CEO诚信与中小企业成长:组织氛围和企业规模的效用研究
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摘要
中小企业是我国经济发展的重要推动力量,而CEO诚信则是促进中小企业成长,获取竞争优势的关键因素。以54位CEO和153位高管的配对数据为研究样本,运用层级回归和Bootstrappin方法,探索了CEO诚信影响企业绩效、企业声誉的机制路径,并考察了组织伦理氛围的中介作用和企业规模的调节作用。实证分析结果表明,中小企业CEO诚信对企业绩效和企业声誉具有显著的正向影响;工具型伦理氛围在CEO诚信和组织声誉的关系中起到部分中介作用,关怀型伦理氛围在CEO诚信和企业绩效的关系中起到完全中介作用;企业规模调节了CEO诚信和企业绩效间的关系。
Small and medium-sized enterprises are important driving force for China's economic development,and CEOs' authenticity are the key to promote the growth and gain competitive advantage of these enterprises.Based on the data of 54 CEOs and 153 top managements, this paper discussed the influence mechanism of CEOs' authenticity on firm growth, and analyzed the mediating and moderating effect of organizational ethical climate and firm size. The results showed that: CEOs' authenticity was positively related to firm performance and firm reputation, instrumental ethical climate partially mediated the relationship between CEOs' authenticity and firm reputation, caring ethical climate totally mediated the relationship between CEOs' authenticity and firm performance. We also found that firm size played a positive moderate role the positive relationship of CEOs' authenticity and firm performance.
Small and medium-sized enterprises are important driving force for China's economic development,and CEOs' authenticity are the key to promote the growth and gain competitive advantage of these enterprises.Based on the data of 54 CEOs and 153 top managements, this paper discussed the influence mechanism of CEOs' authenticity on firm growth, and analyzed the mediating and moderating effect of organizational ethical climate and firm size. The results showed that: CEOs' authenticity was positively related to firm performance and firm reputation, instrumental ethical climate partially mediated the relationship between CEOs' authenticity and firm reputation, caring ethical climate totally mediated the relationship between CEOs' authenticity and firm performance. We also found that firm size played a positive moderate role the positive relationship of CEOs' authenticity and firm performance.
引文
宝贡敏,徐碧祥.2007.国外企业声誉理论研究述评[J].科研管理(,3):98-107.
蒋丽芹,胥永倩,张迪.2018.伦理型领导、组织认同与知识型员工情感承诺的关系:伦理氛围的调节作用[J].工业技术经济,37(2):82-90.
鞠芳辉,谢子远,宝贡敏.2008.西方与本土:变革型、家长型领导行为对民营企业绩效影响的比较研究[J].管理世界(,5):85-101.
李建玲,刘善仕.2017.激发人心效力:本土组织伦理系统提升员工绩效的新视角:基于浙江zx公司的扎根研究[J].经济管理,39(9):100-115.
刘冰,齐蕾,徐璐.2017.棍棒之下出“孝子”吗?员工职场偏差行为研究[J].南开管理评论,20(3):182-192.
刘曜,干胜道.2011.企业成长:定义及测度[J].软科学,25(2):141-144.
莫申江,王重鸣.2012.基于行为认知视角的组织声誉研究前沿探析与展望[J].外国经济与管理,34(3):65-71.
石磊.2016.道德型领导与员工越轨行为关系的实证研究:一个中介调节作用机制[J].预测,35(2):23-28.
杨雪,顾新,王元地.2017.外部技术搜寻平衡对企业绩效影响的实证研究:企业规模的调节作用[J].科学学与科学技术管理,38(7):62-72.
Akben-Selcuk E.2016.Does firm age affect profitability?Evidence from Turkey[J].International Journal of Economic Sciences,5(3):1-9.
Boal K B,Hooijberg R.2000.Strategic leadership research:Moving on[J].Leadership Quarterly,11(4):515-549.
Carpenter M A,Geletkanycz M A,Sanders W G.2004.Upper echelons research revisited:Antecedents,elements,and consequences of top management team composition[J].Journal of Management,30(6):749-778.
