states to ensure the charging. The charging interface of the robot and its charging device is not energized until the interface is not reliably connected and the charging explosion chamber is not formed.It is proposed that the underground charging of the coal mine robot battery will induce electromotive force on the surrounding metal objects,detonate the electric detonator,and the higher induced electromotive force will discharge,which will cause gas explosion and fire; single point low power,multipoint decentralized wireless charging,not only to assess the intrinsic safety and explosion-proof performance of a single charging point,but also to assess the power and energy superposition of adjacent multiple points; It is proposed that the larger power-oriented charging antenna should not be facing the fixed-position operator.
引文
[1]孙继平.互联网+煤矿监控与通信[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2016.
[2]孙继平,钱晓红.2004-2015年全国煤矿事故分析[J].工矿自动化,2016,42(11):1-5.SUN Jiping,QIAN Xiaohong.Analysis of national coal mine accidents from 2004 to 2015[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2016,42(11):1-5.
[3]孙继平,钱晓红.煤矿事故与应急救援技术装备[J].工矿自动化,2016,42(10):1-5.SUN Jiping,QIAN Xiaohong.Technical equipment for coal mine accident and emergency rescue[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2016,42(10):1-5.
[4]国家煤炭工业网.全国煤矿安全生产工作会议召开[EB/OL].[2019-01-21].http://www.coalchina.org.cn/detail/19/01/21/00000006/content.html path=19/01/21/00000006.
[5]孙继平.煤矿安全生产理念研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(2):313-316.SUN Jiping.Study on the concept of coal mine safety production[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(2):313-316.
[6]国家煤矿安全监察局.《煤矿机器人重点研发目录》[(2019)第1号][Z].北京:国家煤矿安全监察局,2019.
[7]孙继平.煤矿安全生产监控与通信技术[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(11):1925-1929.SUN Jiping.Safety production monitoring and communication technology in coal mines[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(11):1925-1929.
[8]孙继平,钱晓红.煤矿重特大事故应急救援技术及装备[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):112-116,153.SUN Jiping,QIAN Xiaohong.Emergency rescue technology and equipment of mine extra ordinary accidents[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(1):112-116,153.
[9]GB 3836.2-2010,爆炸性环境第2部分:由隔爆外壳“d”保护的设备[S].
[10]孙继平.煤矿安全监控系统[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2006.
[11]孙继平.煤矿电气安全关键技术研究[J].工矿自动化,2011,37(1):1-4.SUN Jiping.Research on key technologies of coal mine electrical safety[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2011,37(1):1-4.
[12]孙继平.《煤矿安全规程》电气部分修订意见[J].工矿自动化,2014,40(4):1-5.SUN Jiping.Revised opinions on the electrical part of“Safety Regulations for Coal Mines”[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2014,40(4):1-5.
[13]国家安全生产监督管理总局,国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿安全规程[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2016.
[14]孙继平.煤矿信息化自动化新技术与发展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):19-23,83.SUN Jiping.New technology and development of mine information automation[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):19-23,83.
[2]孙继平,钱晓红.2004-2015年全国煤矿事故分析[J].工矿自动化,2016,42(11):1-5.SUN Jiping,QIAN Xiaohong.Analysis of national coal mine accidents from 2004 to 2015[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2016,42(11):1-5.
[3]孙继平,钱晓红.煤矿事故与应急救援技术装备[J].工矿自动化,2016,42(10):1-5.SUN Jiping,QIAN Xiaohong.Technical equipment for coal mine accident and emergency rescue[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2016,42(10):1-5.
[4]国家煤炭工业网.全国煤矿安全生产工作会议召开[EB/OL].[2019-01-21].http://www.coalchina.org.cn/detail/19/01/21/00000006/content.html path=19/01/21/00000006.
[5]孙继平.煤矿安全生产理念研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(2):313-316.SUN Jiping.Study on the concept of coal mine safety production[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(2):313-316.
[6]国家煤矿安全监察局.《煤矿机器人重点研发目录》[(2019)第1号][Z].北京:国家煤矿安全监察局,2019.
[7]孙继平.煤矿安全生产监控与通信技术[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(11):1925-1929.SUN Jiping.Safety production monitoring and communication technology in coal mines[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(11):1925-1929.
[8]孙继平,钱晓红.煤矿重特大事故应急救援技术及装备[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):112-116,153.SUN Jiping,QIAN Xiaohong.Emergency rescue technology and equipment of mine extra ordinary accidents[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(1):112-116,153.
[9]GB 3836.2-2010,爆炸性环境第2部分:由隔爆外壳“d”保护的设备[S].
[10]孙继平.煤矿安全监控系统[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2006.
[11]孙继平.煤矿电气安全关键技术研究[J].工矿自动化,2011,37(1):1-4.SUN Jiping.Research on key technologies of coal mine electrical safety[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2011,37(1):1-4.
[12]孙继平.《煤矿安全规程》电气部分修订意见[J].工矿自动化,2014,40(4):1-5.SUN Jiping.Revised opinions on the electrical part of“Safety Regulations for Coal Mines”[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2014,40(4):1-5.
[13]国家安全生产监督管理总局,国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿安全规程[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2016.
[14]孙继平.煤矿信息化自动化新技术与发展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):19-23,83.SUN Jiping.New technology and development of mine information automation[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):19-23,83.