长链非编码RNA在宫颈癌中的研究进展
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摘要
宫颈癌的发生和发展是一个复杂的病理过程,除了人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染外,癌基因的激活和抑制基因的失活也在癌症过程中发挥了重要作用。长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)是长度大于200个核苷酸、不能编码蛋白质的长RNA转录物。一些lncRNA在肿瘤中表达异常,可作为癌基因或抑癌基因参与细胞通路调控,并与肿瘤发生、发展及转移密切相关。越来越多的证据表明,一些lncRNA在宫颈癌细胞中表达异常,可通过多种途经调控宫颈癌细胞的增殖、迁移与凋亡,并且与肿瘤的大小、血管生成、晚期FIGO分期、淋巴结转移和不良预后密切相关,是宫颈癌诊断与预后的重要指标和潜在治疗靶点。
The occurrence and development of cervical cancer is a complex pathological process. In addition to HPV infection,oncogene activation and inactivation of suppressor genes play an important role in the cancer process. LncRNAs are long RNA transcripts,which are longer than 200 nucleotides and are unable to encode proteins. Some lncRNAs are abnormally expressed in tumors and can be involved in the cellular pathways regulation as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes,and are closely related to its development and metastasis. There are growing evidences that some lncRNAs are abnormally expressed in cervical cancer cells,and there are various ways to regulate their proliferation,migration and apoptosis. LncRNAs are closely related to tumor size,angiogenesis,FIGO late stage,lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis of cervical cancer. They are important indicators for diagnosis and prognosis,and also are potential therapeutic targets.
The occurrence and development of cervical cancer is a complex pathological process. In addition to HPV infection,oncogene activation and inactivation of suppressor genes play an important role in the cancer process. LncRNAs are long RNA transcripts,which are longer than 200 nucleotides and are unable to encode proteins. Some lncRNAs are abnormally expressed in tumors and can be involved in the cellular pathways regulation as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes,and are closely related to its development and metastasis. There are growing evidences that some lncRNAs are abnormally expressed in cervical cancer cells,and there are various ways to regulate their proliferation,migration and apoptosis. LncRNAs are closely related to tumor size,angiogenesis,FIGO late stage,lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis of cervical cancer. They are important indicators for diagnosis and prognosis,and also are potential therapeutic targets.
引文
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[2]World Health Organization.Human papillomavirus(HPV)and cervical cancer.[EB/OL].[2018-07-23].http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs380/en/
[3]Tsu V,Jeronimo J.Saving the world's women from cervical cancer[J].N Engl J Med,2016,374(26):2509-2511
[4]Chen W,Zheng R,Baade PD,et al.Cancer statistics in China,2015[J].CA Cancer J Clin,2016,66(2):115-132
[5]Crosbie EJ,Einstein MH,Franceschi S,et al.Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer[J].Lancet,2013,382(9895):889-899
[6]Cancer Genome Atlas Research N,Albert Einstein College of M,Analytical Biological S,et al.Integrated genomic and molecular characterization of cervical cancer[J].Nature,2017,543(7645):378-384
[7]Park S,Eom K,Kim J,et al.MiR-9,miR-21,and miR-155 as potential biomarkers for HPV positive and negative cervical cancer[J].BMC Cancer,2017,17(1):658
[8]Ahmad A,Raish M,Shahid M,et al.The synergic effect of HPV infection and epigenetic anomaly of the p16 gene in the development of cervical cancer[J].Cancer Biomark,2017,19(4):375-381
[9]Kung JTY,Colognori D,Lee JT.Long noncoding RNAs:past,present,and future[J].Genetics,2013,193(3):651-669
[10]Consortium EP,Birney E,Stamatoyannopoulos JA,et al.Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1%of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project[J].Nature,2007,447(7146):799-816
[11]Tian H,Zhou C,Yang J,et al.Long and short noncoding RNAs in lung cancer precision medicine:Opportunities and challenges[J].Tumour Biol,2017,39(4):1010428317697578
[12]Liz J,Esteller M.lncRNAs and microRNAs with a role in cancer development[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2016,1859(1):169-176
[13]Quinn JJ,Chang HY.Unique features of long non-coding RNA biogenesis and function[J].Nat Rev Genet,2016,17(1):47-62
[14]Park JS,Choi JY,Moon SH,et al.Response evaluation after neoadjuvant chemoradiation by positron emission tomography-computed tomography for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma[J].Cancer Res Treat,2013,45(1):22-30
