青年种公牛阴囊表面温度与精液品质关系初探
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摘要
本研究旨在利用红外热像仪检测阴囊表面温差(ΔSST),探究ΔSST与精液品质的关系。2016年冬季实测北京奶牛中心种公牛站39头青年种公牛的阴囊表面温差ΔSST(早晨SST为5.14±1.32℃,中午SST为4.50±1.28℃)和牛舍环境温度,并收集了2016年10月—11月精液品质和畸形率检测结果数据,利用固定模型分析了不同影响因素对精子畸形率的影响,Logistic回归模型对鲜精活力进行预测。结果表明:1)不同ΔSST分组间精子畸形率差异不显著,早晨ΔSST高、低2组畸形率分别为10.80%、11.95%,中午ΔSST高、低2组畸形率分别为12.32%、10.46%;2)利用Logistic回归模型分析表明,品种,采精次数,早晨ΔSST分组,协变量月龄和体重等因素显著影响鲜精活力合格概率。因此,在避免其他因素影响拍摄效果的前提下,可利用热像仪测定阴囊表面温差,从而监测精液品质,并作为预测青年种公牛鲜精活力是否合格的有效标助信息。
The aims of this study were to measure scrotal surface temperature(SST) gradient(ΔSST) of semen producing bulls using infrared thermography and find the relationship between ΔSST and semen quality.The SST of 39 young breeding bulls(morning SST was 5.14±1.32 ℃,noon SST was 4.50±1.28 ℃) and the ambient temperature data were measured at bull station of Beijing Dairy Cattle Centre on November 2016.Semen quality and the percentage of abnormal sperm data were collected from October to November 2016.The effects of factors on the percentage of abnormal sperm were analyzed using a fixed linear model,and the probability of qualified gross motility was predicted using a logistic regression model.The results showed that 1) The morning ΔSST of different groups had no significant effect on the percentage of abnormal sperm.The percentage of abnormal sperm of high and low morning ΔSST groups were respectively 10.80% and 11.95%.The percentage of abnormal sperm of in high and low noon ΔSST groups were 12.32% and 10.46%,respectively;2) Analysis by using logistic regression model indicated that the breeds,number of collections,groups of morning ΔSST,and co-variable(month of age and body weight) had significant effects on the qualified probability of fresh semen in term of gross motility.In summary,the SST measurement using infrared thermography,with caution to avoid other factors might influence the accuracy of the operation,could be used to monitor the semen quality of bulls and provide effectively additional information for predicting the qualified probability of fresh semen in term of gross motility for young breeding bulls.
The aims of this study were to measure scrotal surface temperature(SST) gradient(ΔSST) of semen producing bulls using infrared thermography and find the relationship between ΔSST and semen quality.The SST of 39 young breeding bulls(morning SST was 5.14±1.32 ℃,noon SST was 4.50±1.28 ℃) and the ambient temperature data were measured at bull station of Beijing Dairy Cattle Centre on November 2016.Semen quality and the percentage of abnormal sperm data were collected from October to November 2016.The effects of factors on the percentage of abnormal sperm were analyzed using a fixed linear model,and the probability of qualified gross motility was predicted using a logistic regression model.The results showed that 1) The morning ΔSST of different groups had no significant effect on the percentage of abnormal sperm.The percentage of abnormal sperm of high and low morning ΔSST groups were respectively 10.80% and 11.95%.The percentage of abnormal sperm of in high and low noon ΔSST groups were 12.32% and 10.46%,respectively;2) Analysis by using logistic regression model indicated that the breeds,number of collections,groups of morning ΔSST,and co-variable(month of age and body weight) had significant effects on the qualified probability of fresh semen in term of gross motility.In summary,the SST measurement using infrared thermography,with caution to avoid other factors might influence the accuracy of the operation,could be used to monitor the semen quality of bulls and provide effectively additional information for predicting the qualified probability of fresh semen in term of gross motility for young breeding bulls.
