枸杞色素及多糖的不同提取次序对其得率及抗氧化活性的影响
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摘要
为探究先后提取枸杞多糖及枸杞色素时对各自得率的影响。本研究通过分别考察这两种成分在提取过程中的提取溶剂、提取温度、料液比、提取次数及提取时间等因素对枸杞色素和枸杞多糖的得率影响,确定枸杞色素和枸杞多糖在提取次序不同时,两者的最佳提取工艺以及对DPPH·和·OH自由基清除率。结果表明,首先提取枸杞多糖后,枸杞色素的最佳提取工艺为采用正己烷,80℃时,料液比1∶10,提取2次,每次1 h,枸杞色素得率为2.48%,此时枸杞多糖得率为7.45%;而首先提取枸杞色素后,采用了超声辅助提取的方式提取枸杞多糖,发现超声效率为25%,料液比1∶10,提取20 min,枸杞多糖得率为5.23%,此时枸杞色素得率为3.93%。因此,首先提取枸杞多糖,使其平均得率为7.45%,而后提取枸杞色素,其平均得率为2.48%;总体上,枸杞色素1和枸杞多糖1对DPPH·自由基清除率都较高,枸杞多糖1对·OH自由基清除率较高,其抗氧化活性都接近Vc。
In order to explore the influence of different extraction order of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and Lycium barbarum pigment on their yield,this paper will research respectively the effects of solvent,temperature,ratio of material to liquid,times of extraction and extraction time on the yield of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and Lycium barbarum pigment,and the optimum extraction conditions of different order and their free radical scavenging rate of DPPH·and ·OH were determined.The results showed that the best extraction technology of Lycium barbarum pigment was n-hexane as the solvent,80 ℃,the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶10,extraction time was 1 h,and the yield of pigment was 2.48% and the yield of polysaccharides was 7.45% when extracted polysaccharides as first;the optimum extraction technology of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides was ultrasonic efficiency as 25%,the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶10,and extracted for 20 min with ultrasonic assisted extraction,and the yield of polysaccharides was 5.23% and the yield of polysaccharides was 3.93% when extracted pigment as first.Consequently,the average yield of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide was 7.45%,and pigment was 2.48% when firstly extracted polysaccharide.In general,Lycium barbarum pigment 1 and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide 1 have higher free radical scavenging rate of DPPH·and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide 1 has higher free radical scavenging rate of ·OH,and their antioxidant activities were close to Vc.
In order to explore the influence of different extraction order of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and Lycium barbarum pigment on their yield,this paper will research respectively the effects of solvent,temperature,ratio of material to liquid,times of extraction and extraction time on the yield of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and Lycium barbarum pigment,and the optimum extraction conditions of different order and their free radical scavenging rate of DPPH·and ·OH were determined.The results showed that the best extraction technology of Lycium barbarum pigment was n-hexane as the solvent,80 ℃,the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶10,extraction time was 1 h,and the yield of pigment was 2.48% and the yield of polysaccharides was 7.45% when extracted polysaccharides as first;the optimum extraction technology of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides was ultrasonic efficiency as 25%,the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶10,and extracted for 20 min with ultrasonic assisted extraction,and the yield of polysaccharides was 5.23% and the yield of polysaccharides was 3.93% when extracted pigment as first.Consequently,the average yield of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide was 7.45%,and pigment was 2.48% when firstly extracted polysaccharide.In general,Lycium barbarum pigment 1 and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide 1 have higher free radical scavenging rate of DPPH·and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide 1 has higher free radical scavenging rate of ·OH,and their antioxidant activities were close to Vc.
引文
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2 He J,Zhang SP.Studies on Lycium barbarum and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides[J].Food Sci(食品科学),1995,16(2):14-21.
3 Gan L,Zhang SH.Studies on different varieties of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides[J].Food Sci(食品科学),1996,17(9):9-12.
4 Yang YJ.Food analysis[M].Beijing:China Light Industry,2002:181-183.
5 Fang JG,Ding SP,Tian GY.Pharmacological action and clinical application of Lycium barbanum polysaccharide[J].Herald Med(医药导报),2004,23:484-485.
6 Du JX,Gong BB,Song F,et al.Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides[J].Nat Prod Res Dev(天然产物研究与开发),2019,31:236-239.
7 Tian XJ,Liu YL,Wu QK,et al.Optimization and comparison of extraction methods for Lycium barbarum polysaccharides[J].Nat Prod Res Dev(天然产物研究与开发),2018,30:65-71.
8 Zhang YL,Li HQ,Gao J,et al.Study on the new extraction process of polysaccharide from spirulina platensis[J].Food Ferment Ind(食品发酵与工业),1999,25(2):15-17.
9 Zhao YH,Zhou ZM.Effect of physical conditions on Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in aqueous extract of Lycium barbarum L.[J].Beverage Indus(饮料工业),2004,7(4):25-27.
10 Chen JE,Li CY.Comparative study on extraction of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide by microwave and traditional technology[J].Chinese Trad Pat Med(中成药),2006,4:574-575.
11 Zhang ZP,Huang WB.Ultrasonic extraction and determination of total flavonoids and polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum[J].J AGR Sci(农业科学研究),2006,27(1):23.
12 Li J,Qu WJ,Zhang WJ,et al.Study on antioxidant activity of pigment of Lycium ruthenicum[J].Chin J Chin Mater Med(中国中药杂志),2006,31:1179-1183.
13 Zhao P,Wu CJ,Zhao Y,et al.Study on the total antioxidant activity of gouqi(Lycium barbarum) pigment[J].Food and Ferment Ind(食品与发酵工业),2010,136(3):60-64.
14 Wang HB,Bai HJ,Wang JL,et al.Study on Scavenging free radical activity of pigment in Lycium rethenicummurr[J].Food Res Dev(食品研究与开发),2006,27(11):8-10.
15 Wang Z,Zhao JY,Mu L,et al.Optimizing technology of extracting polysaccharides from Lycium chinense and its ant-oxidant activities[J].Hubei Agri Sci(湖北农业科学),2015,54:1440-1444.
16 Yan C,Yan X.Study on extraction of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides by different methods and their antioxidant effects in vitro[J].Food Sci(食品科学),2008,29:183-187.