柴油/PODE_(3-4)混合燃料喷雾特性的试验
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摘要
基于高压可视化定容燃烧弹试验台,利用高速摄影技术和激光粒度仪对柴油/PODE_(3-4)混合燃料喷雾特性进行研究,分析了燃料物性、喷射压力和喷孔直径对混合燃料宏观与微观特性的影响.结果表明:混合燃料的喷雾贯穿距离大于纯柴油,并呈现先增大后趋于稳定的趋势;在高喷射压力下,相比纯柴油,混合燃料的喷雾贯穿距离增幅较为明显,但平均喷雾锥角增长幅度较小;增大喷孔直径,混合燃料与纯柴油的喷雾锥角和喷雾贯穿距离都增大;喷射压力升高,混合燃料的索特平均直径(SMD)都下降,柴油下降幅度最小,D_v90降幅较为明显,说明在喷射压力影响下,大液滴更容易破碎成小液滴;随着喷孔直径增大,混合燃料的SMD、D_v10、D_v50和D_v90都呈上升趋势,说明较大的喷孔直径不利于混合燃料喷雾特性的改善.
The spray characteristics of diesel/PODE_(3-4) mixed fuel were studied on a high-pressure visual constant volume vessel test bench by using high speed photography and laser particle size analyzer. The effects of fuel property,injection pressure and hozzle diameter on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the mixed fuel were analyzed. The results show that the spray penetration distance of the mixed fuel is larger than that of the pure diesel,and it first increases and then tends to stable state. Under the high injection pressure,the spray penetration of the mixed fuel is more obvious than that of the pure diesel,but the average spray cone angle increases slightly. When the diameter of the nozzle increases,both the spray cone angle and the spray penetration of the mixed fuel and the pure diesel increase. As the injection pressure increases,the Sauter mean diameter(SMD) of the mixed fuel decreases more quickly than the pure diesel,and the drop in D_v90 looks more evident. This indicates that under the influence of injection pressure,the large droplets break more easily into small droplets. As the diameter of the nozzle increases,all of the SMD,D_v10,D_v50 and D_v90 of the mixed fuel present an upward trend,indicating that the larger diameter of the nozzle is not conducive to improving the spray characteristics of the mixed fuel.
The spray characteristics of diesel/PODE_(3-4) mixed fuel were studied on a high-pressure visual constant volume vessel test bench by using high speed photography and laser particle size analyzer. The effects of fuel property,injection pressure and hozzle diameter on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the mixed fuel were analyzed. The results show that the spray penetration distance of the mixed fuel is larger than that of the pure diesel,and it first increases and then tends to stable state. Under the high injection pressure,the spray penetration of the mixed fuel is more obvious than that of the pure diesel,but the average spray cone angle increases slightly. When the diameter of the nozzle increases,both the spray cone angle and the spray penetration of the mixed fuel and the pure diesel increase. As the injection pressure increases,the Sauter mean diameter(SMD) of the mixed fuel decreases more quickly than the pure diesel,and the drop in D_v90 looks more evident. This indicates that under the influence of injection pressure,the large droplets break more easily into small droplets. As the diameter of the nozzle increases,all of the SMD,D_v10,D_v50 and D_v90 of the mixed fuel present an upward trend,indicating that the larger diameter of the nozzle is not conducive to improving the spray characteristics of the mixed fuel.
引文
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[24]徐阳杰,李国岫,虞育松,等.喷孔直径对柴油射流雾化影响的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2015,36(4):907-911.
[25]Yu S,Yin B,Jia H,et al.Theoretical and experimental comparison of internal flow and spray chracteristics between diesel and biodiesel[J].Fuel,2017,208:20-29.
[26]Zhang T,Dong B,Chen X,et al.Spray characteristics of pressure-swirl nozzles at different nozzle diameters[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,121(5):984-991.
[27]Dahmen N,Arnold U,Djordjevic N,et al.High pressure in synthetic fuels production[J].Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2015,96:124-132.
[28]Chen P C,Wang W C,Roberts W L,et al.Spray and atomization of diesel fuel and its alternatives from a single-hole injector using a common rail fuel injection system[J].Fuel,2013,103(2):850-861.
[29]姚春德,耿培林,银增辉,等.喷嘴结构对喷雾特性的影响[J].内燃机学报,2016,34(1):41-47.
[30]郭恒杰,李雁飞,李莉,等.棕榈油生物柴油掺混燃料宏观与微观喷雾特性[J].内燃机学报,2015,33(5):385-392.
[31]杨康康,李昕昕,李俊鸽,等.醇类-生物柴油混合燃料喷雾特性的试验[J].内燃机学报,2016,34(3):260-267.
[32]曹建明.液体喷雾学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2013:5-6.
[2]Thomas G,Feng B,Veeraragavan A,et al.Emissions from DME combustion in diesel engines and their implications on meeting future emission norms:A review[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2014,119(119):286-304.
[3]Rakopoulos D C,Rakopoulos C D,Giakoumis E G,et al.Characteristics of performance and emissions in high-speed direct injection diesel engine fueled with diethyl ether/diesel fuel blends[J].Energy,2012,43(1):214-224.