Clapp-Smith R,Vogelgesang G R,Avey J B.2009.Authentic leadership and positive psychological capital:The mediating role of trust at the group level of analysis[J].Management Department Faculty Publications,15(3):227-240.
Coyne E E.2010.Reputation as Information:A Multilevel Approach to Reputation in Organizations[D].Columbus:The Ohio State University.
Demirtas O,Akdogan A A.2015.The effect of ethical leadership behavior on ethical climate,turnover intention,and affective commitment[J].Journal of Business Ethics,130(1):59-67.
Eisenbeib S A,Giessneri S R.2012.The emergence and maintenance of ethical leadership in organizations[J].Journal of Personnel Psychology,11(1):7-19.
Eisenbeiss S A,Van Knippenberg D,Fahrbach C M.2015.Doing well by doing good?Analyzing the relationship between CEO ethical leadership and firm performance[J].Journal of Business Ethics,128(3):635-651.
Eisenhardt K M,Schoonhoven C B.1990.Organizational growth:Linking founding team,strategy,environment,and growth among US semiconductor ventures,1978-1988[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,35(3):504-529.
Farooq O,Rupp D E,Farooq M.2017.The multiple pathways through which internal and external corporate social responsibility influence organizational identification and multifoci outcomes:The moderating role of cultural and social orientations[J].Academy of Management Journal,60(3):954-985.
García-Morales V J,Jiménez-Barrionuevo M M,Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez L.2012.Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation[J].Journal of Business Research,65(7):1040-1050.
Gardner W L,Avolio B J,Luthans F,et al.2005."Can you see the real me?"A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development[J].Leadership Quarterly,16(3):343-372.
George B.2010.True north:Discover Your Authentic Leadership[M].San Francisco:John Wiley&Sons.
Gray E R,Balmer J M T.1998.Managing corporate image and corporate reputation[J].Long Range Planning,31(5):695-702.
Hambrick D C.2007.Upper echelons theory:An update[J].Academy of Management,32(2):334-343.
Hambrick D C,Mason P A.1984.Upper echelons:The organization as a reflection of its top managers[J].Academy of Management Review,9(2):193-206.
Hannah S T,Walumbwa F O,Fry L W.2011.Leadership in action teams:Team leader and members'authenticity,authenticity strength,and team outcomes[J].Personnel Psychology,64(3):771-802.
Helm S.2005.Designing a formative measure for corporate reputation[J].Corporate Reputation Review,8(2):95-109.
Hmieleski K M,Cole M S,Baron R A.2012.Shared authentic leadership and new venture performance[J].Journal of Management,38(5):1476-1499.
Lange D,Lee P M,Dai Y.2011.Organizational reputation:A review[J].Journal of Management,37(1):153-184.
Lawrence T B,Maitlis S.2012.Care and possibility:Enacting an ethic of care through narrative practice[J].Academy of Management Review,37(4):641-663.
Love E G,Lim J,Bednar M K.2017.The face of the firm:The influence of CEOs on corporate reputation[J].Academy of Management Journal,60(4):1462-1481.
Luo Y.2006.Political behavior,social responsibility,and perceived corruption:A structuration perspective[J].Journal of International Business Studies,37(6):747-766.
Luthans F,Avolio B J.2003.Authentic leadership:A positive development approach//Cameron K S,Dutton J E,Quinn RE.Positive Organizational Scholarship:Foundations of a New Discipline[M].San Francisco:Berrett-Koehler.
Lyubovnikova J,Legood A,Turner N,et al.2017.How authentic leadership influences team performance:The mediating role of team reflexivity[J].Journal of Business Ethics,141(1):59-70.
May D R,Chan A,Hodges T D,et al.2003.Developing the moral component of authentic leadership[J].Organizational Dynamics,32(3):247-260.
Mayer D M,Kuenzi M,Greenbaum R L.2010.Examining the link between ethical leadership and employee misconduct:The mediating role of ethical climate[J].Journal of Business Ethics,95(S1):7-16.
Mishina Y,Pollock T G,Porac J F.2004.Are more resources always better for growth?Resource stickiness in market and product expansion[J].Strategic Management Journal,25(12):1179-1197.
