磁悬浮列车动力学研究方法综述
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摘要
在轨道交通领域中,磁悬浮列车的行驶方式不同于平常列车,它不再受限于传统轮轨接触式的行驶方式,可借助电磁力克服重力,脱离地面,实现了列车与轨道之间无接触的导向和悬浮。作为当前最为先进的运输方式,磁悬浮列车无疑成为各国着力研究的重要科技领域,为了提高行驶的安全性和改善行驶的平顺性,国内外学者针对磁悬浮列车相关动力学问题开展了大量研究,在理论分析、数值仿真等方面取得了重要成果。针对已有的成果,阐述了磁悬浮列车在动力学建模、动力学特性研究和悬浮控制等方面的研究现状及成果,并且对进一步的研究提出了建议和展望。
In the field of rail transit today,maglev trains are no longer limited by the traditional wheel-rail contact mode of travel,which uses electromagnetic force to overcome gravity and escapes from the ground.By way of maglev technology in railway transportation,the maglev train,as the most advanced mode of transportation,has undoubtedly become an important scientific and technological object on which all countries are competing for research.In order to improve driving safety and ride comfort,scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of researches on the dynamic problems related to maglev trains,and have obtained important results in theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and so on.This paper reviews the existing achievements in dynamic modeling,dynamic characteristics and suspension control of maglev train,and then puts forward some suggestions and prospects for further research.
In the field of rail transit today,maglev trains are no longer limited by the traditional wheel-rail contact mode of travel,which uses electromagnetic force to overcome gravity and escapes from the ground.By way of maglev technology in railway transportation,the maglev train,as the most advanced mode of transportation,has undoubtedly become an important scientific and technological object on which all countries are competing for research.In order to improve driving safety and ride comfort,scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of researches on the dynamic problems related to maglev trains,and have obtained important results in theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and so on.This paper reviews the existing achievements in dynamic modeling,dynamic characteristics and suspension control of maglev train,and then puts forward some suggestions and prospects for further research.
引文
[1]罗芳,张昆仑.磁悬浮列车U型悬浮电磁铁电磁力的数值计算与分析[J].机车电传动,2002(3):32-34.
[2]鲍佳.磁浮列车悬浮控制与动力学仿真[D].成都:西南交通大学,2003.
[3]李人宪,刘应清,翟婉明.高速磁悬浮列车纵向及垂向气动力数值分析[J].中国铁道科学,2004,25(1):8-12.
[4]HOWELL J P.Aerodynamic response of maglev train models to a crosswind gust[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,1986,22(2-3):205-213.
[5]邓永权.磁悬浮列车静悬稳定性与仿真分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2005.
[6]LI L,MENG G.Vehicle/steel guideway interaction when the maglev train is hovering[J].Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration&Active Control,2008,27(2):135-145.
[7]杨磊,赵志苏.磁悬浮列车转向架结构强度的有限元分析[J].机械,2004,31(2):13-15.
[8]赵志苏.摆式悬架高速磁悬浮列车转向特性研究[J].机车电传动,2009(1):43-45.
[9]王汝宁,程虎,李云钢.高速磁悬浮列车转向能力研究[J].机车电传动,2011(1):40-42.
[10]WATANABE K,SUZUKI E,YONEZU T,et al.J1001-1-6 Simulation of vehicle dynamics using a maglev vehicle model experiment apparatus[C]//The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,2009:195-196.
[11]胡嘉琦.磁悬浮列车的动力学响应及随机振动响应分析[D].兰州:兰州大学,2005.
[12]王旭,孙秦.某型磁悬浮列车结构动力学有限元数值计算及优化分析[J].机械设计与制造,2007(5):42-43.
[13]YAU J D.Aerodynamic vibrations of a maglev vehicle running on flexible guideways under oncoming wind actions[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2010,329(10):1743-1759.
[14]武建军,杨文伟.EMS磁悬浮列车/非线性弹性轨道系统的动力学特性[J].兰州大学学报:自科版,2006,42(1):120-126.
[15]ZHANG L,HUANG L,ZHANG Z.Stability and Hopf bifurcation of the maglev system with delayed position and speed feedback control[J].Nonlinear Dynamics,2009,57(1):197-207.
[16]贺光.EMS型中速磁浮列车动力学建模与导向能力研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2016.
[17]ZENG Y,WANG S,ZHANG K.A study of vertical coupling dynamics of EMS maglev train and guideway systems[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,1999,21(2):21-25.
[18]YANG Y B,YAN J D.An iterative interacting method for dynamic analysis of the maglev train-guideway/foundation-soil system[J].Engineering Structures,2011,33(3):1013-1024.
[19]刘洁.磁悬浮列车-高架桥梁系统耦合动力问题研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.