[4]Li G,Cao J,Li M,et al.Experimental study on the size distribution characteristics of spray droplets of DME/diesel blended fuels[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2012,104(12):352-355.
[5]Mo J,Tang C,Li J,et al.Experimental investigation on the effect of n-butanol blending on spray characteristics of soybean biodiesel in a common-rail fuel injection system[J].Fuel,2016,182:391-401.
[6]Li D,Gao Y,Liu S,et al.Effect of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers addition on spray and atomization characteristics using a common rail diesel injection system[J].Fuel,2016,186:235-247.
[7]Huang H,Liu Q,Shi C,et al.Experimental study on spray,combustion and emission characteristics of pine oil/diesel blends in a multi-cylinder diesel engine[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2016,153:137-148.
[8]Awad O I,Mamat R,Ali O M,et al.Alcohol and ether as alternative fuels in spark ignition engine:A review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,82:2586-2605.
[9]Jamrozik A.The effect of the alcohol content in the fuel mixture on the performance and emissions of a direct injection diesel engine fueled with diesel-methanol and diesel-ethanol blends[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2017,148:461-476.
[10]Geng P,Cao E,Tan Q,et al.Effects of alternative fuels on the combustion characteristics and emission products from diesel engines:A review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016,71:523-534.
[11]Liu J,Sun P,Huang H,et al.Experimental investigation on performance,combustion and emission characteristics of a common-rail diesel engine fueled with polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers-diesel blends[J].Applied Energy,2017,202:527-536.
[12]H?rtl M,Seidenspinner P,Jacob E,et al.Oxygenate screening on a heavy-duty diesel engine and emission characteristics of highly oxygenated oxymethylene ether fuel OME 1[J].Fuel,2015,153:328-335.
[13]Li B,Li Y,Liu H,et al.Combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with biodiesel/PODE blends[J].Applied Energy,2017,206:425-431.
[14]Iannuzzi S E,Barro C,Boulouchos K,et al.Combustion behavior and soot formation/oxidation of oxygenated fuels in a cylindrical constant volume chamber[J].Fuel,2016,167:49-59.
[15]Iannuzzi S E,Barro C,Boulouchos K,et al.POM-DME-diesel blends:Evaluation of performance and exhaust emissions in a single cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine[J].Fuel,2017,203:57-67.
[16]Liu H,Wang Z,Wang J,et al.Performance,combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers(PODE3-4)/diesel blends[J].Energy,2015,88:793-800.
[17]Song H,Liu C,Li F,et al.A comparative study of using diesel and PODEn as pilot fuels for natural gas dual-fuel combustion[J].Fuel,2017,188:418-426.
[18]杜家益,李俊,张登攀,等.甲醇-调合生物柴油燃烧及排放微粒粒径分布特性试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(12):75-80
[19]杨皓,李兴虎,牟鸣飞,等.柴油/聚甲氧基二甲醚混合燃料的柴油机性能与排放试验[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2015,6(3):280-285.
[20]刘帅,王忠,李志越,等.正丁醇/柴油喷雾特性及缸内混合气形成过程数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(1):50-56.
[21]Valentino G,Allocca L,Iannuzzi S,et al.Biodiesel/mineral diesel fuel mixtures:Spray evolution and engine performance and emissions characterization[J].Energy,2011,36(6):3924-3932.
[22]Kim D,Martz J,Violi A.Effects of fuel physical properties on direct injection spray and ignition behavior[J].Fuel,2016,180:481-496.
[23]黄豪中,史程,张鹏,等.喷射压力及环境背压对松油-柴油混合燃料喷雾特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(17):55-61.
[24]徐阳杰,李国岫,虞育松,等.喷孔直径对柴油射流雾化影响的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2015,36(4):907-911.
[25]Yu S,Yin B,Jia H,et al.Theoretical and experimental comparison of internal flow and spray chracteristics between diesel and biodiesel[J].Fuel,2017,208:20-29.
[26]Zhang T,Dong B,Chen X,et al.Spray characteristics of pressure-swirl nozzles at different nozzle diameters[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,121(5):984-991.
[27]Dahmen N,Arnold U,Djordjevic N,et al.High pressure in synthetic fuels production[J].Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2015,96:124-132.
[28]Chen P C,Wang W C,Roberts W L,et al.Spray and atomization of diesel fuel and its alternatives from a single-hole injector using a common rail fuel injection system[J].Fuel,2013,103(2):850-861.
[29]姚春德,耿培林,银增辉,等.喷嘴结构对喷雾特性的影响[J].内燃机学报,2016,34(1):41-47.
[30]郭恒杰,李雁飞,李莉,等.棕榈油生物柴油掺混燃料宏观与微观喷雾特性[J].内燃机学报,2015,33(5):385-392.
[31]杨康康,李昕昕,李俊鸽,等.醇类-生物柴油混合燃料喷雾特性的试验[J].内燃机学报,2016,34(3):260-267.
[32]曹建明.液体喷雾学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2013:5-6.
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