辣木扦插繁殖技术
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摘要
辣木营养丰富,市场潜力大,种植面积在不断扩大。研究辣木扦插繁殖技术能大幅度提高辣木的育苗效率。通过田间观测,主要研究辣木扦插环境、抑芽剂控梢促根效果及辣木扦插生根特点等。结果表明,辣木在扦插过程中受白蚁的危害较大,需通过隔离的方式才能有效控制;辣木的成枝力很强,插穗插后约一周就能抽芽长梢,涂抹200倍的抑芽剂能明显抑制枝梢的生长,促进辣木插穗生根;通过观察发现,辣木的扦插生根为皮部生根类型。
Moringa ol eifera has considerable potential for market development given its high nutrient content. Considering the continuous expansion of planting area under M. oleifera, cutting could improve the propagation efficiency of M. oleifera for seedling raising. The optimal cutting environment, the effect of bud suppressants on the suppression of shoot growth and facilitation of rooting, and the characteristics of rooting were observed in the field. Results showed that the cuttings were severely infested by termites.Cuttings must be isolated to avoid termite infestation and damage. The cuttings of M. oleifera sprouted after cutting about a week. Application of bud suppressants diluted at a ratio of 1∶200 clearly controlled the shoot growth but promoted the rooting of cuttings. In addition the cuttings of M. oleifera were observed to root from the bark.
Moringa ol eifera has considerable potential for market development given its high nutrient content. Considering the continuous expansion of planting area under M. oleifera, cutting could improve the propagation efficiency of M. oleifera for seedling raising. The optimal cutting environment, the effect of bud suppressants on the suppression of shoot growth and facilitation of rooting, and the characteristics of rooting were observed in the field. Results showed that the cuttings were severely infested by termites.Cuttings must be isolated to avoid termite infestation and damage. The cuttings of M. oleifera sprouted after cutting about a week. Application of bud suppressants diluted at a ratio of 1∶200 clearly controlled the shoot growth but promoted the rooting of cuttings. In addition the cuttings of M. oleifera were observed to root from the bark.
引文
[1] Mittal M, Mittal P, Agarwal A. Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical investigation of antidiabe tic activity of Moringa oleifera lam leaf[J]. The Indian pharmacist, 2007, 6(59):70-72.
[2] Aney J S, Rashmi T, Maushumi K, et al. Pharmacological and pharmaceutical potential of Morin ga oleifera:a review[J]. Journal of Pharmacy Research,2009, 2(9):1 424-1 426.
[3] Lalas S, Tsaknis J. Extraction and identification of natural antioxidant from the seeds of the Moringa oleifera tree variety of Malawi[J]. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 2002, 7(7):677-683.
[4] Vlahov G, Kiprono Chepkwony P, Ndalut P K. 13C NMR char-acterization of triacylglycerols of Moringa oleifera seed oil:An “oleic vaccenicacid” oil[J]. AGRIC Food Chem, 2002, 50(5):970-975.
[5]周丹蓉,孙凯慧,叶新福,等.辣木叶黄酮苷的分离鉴定及抗氧化活性研究[J].热带作物学报, 2018, 39(3):455-458.
[6]叶伟剑,黄晓君,范春林,等.辣木叶中2个新的黄酮苷[J].中国中药杂志, 2018, 43(15):3 150-3 156.
[7]刘凤霞,王苗苗,赵有为,等.辣木中功能性成分提取及产品开发的研究进展[J].食品科学, 2015, 36(19):282-286.
[8] Muhamman M A, Mohammed S G. Effects of aqueous extract of moringa(Moringa oleifera Lam.)and nitrogen rates on the contribution of some physiological and yield attributes to grain yield of sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)II[J]. Scientific Papers-Series A, Agronomy,2014, 57:272-275.
[9] Mughal M H S, Ali G, Srivastava P S, et al. Improvement of drumstick(Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn.)A unique source of food and medicine through tissue culture[J]. Hamdard Medicus, 1999, 42(1):37-42.
[10]孔令芳,宋雅迪,陈艳林,等.不同处理方法对辣木种子萌发及生长状况的影响[J].大理学院学报,2012, 4(4):48-49.
[11]陈鸿洁,钱云,李涛,等.不同药剂及基质对辣木种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].热带农业科学,2015, 35(3):15-17.