引文
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[2] Purohit R C,Hudson R S,Riddell M G,Carson R L,Wolfe D F,Walker D F.Thermography of the bovine scrotum[J].American Journal of Veterinary Research,1985,46(11):2388-2392
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[6] Brito L F,Silva A E,Rodrigues L H,Vieira F V,Deragon L A,Kastelic J P.Effect of age and genetic group on characteristics of the scrotum,testes and testicular vascular cones,and on sperm production and semen quality in AI bulls in Brazil[J].Theriogenology,2002,58(6):1175-1186
[7] Brito L F,Silva A E,Barbosa R T,Kastelic J P.Testicular thermoregulation in Bos indicus,crossbred and Bos taurus bulls:Relationship with scrotal,testicular vascular cone and testicular morphology,and effects on semen quality and sperm production[J].Theriogenology,2004,61(2):511-528
[8] 张忠诚.家畜繁殖学[M].第4版.北京:中国农业出版社,2004.77,83,219Zhang Z C.Reproduction of Domestic Animals[M].4th ed.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2004:77,83,219 (in Chinese)
[9] 李笑梅,陈永华,汤明礼,王望九.精子活力与精子畸形率及抗精子抗体的回归分析[J].临床检验杂志,1998(4):251-252Li X M,Chen Y H,Tang M L,Wang W J.Regression analysis of sperm motility,sperm deformity rate and antisperm antibody[J].Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science,1998(4):251-252 (in Chinese)
[10] Lunstra D D,Coulter G H.Relationship between scrotal infrared temperature patterns and natural-mating fertility in beef bulls[J].Journal of Animal Science,1997,75(3):767-774
[11] Ruediger F R D,Chacur M G M,Alves F C P E,Oba E,Ramos A D A.Digital infrared thermography of the scrotum,semen quality,serum testosterone levels in Nellore bulls (Bos taurus indicus) and their correlation with climatic factors[J].Semina Ciências Agrárias,2016,37(1):221-231
[12] Stéphanie B,Stephen M,Yuri M.Advanced bull test evaluation:bridging superior feed efficiency with optimal reproductive development and semen quality[R].Ontario:Ministry of Agriculture,Food and Rural Affairs,2015
[13] Kastelic J P,Cook R B,Coulter G H,Saacke R G.Insulating the scrotal neck affects semen quality and scrotal/testicular temperatures in the bull[J].Theriogenology,1996,45(5):935-942
[14] Brito L F,Silva A E,Barbosa R T,Unanian M M,Kastelic J P.Effects of scrotal insulation on sperm production,semen quality,and testicular echotexture in Bos indicus and Bos indicus×Bos taurus bulls[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2003,79(1-2):1-15
[15] Coulter G H,Cook R B,Kastelic J P.Effects of dietary energy on scrotal surface temperature,seminal quality,and sperm production in young beef bulls[J].Journal of Animal Science,1997,75(4):1048-1052
[16] 朱子岳,徐伟,张海涛,刘林,王雅春.公牛阴囊表面温差与精液品质关系的研究[J].中国奶牛,2018(5):30-34Zhu Z Y,Xu W,Zhang H T,Liu L,Wang Y C.Study on the relationship between breeding bulls’ scrotal surface temperature and semen quality[J].China Dairy Cattle,2018(5):30-34 (in Chinese)
[17] GB4143—2008.牛冷冻精液[S].北京:中国国家标准化管理委员会,2008GB4143—2008.Frozen bovine semen[S].Beijing:Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China,2008 (in Chinese)
[18] 彭睿,付平,王林波,袁琳,郭妮妮,潘浩,郝海龙.武汉地区种公牛精液质量的影响因素分析[J].当代畜牧,2013,21:43-45Peng R,Fu P,Wang L B,Yuan L,Guo N N,Pan H,Hao H L.Analysis of influence factors for breeding bulls’ semen quality in Wuhan area[J].Contemporary Animal Husbandry,2013,21:43-45 (in Chinese)
[19] 魏趁,朱兵山,黄锡霞,热西提·阿不都热依木,谭世新,李国利,王爱芳,李红艳,田晓阳.新疆地区种公牛精液品质的影响因素分析[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(11):1-7Wei C,Zhu B S,Huang X X,Rexiti A,Tan S X,Li G L,Wang A F,Li H Y,Tian X Y.Analysis of factors influencing the semen quality of bull in Xinjiang[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2015,24(11):1-7 (in Chinese)
[20] Kastelic J P,Cook R B,Coulter G H,Wallins G L,Entz T.Environmental factors affecting measurement of bovine scrotal surface temperature with infrared thermography[J].Animal Reproduction Science,1996,41(3-4):153-159
[21] Kastelic J P.Understanding and evaluating bovine testes[J].Theriogenology,2014,81(1):18-23
[2] Purohit R C,Hudson R S,Riddell M G,Carson R L,Wolfe D F,Walker D F.Thermography of the bovine scrotum[J].American Journal of Veterinary Research,1985,46(11):2388-2392
[3] Coulter G H.Thermography of bull testes[C].In:12th Technical Conference of Artificial Insemination and Reproduction,Columbia:National Association of Animal Breeders,1988:58-63