[20]黎松奇,张昆仑,刘国清,等.EMS型磁浮列车上下坡过程仿真研究[J].系统仿真学报,2016,28(1):255-260.
[21]李小珍,耿杰,王党雄,等.中低速磁浮列车-低置梁系统竖向耦合振动研究[J].工程力学,2017,34(12):210-218.
[22]洪沁烨.徐变及温度效应对中低速磁浮大跨连续梁车桥耦合振动的影响[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[23]刘德军,李小珍,洪沁烨,等.中低速磁浮列车-大跨度连续梁耦合振动研究[J].铁道工程学报,2017,34(9):53-57.
[24]苏斌.中低速磁浮列车作用下站房结构振动的理论与试验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[25]黎松奇.EMS磁浮列车悬浮系统振动机理及抑制方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[26]李小珍,王党雄,耿杰,等.F轨对中低速磁浮列车-桥梁系统竖向耦合振动的影响研究[J].土木工程学报,2017(4):101-110.
[27]YANG Q K,CHENG X.Vibration characteristics analysis of maglev vehicle-switch[J].Electric Locomotives&Mass Transit Vehicles,2016,39(5):63-66.
[28]李晓龙,龙鑫林,翟明达.永磁电磁型低速磁悬浮车轨耦合振动抑制新方法[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(4):649-655.
[29]吴开洪,崔建昆.磁悬浮列车转向架的变形状态分析[J].现代机械,2017(1):34-36.
[30]宗凌潇.时速140 km新型中低速磁浮列车走行机构研究分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[31]XU J,GENG Q,LI Y,et al.Design,fabrication,and test of an HTS magnetic suspension experimental system[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2016,26(6):1-6.
[32]陈永波,燕延,王伟明,等.磁悬浮直线电机三维有限元分析及优化设计研究[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2017(1):31-34.
[33]李颢豪,杨明智,孔学舟.不同高度声屏障对磁浮列车气动效应影响研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(4):819-826.
[34]马吉恩,钟云龙,方攸同,等.一种磁悬浮列车用混合型制动励磁结构:中国,20952374[P].2016-04-13.
[35]黎松奇,张昆仑,刘国清,等.EMS型磁浮列车上下坡过程仿真研究[J].系统仿真学报,2016,28(1):255-260.
[36]ZENG J,LUO R.Dynamic curving simulation of tilting train(bogie,technical session)[C]//International Symposium on Seed-Up and Service Technology for Railway and Maglev Systems:Stech.The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,2017,350081:1-6.
[37]SANG U P,CHAN Y Z,PARK D Y,et al.A study on improvement of operation efficiency of magnetic levitation train using linear induction motor[J].International Journal of Railway,2016,9(2):41-45.
[38]姚媛.高速磁浮列车速度曲线监控功能安全分析[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.
[39]黎松奇,张昆仑,刘国清,等.基于逆系统方法的磁浮列车非线性控制[J].控制工程,2017,24(8):1542-1546.
[40]张德伟.中低速磁浮车用LIM次级对电机特性及控制参数的影响研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[41]李晓龙,翟明达,郝阿明.基于输出饱和条件的磁浮列车悬浮控制参数优化[J].国防科技大学学报,2017(4):149-153.
[42]张新华.动圈式磁悬浮永磁平面电机设计与控制研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2017.
[43]LI J H,JIE L,GENG Z.A practical robust nonlinear controller for maglev levitation system[J].Journal of Central South University,2013,20(11):2991-3001.
[2]鲍佳.磁浮列车悬浮控制与动力学仿真[D].成都:西南交通大学,2003.
[3]李人宪,刘应清,翟婉明.高速磁悬浮列车纵向及垂向气动力数值分析[J].中国铁道科学,2004,25(1):8-12.
[4]HOWELL J P.Aerodynamic response of maglev train models to a crosswind gust[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,1986,22(2-3):205-213.
[5]邓永权.磁悬浮列车静悬稳定性与仿真分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2005.
[6]LI L,MENG G.Vehicle/steel guideway interaction when the maglev train is hovering[J].Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration&Active Control,2008,27(2):135-145.
[7]杨磊,赵志苏.磁悬浮列车转向架结构强度的有限元分析[J].机械,2004,31(2):13-15.
[8]赵志苏.摆式悬架高速磁悬浮列车转向特性研究[J].机车电传动,2009(1):43-45.
[9]王汝宁,程虎,李云钢.高速磁悬浮列车转向能力研究[J].机车电传动,2011(1):40-42.
[10]WATANABE K,SUZUKI E,YONEZU T,et al.J1001-1-6 Simulation of vehicle dynamics using a maglev vehicle model experiment apparatus[C]//The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,2009:195-196.