[15]Jalali S,Kapoor S,Sivadas A,et al.Computational approaches towards understanding human long non-coding RNA biology[J].Bioinformatics,2015,31(14):2241-2251
[16]Schmitt AM,Chang HY.Long noncoding RNAs in cancer pathways[J].Cancer Cell,2016,29(4):452-463
[17]Gao YF,Wang ZB,Zhu T,et al.A critical overview of long non-coding RNA in glioma etiology 2016:an update[J].Tumour Biol,2016,37(11):14403-14413
[18]Rinn JL,Chang HY.Genome regulation by long noncoding RNAs[J].Annu Rev Biochem,2012,81(2):145-166
[19]Cheetham SW,Gruhl F,Mattick JS,et al.Long noncoding RNAs and the genetics of cancer[J].Br J Cancer,2013,108(12):2419-2425
[20]Morlando M,Ballarino M,Fatica A.Long non-coding RNAs:New players in hematopoiesis and leukemia[J].Front Med(Lausanne),2015,2(1):23
[21]Moody CA,Laimins LA.Human papillomavirus oncoproteins:pathways to transformation[J].Nat Rev Cancer,2010,10(8):550-560
[22]Yang L,Yi K,Wang H,et al.Comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs microarray profile and mRNA-lncRNA co-expression in oncogenic HPV-positive cervical cancer cell lines[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(31):49917-49929
[23]Sharma S,Mandal P,Sadhukhan T,et al.Bridging links between long noncoding RNA HOTAIR and HPV oncoprotein E7 in cervical cancer pathogenesis[J].Sci Rep,2015,5:11724
[24]Jiang Y,Li Y,Fang S,et al.The role of MALAT1 correlates with HPV in cervical cancer[J].Oncol Lett,2014,7(6):2135-2141
[25]Hoppe-Seyler F,Hoppe-Seyler K.Emerging topics in human tumor virology[J].Int J Cancer,2011,129(6):1289-1299
[26]Gibb EA,Becker-Santos DD,Enfield KS,et al.Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia[J].Int J Gynecol Cancer,2012,22(9):1557-1563
[27]Benetatos L,Vartholomatos G,Hatzimichael E.MEG3 imprinted gene contribution in tumorigenesis[J].Int J Cancer,2011,129(4):773-779
[28]Zhang CY,Yu MS,Li X,et al.Overexpression of long noncoding RNA MEG3 suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation,invasion,and angiogenesis through AKT pathway[J].Tumour Biol,2017,39(6):1010428317701311
[29]Wang X,Wang Z,Wang J,et al.LncRNA MEG3 has antiactivity effects of cervical cancer[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2017,94:636-643
[30]Zhang J,Yao T,Wang Y,et al.Long noncoding RNAMEG3 is downregulated in cervical cancer and affects cell proliferation and apoptosis by regulating miR-21[J].Cancer Biol Ther,2016,17(1):104-113
[31]Zhang J,Yao T,Lin Z,et al.Aberrant methylation of MEG3 functions as a potential plasma-based biomarker for cervical cancer[J].Sci Rep,2017,7(1):6271
[32]Tani H,Torimura M,Akimitsu N.The RNA degradation pathway regulates the function of GAS5 a non-coding RNA in mammalian cells[J].PLoS One,2013,8(1):e55684
[33]Nakamura Y,Takahashi N,Kakegawa E,et al.The GAS5(growth arrest-specific transcript 5)gene fuses to BCL6as a result of t(1;3)(q25;q27)in a patient with B-cell lymphoma[J].Cancer Genet Cytogenet,2008,182(2):144-149
[34]Yu X,Li Z.Long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 in tumor biology[J].Oncol Lett,2015,10(4):1953-1958
[35]Smith CM,Steitz JA.Classification of gas5 as a multismall-nucleolar-RNA(snoRNA)host gene and a member of the 5′-terminal oligopyrimidine gene family reveals common features of snoRNA host genes[J].Mol Cell Biol,1998,18(12):6897-6909
[36]Mourtada-Maarabouni M,Pickard MR,Hedge VL,et al.GAS5,a non-protein-coding RNA,controls apoptosis and is downregulated in breast cancer[J].Oncogene,2009,28(2):195-208
[37]Cao S,Liu W,Li F,et al.Decreased expression of lncRNA GAS5 predicts a poor prognosis in cervical cancer[J].Int J Clin Exp Pathol,2014,7(10):6776-6783
[38]Wen Q,Liu Y,Lyu H,et al.Long noncoding RNA GAS5,which acts as a tumor suppressor via microRNA 21,regulates cisplatin resistance expression in cervical cancer[J].Int J Gynecol Cancer,2017,27(6):1096-1108
[39]Rinn JL,Kertesz M,Wang JK,et al.Functional demarcation of active and silent chromatin domains in human HOX loci by noncoding RNAs[J].Cell,2007,129(7):1311-1323
[40]Luo ZF,Zhao D,Li XQ,et al.Clinical significance of HO-TAIR expression in colon cancer[J].World J Gastroenterol,2016,22(22):5254-5259
[41]Liu W,Yin NC,Liu H,et al.Cav-1 promote lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion through lncRNA HOTAIR[J].Gene,2018,641:335-340