Ogunfowora B.2014.The impact of ethical leadership within the recruitment context:The roles of organizational reputation,applicant personality,and value congruence[J].Leadership Quarterly,25(3):528-543.
Ozcelik H,Langton N,Aldrich H.2008.Doing well and doing good:The relationship between leadership practices that facilitate a positive emotional climate and organizational performance[J].Journal of Managerial Psychology,23(2):186-203.
Vardaman J M,Gondo M B,Allen D G.2014.Ethical climate and pro-social rule breaking in the workplace[J].Human Resource Management Review,24(1):108-118.
Victor B,Cullen J B.1988.The organizational bases of ethical work climates[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,33(1):101-125.
Walumbwa F O,Avolio B J,Gardner W L,et al.2008.Authentic leadership:Development and validation of a theory-based measure[J].Journal of Management,34(1):89-126.
Wimbush J C,Shepard J M.1994.Toward an understanding of ethical climate:Its relationship to ethical behavior and supervisory influence[J].Journal of Business Ethics,13(8):637-647.
Wong C A,Laschinger H K.2013.Authentic leadership,performance,and job satisfaction:The mediating role of empowerment[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,69(4):947-959.
蒋丽芹,胥永倩,张迪.2018.伦理型领导、组织认同与知识型员工情感承诺的关系:伦理氛围的调节作用[J].工业技术经济,37(2):82-90.
鞠芳辉,谢子远,宝贡敏.2008.西方与本土:变革型、家长型领导行为对民营企业绩效影响的比较研究[J].管理世界(,5):85-101.
李建玲,刘善仕.2017.激发人心效力:本土组织伦理系统提升员工绩效的新视角:基于浙江zx公司的扎根研究[J].经济管理,39(9):100-115.
刘冰,齐蕾,徐璐.2017.棍棒之下出“孝子”吗?员工职场偏差行为研究[J].南开管理评论,20(3):182-192.
刘曜,干胜道.2011.企业成长:定义及测度[J].软科学,25(2):141-144.
莫申江,王重鸣.2012.基于行为认知视角的组织声誉研究前沿探析与展望[J].外国经济与管理,34(3):65-71.
石磊.2016.道德型领导与员工越轨行为关系的实证研究:一个中介调节作用机制[J].预测,35(2):23-28.
杨雪,顾新,王元地.2017.外部技术搜寻平衡对企业绩效影响的实证研究:企业规模的调节作用[J].科学学与科学技术管理,38(7):62-72.
Akben-Selcuk E.2016.Does firm age affect profitability?Evidence from Turkey[J].International Journal of Economic Sciences,5(3):1-9.
Boal K B,Hooijberg R.2000.Strategic leadership research:Moving on[J].Leadership Quarterly,11(4):515-549.
Carpenter M A,Geletkanycz M A,Sanders W G.2004.Upper echelons research revisited:Antecedents,elements,and consequences of top management team composition[J].Journal of Management,30(6):749-778.
Clapp-Smith R,Vogelgesang G R,Avey J B.2009.Authentic leadership and positive psychological capital:The mediating role of trust at the group level of analysis[J].Management Department Faculty Publications,15(3):227-240.
Coyne E E.2010.Reputation as Information:A Multilevel Approach to Reputation in Organizations[D].Columbus:The Ohio State University.
Demirtas O,Akdogan A A.2015.The effect of ethical leadership behavior on ethical climate,turnover intention,and affective commitment[J].Journal of Business Ethics,130(1):59-67.
Eisenbeib S A,Giessneri S R.2012.The emergence and maintenance of ethical leadership in organizations[J].Journal of Personnel Psychology,11(1):7-19.
Eisenbeiss S A,Van Knippenberg D,Fahrbach C M.2015.Doing well by doing good?Analyzing the relationship between CEO ethical leadership and firm performance[J].Journal of Business Ethics,128(3):635-651.
Eisenhardt K M,Schoonhoven C B.1990.Organizational growth:Linking founding team,strategy,environment,and growth among US semiconductor ventures,1978-1988[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,35(3):504-529.