[12]罗清,谢振兴,秦玉燕,等.不同处理对印度辣木种子萌发及生长的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2018, 38(2):177-180.
[13]姜艳,高燕,李泽生,等.辣木微型无菌扦插繁殖试验研究初报[J].试验研究, 2017, 76(3):55-57.
[14]高燕,罗凯,姜艳,等.不同因素对辣木扦插生根效果的影响[J].热带农业科学, 2017, 37(6):5-10.
[15]杜伟,程嘉翎.桑树绿枝扦插皮部生根过程的形态解剖学观察[J].蚕业科学, 2014, 40(1):13-17.
[16]吴小龙.不同杨树品种扦插生根试验研究[J].现代农业科技, 2013(16):143-155.
[17]王洪峰,韦强.辣木播种育苗及扦插繁殖技术研究[J].广东林业科技, 2008, 24(1):47-50.
[18]杨芷秋,曹受金,黄树兵.不同激素及基质对大马士革玫瑰扦插生根的影响[J].经济林研究, 2018, 36(1):167-170.
[19]徐红江.紫枝玫瑰全光雾嫩枝扦插技术[J].黑龙江农业科学, 2017(2):84-86.
[2] Aney J S, Rashmi T, Maushumi K, et al. Pharmacological and pharmaceutical potential of Morin ga oleifera:a review[J]. Journal of Pharmacy Research,2009, 2(9):1 424-1 426.
[3] Lalas S, Tsaknis J. Extraction and identification of natural antioxidant from the seeds of the Moringa oleifera tree variety of Malawi[J]. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 2002, 7(7):677-683.
[4] Vlahov G, Kiprono Chepkwony P, Ndalut P K. 13C NMR char-acterization of triacylglycerols of Moringa oleifera seed oil:An “oleic vaccenicacid” oil[J]. AGRIC Food Chem, 2002, 50(5):970-975.
[5]周丹蓉,孙凯慧,叶新福,等.辣木叶黄酮苷的分离鉴定及抗氧化活性研究[J].热带作物学报, 2018, 39(3):455-458.
[6]叶伟剑,黄晓君,范春林,等.辣木叶中2个新的黄酮苷[J].中国中药杂志, 2018, 43(15):3 150-3 156.
[7]刘凤霞,王苗苗,赵有为,等.辣木中功能性成分提取及产品开发的研究进展[J].食品科学, 2015, 36(19):282-286.
[8] Muhamman M A, Mohammed S G. Effects of aqueous extract of moringa(Moringa oleifera Lam.)and nitrogen rates on the contribution of some physiological and yield attributes to grain yield of sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)II[J]. Scientific Papers-Series A, Agronomy,2014, 57:272-275.
[9] Mughal M H S, Ali G, Srivastava P S, et al. Improvement of drumstick(Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn.)A unique source of food and medicine through tissue culture[J]. Hamdard Medicus, 1999, 42(1):37-42.
[10]孔令芳,宋雅迪,陈艳林,等.不同处理方法对辣木种子萌发及生长状况的影响[J].大理学院学报,2012, 4(4):48-49.
[11]陈鸿洁,钱云,李涛,等.不同药剂及基质对辣木种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].热带农业科学,2015, 35(3):15-17.
[12]罗清,谢振兴,秦玉燕,等.不同处理对印度辣木种子萌发及生长的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2018, 38(2):177-180.
[13]姜艳,高燕,李泽生,等.辣木微型无菌扦插繁殖试验研究初报[J].试验研究, 2017, 76(3):55-57.
[14]高燕,罗凯,姜艳,等.不同因素对辣木扦插生根效果的影响[J].热带农业科学, 2017, 37(6):5-10.
[15]杜伟,程嘉翎.桑树绿枝扦插皮部生根过程的形态解剖学观察[J].蚕业科学, 2014, 40(1):13-17.
[16]吴小龙.不同杨树品种扦插生根试验研究[J].现代农业科技, 2013(16):143-155.
[17]王洪峰,韦强.辣木播种育苗及扦插繁殖技术研究[J].广东林业科技, 2008, 24(1):47-50.
[18]杨芷秋,曹受金,黄树兵.不同激素及基质对大马士革玫瑰扦插生根的影响[J].经济林研究, 2018, 36(1):167-170.
[19]徐红江.紫枝玫瑰全光雾嫩枝扦插技术[J].黑龙江农业科学, 2017(2):84-86.
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