热强化SVE技术对烃类污染土壤修复的影响
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摘要
针对烃类污染土壤的修复,本文采用热强化土壤气相抽提(soil vapor extraction,SVE)技术,分别研究了通气、土壤物性和温度等参数对污染土壤中挥发性有机物脱除效率的影响规律。结果表明:延长通气时间,出口浓度(LEL%)逐步降低,最后进入拖尾期,连续通气比间断通气更利于土壤中烃类污染物的去除,适当加大通气流速可提高去除效率。适当增大土壤粒径有利于有机物组分的迁移,且沸点低的碳氢(hydrogen and carbureted,HC)组分更易去除。床层加热方式较气体加热方式去除效率高。综合分析,通气速率和温度是影响去除效率的最主要因素,80 m L/min的通气流速、连续通气、80℃的床层温度为最优参数,吹脱时间为250 min时出口浓度(LEL%)达到6%。
In this paper,the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil using soil vapor extraction( SVE) technology is investigated. The influencing factors upon the removal efficiency of volatile organic compounds in contaminated soil are researched systematically,including ventilation,soil physical properties and temperature. The results indicate that the outlet concentration( Lower Explosive Limit %) decreases gradually with the prolonging of ventilation time and presents a tailing finally. Compared with discontinuous ventilation,hydrocarbon contaminants in soils are more easily removed with continuous ventilation. The removal efficiency is enhanced when quickening the aeration rate. The organic composition in the soil is easy to migrate with the appropriate particle size and the HC component with low boiling point is easier to be removed. With the increase of temperature,the pollutants are desorbed more quickly and the bed heating is more efficient than the gas heating. Under the optimal condition,including the ventilation rate of 80 m L/min,continuous ventilation method and the bed temperature of 80 ℃,the shortest ventilation time needed is 250 mins when the outlet concentration can reach 6%.
In this paper,the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil using soil vapor extraction( SVE) technology is investigated. The influencing factors upon the removal efficiency of volatile organic compounds in contaminated soil are researched systematically,including ventilation,soil physical properties and temperature. The results indicate that the outlet concentration( Lower Explosive Limit %) decreases gradually with the prolonging of ventilation time and presents a tailing finally. Compared with discontinuous ventilation,hydrocarbon contaminants in soils are more easily removed with continuous ventilation. The removal efficiency is enhanced when quickening the aeration rate. The organic composition in the soil is easy to migrate with the appropriate particle size and the HC component with low boiling point is easier to be removed. With the increase of temperature,the pollutants are desorbed more quickly and the bed heating is more efficient than the gas heating. Under the optimal condition,including the ventilation rate of 80 m L/min,continuous ventilation method and the bed temperature of 80 ℃,the shortest ventilation time needed is 250 mins when the outlet concentration can reach 6%.
引文
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[12]缪周伟,吕树光,邱兆富,等.原位热处理技术修复重质非水相液体污染场地研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(8):63-68.
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[16]马艳飞,郑西来,冯雪冬,等.气相抽提法修复油污土壤的影响因素研究[J].非金属矿,2011,34(4):53-55,58.
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[18]Kaslusky S F,Udell K S.Co-injection of air and steam for the prevention of the downward migration of DNAPLs during steam enhanced extraction:An experimental evaluation of optimum injection ratio predictions[J].Journal of contaminant hydrology,2005,77(4):325-347.
[19]Albergaria J T,Maria da Concei2o M,Delerue-Matos C.Remediation of sandy soils contaminated with hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons by soil vapour extraction[J].Journal of environmental management,2012,104:195-201.
[20]王雪晶.电强化条件下铁—炭对地下水中有机污染的修复研究[D].上海:东华大学,2016.
[21]孙铁珩,李培军,周启星.土壤污染形成机理与修复技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[22]廖志强,朱杰,罗启仕,等.污染土壤中苯系物的热解吸[J].环境化学,2013,32(4):646-650.
[23]杨伟,宋震宇,李野,等.射频加热强化土壤气相抽提技术的应用[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(3):1483-1488.
[2]刘少卿,姜林,黄吉吉,等.挥发及半挥发有机物污染场地蒸汽抽提修复技术原理与影响因素[J].环境科学,2011,32(3):825-833.
[3]周迅.苏南地区加油站地下储油罐渗漏污染研究[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2007.
[4]刘沙沙,董家华,陈志良,等.挥发性有机物污染土壤修复技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(14):8133-8135.
[5]陈家军,田亮,李玮,等.土壤柴油污染修复的抽气提取去除实验研究[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(10):1416-1420.
[6]Park G,Shin H S,Ko S O.A laboratory and pilot study of thermally enhanced soil vapor extraction method for the removal of semi-volatile organic contaminants[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health,2005,40(4):881-897.
[7]殷甫祥,张胜田,赵欣,等.气相抽提法(SVE)去除土壤中挥发性有机污染物的试验研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(8):1495-1501.
[8]王喜,陈鸿汉,刘菲.依据挥发性污染物浓度变化划分土壤气相抽提过程的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(5):903-907.
[9]何炜,陈鸿汉,刘菲,等.柴油污染土壤修复砂箱试验[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010(1):127-133.
[10]李炳智,朱江,吉敏,等.蒸汽强化气相抽提修复苯系物污染粘性土壤[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2016,34(5):58-67,75.
[11]王宁,彭胜,陈家军.蒸汽-空气混合注射修复TCE污染的二维土箱实验研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(7):2785-2790.
[12]缪周伟,吕树光,邱兆富,等.原位热处理技术修复重质非水相液体污染场地研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(8):63-68.
[13]杨勇,黄海,陈美平,等.异位热解吸技术在有机污染土壤修复中的应用和发展[J].环境工程,2016,6(6),559-570.
[14]Crow W L,Anderson E P,Minugh E M.Subsurface venting of vapors emanating from hydrocarbon product on groundwater[J].Groundwater Monitoring Review,1986,7(1):51-56.
[15]贺晓珍,周友亚,汪莉,等.土壤气相抽提法去除红壤中挥发性有机污染物的影响因素研究[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(5):679-683.
[16]马艳飞,郑西来,冯雪冬,等.气相抽提法修复油污土壤的影响因素研究[J].非金属矿,2011,34(4):53-55,58.
[17]Fall E W,Pickens W E.In situ hydrocarbon extraction[J].Environmental Consultants Environmental Science and Technology,1988,22(3):349-353.
[18]Kaslusky S F,Udell K S.Co-injection of air and steam for the prevention of the downward migration of DNAPLs during steam enhanced extraction:An experimental evaluation of optimum injection ratio predictions[J].Journal of contaminant hydrology,2005,77(4):325-347.
[19]Albergaria J T,Maria da Concei2o M,Delerue-Matos C.Remediation of sandy soils contaminated with hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons by soil vapour extraction[J].Journal of environmental management,2012,104:195-201.
[20]王雪晶.电强化条件下铁—炭对地下水中有机污染的修复研究[D].上海:东华大学,2016.
[21]孙铁珩,李培军,周启星.土壤污染形成机理与修复技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[22]廖志强,朱杰,罗启仕,等.污染土壤中苯系物的热解吸[J].环境化学,2013,32(4):646-650.
[23]杨伟,宋震宇,李野,等.射频加热强化土壤气相抽提技术的应用[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(3):1483-1488.
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