Farooq O,Rupp D E,Farooq M.2017.The multiple pathways through which internal and external corporate social responsibility influence organizational identification and multifoci outcomes:The moderating role of cultural and social orientations[J].Academy of Management Journal,60(3):954-985.
García-Morales V J,Jiménez-Barrionuevo M M,Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez L.2012.Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation[J].Journal of Business Research,65(7):1040-1050.
Gardner W L,Avolio B J,Luthans F,et al.2005."Can you see the real me?"A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development[J].Leadership Quarterly,16(3):343-372.
George B.2010.True north:Discover Your Authentic Leadership[M].San Francisco:John Wiley&Sons.
Gray E R,Balmer J M T.1998.Managing corporate image and corporate reputation[J].Long Range Planning,31(5):695-702.
Hambrick D C.2007.Upper echelons theory:An update[J].Academy of Management,32(2):334-343.
Hambrick D C,Mason P A.1984.Upper echelons:The organization as a reflection of its top managers[J].Academy of Management Review,9(2):193-206.
Hannah S T,Walumbwa F O,Fry L W.2011.Leadership in action teams:Team leader and members'authenticity,authenticity strength,and team outcomes[J].Personnel Psychology,64(3):771-802.
Helm S.2005.Designing a formative measure for corporate reputation[J].Corporate Reputation Review,8(2):95-109.
Hmieleski K M,Cole M S,Baron R A.2012.Shared authentic leadership and new venture performance[J].Journal of Management,38(5):1476-1499.
Lange D,Lee P M,Dai Y.2011.Organizational reputation:A review[J].Journal of Management,37(1):153-184.
Lawrence T B,Maitlis S.2012.Care and possibility:Enacting an ethic of care through narrative practice[J].Academy of Management Review,37(4):641-663.
Love E G,Lim J,Bednar M K.2017.The face of the firm:The influence of CEOs on corporate reputation[J].Academy of Management Journal,60(4):1462-1481.
Luo Y.2006.Political behavior,social responsibility,and perceived corruption:A structuration perspective[J].Journal of International Business Studies,37(6):747-766.
Luthans F,Avolio B J.2003.Authentic leadership:A positive development approach//Cameron K S,Dutton J E,Quinn RE.Positive Organizational Scholarship:Foundations of a New Discipline[M].San Francisco:Berrett-Koehler.
Lyubovnikova J,Legood A,Turner N,et al.2017.How authentic leadership influences team performance:The mediating role of team reflexivity[J].Journal of Business Ethics,141(1):59-70.
May D R,Chan A,Hodges T D,et al.2003.Developing the moral component of authentic leadership[J].Organizational Dynamics,32(3):247-260.
Mayer D M,Kuenzi M,Greenbaum R L.2010.Examining the link between ethical leadership and employee misconduct:The mediating role of ethical climate[J].Journal of Business Ethics,95(S1):7-16.
Mishina Y,Pollock T G,Porac J F.2004.Are more resources always better for growth?Resource stickiness in market and product expansion[J].Strategic Management Journal,25(12):1179-1197.
Ogunfowora B.2014.The impact of ethical leadership within the recruitment context:The roles of organizational reputation,applicant personality,and value congruence[J].Leadership Quarterly,25(3):528-543.
Ozcelik H,Langton N,Aldrich H.2008.Doing well and doing good:The relationship between leadership practices that facilitate a positive emotional climate and organizational performance[J].Journal of Managerial Psychology,23(2):186-203.
Vardaman J M,Gondo M B,Allen D G.2014.Ethical climate and pro-social rule breaking in the workplace[J].Human Resource Management Review,24(1):108-118.
Victor B,Cullen J B.1988.The organizational bases of ethical work climates[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,33(1):101-125.
Walumbwa F O,Avolio B J,Gardner W L,et al.2008.Authentic leadership:Development and validation of a theory-based measure[J].Journal of Management,34(1):89-126.
Wimbush J C,Shepard J M.1994.Toward an understanding of ethical climate:Its relationship to ethical behavior and supervisory influence[J].Journal of Business Ethics,13(8):637-647.
Wong C A,Laschinger H K.2013.Authentic leadership,performance,and job satisfaction:The mediating role of empowerment[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,69(4):947-959.