利用数字岩心技术研究变质岩潜山裂缝油藏剩余油特征
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摘要
针对传统裂缝介质岩心驱替实验存在无法观察岩心内水驱油过程及剩余油特征等问题,利用数字岩心技术将传统驱替实验数字化,得到裂缝介质岩心水驱后剩余油特征参数,分析其形成机理。结果表明:不同尺度裂缝中均有剩余油富集,小裂缝中剩余油比例约占1/2,形成的机理为不同尺度裂缝间强烈的干扰效应,导致小裂缝中剩余油未形成足够的驱替压差,从而使小裂缝中剩余油多以分散的油滴形式存在;较大裂缝中剩余油比例约占1/3,形成机理为大裂缝中驱替速度大于原油从岩石表面剥离速度,从而使较大裂缝中剩余油以油簇或油斑形式富集于大裂缝表面,长期的稳定驱替导致该类剩余油处于平衡状态。不稳定注水能打破原有流场分布,有效动用大裂缝的剩余油,表面活性剂驱能提高大裂缝中原油的驱油效率;封堵大裂缝,降低裂缝油藏的非均质程度,同时增大生产压差有利于动用较小裂缝中的剩余油。该项研究对提高裂缝油藏的开发效果具有重要意义。
Traditional core flooding experiment of fractured medium is limited by no observation of waterflooding process and remaining oil distribution. The digital core technology was used to digitize the traditional flooding experiment and gain the remaining oil characteristic parameters of fractured core flooding and analyze its genesis mechanism. Research indicates that the remaining oil distributes in the fractures with different scales. The remaining oil in the small-scale fracture accounts for about 1/2,which results from the strong interference between the fractures with different scales. There is no sufficient displacement pressure different for the remaining oil in the small-scale fracture,and the remaining oil usually distributes as scattered pattern. The remaining oil in the fracture with relatively large scale accounts for 1/3,which results from the higher di placement velocity in the fracture with relatively large scale than that of the oil on the rock surface. The remaining oil in the fracture with relatively large scale usually distributes on the fracture surface as the form of oil cluster or pol spot. Long-term steady displacement leads to a balance for the remaining oil. Unsteady water injection can break the original flow field distribution and effectively produce the remaining oil in the fracture with relatively large scale. Surfactant flooding can improve the oil displacement efficiency of the remaining oil in the fracture with relatively large scale. Fractured reservoir heterogeneity can be improved by plugging the large-scale fractures and the remaining oil in the small-scale fracture can be recovered by increasing producing pressure difference. This research could provide great significance to the improve the development performance of fractured reservoir.
Traditional core flooding experiment of fractured medium is limited by no observation of waterflooding process and remaining oil distribution. The digital core technology was used to digitize the traditional flooding experiment and gain the remaining oil characteristic parameters of fractured core flooding and analyze its genesis mechanism. Research indicates that the remaining oil distributes in the fractures with different scales. The remaining oil in the small-scale fracture accounts for about 1/2,which results from the strong interference between the fractures with different scales. There is no sufficient displacement pressure different for the remaining oil in the small-scale fracture,and the remaining oil usually distributes as scattered pattern. The remaining oil in the fracture with relatively large scale accounts for 1/3,which results from the higher di placement velocity in the fracture with relatively large scale than that of the oil on the rock surface. The remaining oil in the fracture with relatively large scale usually distributes on the fracture surface as the form of oil cluster or pol spot. Long-term steady displacement leads to a balance for the remaining oil. Unsteady water injection can break the original flow field distribution and effectively produce the remaining oil in the fracture with relatively large scale. Surfactant flooding can improve the oil displacement efficiency of the remaining oil in the fracture with relatively large scale. Fractured reservoir heterogeneity can be improved by plugging the large-scale fractures and the remaining oil in the small-scale fracture can be recovered by increasing producing pressure difference. This research could provide great significance to the improve the development performance of fractured reservoir.
引文
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[22]王玉功,唐冬珠,王所良.裂缝性堵水技术在长庆油田的研究与应用[J].石油化工应用,2017,36(1):17-20.
[2]袁士义,宋新民,冉启全.裂缝性油藏开发技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:275-283.
[3]付静,孙宝江,于世娜,等.裂缝性低渗透油藏渗流规律实验研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(3):81-84.
[4]张占女,孟智强,朱志强.JZS油田裂缝性潜山油藏基质驱油效率研究[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(4):101-105.
[5]路向伟,杜书恒,郑奎.致密砂岩油储层裂缝发育特征及其对剩余油挖潜的启示---以鄂尔多斯盆地新安边地区延长组长722段为例[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2018,54(1):41-48.
[6]郭小美,孙雷,周涌沂,等.裂缝性油藏大尺度可视化水驱油物理模拟实验[J].特种油气藏,2011,18(3):109-111.
[7]唐玄,金之钧,杨明慧,等.碳酸盐岩裂缝介质中微观二维油水运移聚集物理模拟实验研究[J].地质论评,2006,52(4):570-576.
[8]王志章,韩海英,刘月田.复杂裂缝性油藏分阶段数值模拟及剩余油分布预测---以火烧山油田H41层为例[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(6):604-606.
[9]王志章.裂缝性油藏描述及预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:113-115.
[10]王国先,翟兰新.火烧山油田储层裂缝发育特征新认识[J].新疆石油地质,1996,17(2):180-183.
[11]池建萍,郑强.复杂裂缝性油藏历史拟合中的特殊做法[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(5):517-519.
[12]杨威.古城油田泌浅10区剩余油分布及挖潜技术研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2010.
[13]姚军,赵秀才,衣艳静.数字岩心技术现状及展望[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(6):52-54.
[14]GEISTLINGER H,MOHAMMADIAN S,SCHLUETERS,et al.Quantification of capillary trapping of gas clusters using X-ray microtomography[J].Water Resources Research,2014,50(5):4514-4529.
[15]IGLAUER S,PALUSZNY A,BLUNT M J.Simultaneous oil recovery and residual gas storage:a pore-level analysis using in situ X-ray micro-tomography[J].Fuel,2013,103(1):905-914.
[16]施晓乐,侯健.采用CT技术研究岩心剩余油微观赋存状态[J].石油学报,2014,35(2):319-325.
[17]高养军,潘凌,卢祥国.周期注水效果及其影响因素[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(5):22-24.
[18]张煜,张进平.不稳定注水技术研究及应用[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(1):49-55.
[19]李贻勇.异步注采注水方式在东胜堡潜山的应用[J].石油地质与工程,2011,25(增刊1):16-18.
[20]刘剑,刘月田,梁武全.碳酸盐岩潜山裂缝性油藏异步注采研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(36):10811-10815.
[21]巨登峰,张克永,张双艳.华北油田裂缝性油藏的堵水实践[J].断块油气田,2001,8(6):39-42.
[22]王玉功,唐冬珠,王所良.裂缝性堵水技术在长庆油田的研究与应用[J].石油化工应用,2017,36(1):17-20.
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