[11]胡嘉琦.磁悬浮列车的动力学响应及随机振动响应分析[D].兰州:兰州大学,2005.
[12]王旭,孙秦.某型磁悬浮列车结构动力学有限元数值计算及优化分析[J].机械设计与制造,2007(5):42-43.
[13]YAU J D.Aerodynamic vibrations of a maglev vehicle running on flexible guideways under oncoming wind actions[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2010,329(10):1743-1759.
[14]武建军,杨文伟.EMS磁悬浮列车/非线性弹性轨道系统的动力学特性[J].兰州大学学报:自科版,2006,42(1):120-126.
[15]ZHANG L,HUANG L,ZHANG Z.Stability and Hopf bifurcation of the maglev system with delayed position and speed feedback control[J].Nonlinear Dynamics,2009,57(1):197-207.
[16]贺光.EMS型中速磁浮列车动力学建模与导向能力研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2016.
[17]ZENG Y,WANG S,ZHANG K.A study of vertical coupling dynamics of EMS maglev train and guideway systems[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,1999,21(2):21-25.
[18]YANG Y B,YAN J D.An iterative interacting method for dynamic analysis of the maglev train-guideway/foundation-soil system[J].Engineering Structures,2011,33(3):1013-1024.
[19]刘洁.磁悬浮列车-高架桥梁系统耦合动力问题研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.
[20]黎松奇,张昆仑,刘国清,等.EMS型磁浮列车上下坡过程仿真研究[J].系统仿真学报,2016,28(1):255-260.
[21]李小珍,耿杰,王党雄,等.中低速磁浮列车-低置梁系统竖向耦合振动研究[J].工程力学,2017,34(12):210-218.
[22]洪沁烨.徐变及温度效应对中低速磁浮大跨连续梁车桥耦合振动的影响[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[23]刘德军,李小珍,洪沁烨,等.中低速磁浮列车-大跨度连续梁耦合振动研究[J].铁道工程学报,2017,34(9):53-57.
[24]苏斌.中低速磁浮列车作用下站房结构振动的理论与试验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[25]黎松奇.EMS磁浮列车悬浮系统振动机理及抑制方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[26]李小珍,王党雄,耿杰,等.F轨对中低速磁浮列车-桥梁系统竖向耦合振动的影响研究[J].土木工程学报,2017(4):101-110.
[27]YANG Q K,CHENG X.Vibration characteristics analysis of maglev vehicle-switch[J].Electric Locomotives&Mass Transit Vehicles,2016,39(5):63-66.
[28]李晓龙,龙鑫林,翟明达.永磁电磁型低速磁悬浮车轨耦合振动抑制新方法[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(4):649-655.
[29]吴开洪,崔建昆.磁悬浮列车转向架的变形状态分析[J].现代机械,2017(1):34-36.
[30]宗凌潇.时速140 km新型中低速磁浮列车走行机构研究分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[31]XU J,GENG Q,LI Y,et al.Design,fabrication,and test of an HTS magnetic suspension experimental system[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2016,26(6):1-6.
[32]陈永波,燕延,王伟明,等.磁悬浮直线电机三维有限元分析及优化设计研究[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2017(1):31-34.
[33]李颢豪,杨明智,孔学舟.不同高度声屏障对磁浮列车气动效应影响研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(4):819-826.
[34]马吉恩,钟云龙,方攸同,等.一种磁悬浮列车用混合型制动励磁结构:中国,20952374[P].2016-04-13.
[35]黎松奇,张昆仑,刘国清,等.EMS型磁浮列车上下坡过程仿真研究[J].系统仿真学报,2016,28(1):255-260.
[36]ZENG J,LUO R.Dynamic curving simulation of tilting train(bogie,technical session)[C]//International Symposium on Seed-Up and Service Technology for Railway and Maglev Systems:Stech.The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,2017,350081:1-6.
[37]SANG U P,CHAN Y Z,PARK D Y,et al.A study on improvement of operation efficiency of magnetic levitation train using linear induction motor[J].International Journal of Railway,2016,9(2):41-45.
[38]姚媛.高速磁浮列车速度曲线监控功能安全分析[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.
[39]黎松奇,张昆仑,刘国清,等.基于逆系统方法的磁浮列车非线性控制[J].控制工程,2017,24(8):1542-1546.
[40]张德伟.中低速磁浮车用LIM次级对电机特性及控制参数的影响研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[41]李晓龙,翟明达,郝阿明.基于输出饱和条件的磁浮列车悬浮控制参数优化[J].国防科技大学学报,2017(4):149-153.
[42]张新华.动圈式磁悬浮永磁平面电机设计与控制研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2017.
[43]LI J H,JIE L,GENG Z.A practical robust nonlinear controller for maglev levitation system[J].Journal of Central South University,2013,20(11):2991-3001.
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