[4] Cook R B,Coulter G H,Kastelic J P.The testicular vascular cone,scrotal thermoregulation,and their relationship to sperm production and seminal quality in beef bulls[J].Theriogenology,1994,41(3):653-671
[5] Menegassi S R,Barcellos J O,Dias E A,Koetz C Jr,Pereira G R,Peripolli V,McManus C,Canozzi M E,Lopes F G.Scrotal infrared digital thermography as a predictor of seasonal effects on sperm traits in Braford bulls[J].International Journal of Biometeorology,2014,59(3):357-364
[6] Brito L F,Silva A E,Rodrigues L H,Vieira F V,Deragon L A,Kastelic J P.Effect of age and genetic group on characteristics of the scrotum,testes and testicular vascular cones,and on sperm production and semen quality in AI bulls in Brazil[J].Theriogenology,2002,58(6):1175-1186
[7] Brito L F,Silva A E,Barbosa R T,Kastelic J P.Testicular thermoregulation in Bos indicus,crossbred and Bos taurus bulls:Relationship with scrotal,testicular vascular cone and testicular morphology,and effects on semen quality and sperm production[J].Theriogenology,2004,61(2):511-528
[8] 张忠诚.家畜繁殖学[M].第4版.北京:中国农业出版社,2004.77,83,219Zhang Z C.Reproduction of Domestic Animals[M].4th ed.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2004:77,83,219 (in Chinese)
[9] 李笑梅,陈永华,汤明礼,王望九.精子活力与精子畸形率及抗精子抗体的回归分析[J].临床检验杂志,1998(4):251-252Li X M,Chen Y H,Tang M L,Wang W J.Regression analysis of sperm motility,sperm deformity rate and antisperm antibody[J].Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science,1998(4):251-252 (in Chinese)
[10] Lunstra D D,Coulter G H.Relationship between scrotal infrared temperature patterns and natural-mating fertility in beef bulls[J].Journal of Animal Science,1997,75(3):767-774
[11] Ruediger F R D,Chacur M G M,Alves F C P E,Oba E,Ramos A D A.Digital infrared thermography of the scrotum,semen quality,serum testosterone levels in Nellore bulls (Bos taurus indicus) and their correlation with climatic factors[J].Semina Ciências Agrárias,2016,37(1):221-231
[12] Stéphanie B,Stephen M,Yuri M.Advanced bull test evaluation:bridging superior feed efficiency with optimal reproductive development and semen quality[R].Ontario:Ministry of Agriculture,Food and Rural Affairs,2015
[13] Kastelic J P,Cook R B,Coulter G H,Saacke R G.Insulating the scrotal neck affects semen quality and scrotal/testicular temperatures in the bull[J].Theriogenology,1996,45(5):935-942
[14] Brito L F,Silva A E,Barbosa R T,Unanian M M,Kastelic J P.Effects of scrotal insulation on sperm production,semen quality,and testicular echotexture in Bos indicus and Bos indicus×Bos taurus bulls[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2003,79(1-2):1-15
[15] Coulter G H,Cook R B,Kastelic J P.Effects of dietary energy on scrotal surface temperature,seminal quality,and sperm production in young beef bulls[J].Journal of Animal Science,1997,75(4):1048-1052
[16] 朱子岳,徐伟,张海涛,刘林,王雅春.公牛阴囊表面温差与精液品质关系的研究[J].中国奶牛,2018(5):30-34Zhu Z Y,Xu W,Zhang H T,Liu L,Wang Y C.Study on the relationship between breeding bulls’ scrotal surface temperature and semen quality[J].China Dairy Cattle,2018(5):30-34 (in Chinese)
[17] GB4143—2008.牛冷冻精液[S].北京:中国国家标准化管理委员会,2008GB4143—2008.Frozen bovine semen[S].Beijing:Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China,2008 (in Chinese)
[18] 彭睿,付平,王林波,袁琳,郭妮妮,潘浩,郝海龙.武汉地区种公牛精液质量的影响因素分析[J].当代畜牧,2013,21:43-45Peng R,Fu P,Wang L B,Yuan L,Guo N N,Pan H,Hao H L.Analysis of influence factors for breeding bulls’ semen quality in Wuhan area[J].Contemporary Animal Husbandry,2013,21:43-45 (in Chinese)
[19] 魏趁,朱兵山,黄锡霞,热西提·阿不都热依木,谭世新,李国利,王爱芳,李红艳,田晓阳.新疆地区种公牛精液品质的影响因素分析[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(11):1-7Wei C,Zhu B S,Huang X X,Rexiti A,Tan S X,Li G L,Wang A F,Li H Y,Tian X Y.Analysis of factors influencing the semen quality of bull in Xinjiang[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2015,24(11):1-7 (in Chinese)
[20] Kastelic J P,Cook R B,Coulter G H,Wallins G L,Entz T.Environmental factors affecting measurement of bovine scrotal surface temperature with infrared thermography[J].Animal Reproduction Science,1996,41(3-4):153-159
[21] Kastelic J P.Understanding and evaluating bovine testes[J].Theriogenology,2014,81(1):18-23