[42]Xia M,Yao L,Zhang Q,et al.Long noncoding RNA HO-TAIR promotes metastasis of renal cell carcinoma by upregulating histone H3K27 demethylase JMJD3[J].Oncotarget,2017,8(12):19795-19802
[43]Fu WM,Lu YF,Hu BG,et al.Long noncoding RNA HO-TAIR mediated angiogenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by direct and indirect signaling pathways[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(4):4712-4723
[44]Kim HJ,Lee DW,Yim GW,et al.Long non-coding RNAHOTAIR is associated with human cervical cancer progression[J].Int J Oncol,2015,46(2):521-530
[45]Jing L,Yuan W,Ruofan D,et al.HOTAIR enhanced aggressive biological behaviors and induced radio-resistance via inhibiting p21 in cervical cancer[J].Tumour Biol,2015,36(5):3611-3619
[46]Gao D,Lv AE,Li HP,et al.LncRNA MALAT-1 elevates HMGB1 to promote autophagy resulting in inhibition of tumor cell apoptosis in multiple myeloma[J].J Cell Biochem,2017,118(10):3341-3348
[47]Chen S,Ma P,Zhao Y,et al.Biological function and mechanism of MALAT-1 in renal cell carcinoma proliferation and apoptosis:role of the MALAT-1-Livin protein interaction[J].J Physiol Sci,2017,67(5):577-585
[48]Fang Z,Zhang S,Wang Y,et al.Long non-coding RNAMALAT-1 modulates metastatic potential of tongue squamous cell carcinomas partially through the regulation of small proline rich proteins[J].BMC Cancer,2016,16:706
[49]Li Y,Wu Z,Yuan J,et al.Long non-coding RNAMALAT1 promotes gastric cancer tumorigenicity and metastasis by regulating vasculogenic mimicry and angiogenesis[J].Cancer Lett,2017,395(1):31-44
[50]Liu S,Song L,Zeng S,et al.MALAT1-miR-124-RBG2 axis is involved in growth and invasion of HR-HPV-positive cervical cancer cells[J].Tumour Biol,2016,37(1):633-640
[51]Zhu P,Wang FQ,Li QR.Correlation study between long non-coding RNA MALAT1 and radiotherapy efficiency on cervical carcinoma and generation of radiotherapy resistant model of cancer[J].Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci,2018,22(16):5140-5148
[52]Brannan CI,Dees EC,Ingram RS,et al.The product of the H19 gene may function as an RNA[J].Mol Cell Biol,1990,10(1):28-36
[53]Jia P,Cai H,Liu X,et al.Long non-coding RNA H19 regulates glioma angiogenesis and the biological behavior of glioma-associated endothelial cells by inhibiting microR-NA-29a[J].Cancer Lett,2016,381(2):359-369
[54]Zhou J,Yang L,Zhong T,et al.H19 lncRNA alters DNAmethylation genome wide by regulating S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase[J].Nat Commun,2015,6:10221
[55]Iempridee T.Long non-coding RNA H19 enhances cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of cervical cancer cell lines[J].Exp Biol Med(Maywood),2017,242(2):184-193
[56]Lowe SW,Sherr CJ.Tumor suppression by Ink4a-Arf:progress and puzzles[J].Curr Opin Genet Dev,2003,13(1):77-83
[57]Aguilo F,Zhou MM,Walsh MJ.Long noncoding RNA,polycomb,and the ghosts haunting INK4b-ARF-INK4a expression[J].Cancer Res,2011,71(16):5365-5369
[58]Naemura M,Tsunoda T,Inoue Y,et al.ANRIL regulates the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells in both two-and three-dimensional culture[J].Mol Cell Biochem,2016,412(1-2):141-146
[59]Zhang D,Sun G,Zhang H,et al.Long non-coding RNAANRIL indicates a poor prognosis of cervical cancer and promotes carcinogenesis via PI3K/Akt pathways[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2017,85:511-516
[60]Huo H,Tian J,Wang R,et al.Long non-coding RNANORAD upregulate SIP1 expression to promote cell proliferation and invasion in cervical cancer[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2018,106:1454-1460
[61]Kim HJ,Kim LK,Lee SH,et al.Expression levels of the long noncoding RNA steroid receptor activator promote cell proliferation and invasion and predict patient prognosis in human cervical cancer[J].Oncol Lett,2018,16(4):5410-5418
[62]Wang HL,Hou SY,Li HB,et al.Biological function and mechanism of long noncoding RNAs nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 in development of cervical cancer[J].Chin Med J(Engl),2018,131(17):2063-2070
[63]Rui X,Xu Y,Huang Y,et al.lncRNA DLG1-AS1 promotes cell proliferation by competitively binding with miR-107 and up-regulating ZHX1 expression in cervical cancer[J].Cell Physiol Biochem,2018,49(5):1792-1803
[64]Sun Z,Yang S,Zhou Q,et al.Emerging role of exosomederived long non-coding RNAs in tumor microenvironment[J].Mol Cancer,2018,17(1):82
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